فهرست مطالب کفاح شیبانی نیا

Tourism is as one of the most important development tool in the world and at present, has recognized as the largest and fastest growing industry in the world that has endless development and growing paths. Tourism has different shapes and different types, that are vary depending on the environmental conditions. Tourism is conducted in an environment consisting of human and natural features. Human environment consists economic, social and cultural factors and processes. Natural environment, consist plants, animals and its habitat too. Since the human environment and the natural environment are integrated and human activity affect the natural environment. Therefore, achieving sustainable tourism is one of the most important issues in land management and planning and conservation of natural resources.

This research is in terms of the nature of the review, which has studied the subject by reviewing scientific sources and using internet databases, and tourism and related concepts have been studied.

Different types of tourism including cultural tourism, historical tourism, art tourism, religious tourism, rural tourism, nature-based tourism and ecotourism were introduced and studied, and guidelines and principles for achieving sustainable tourism were presented.

To achieve sustainable development, tourism planning must be sufficiently focused. Therefore, there is a need for tourism to be in a large-scale, integrated and dependent on cultural and natural resources, and tourist attraction policies should be guided from quantity to quality.

Nowadays, high growth and developing rate of cities with increasing of population is major reason of citizens’ recreational demand and urban tourism. Urban tourism makes a part of citizens’ leisure time and provides their continuous leisure requirement within the city. However, people demand to use of outskirt recreation areas has also been increased with expanding transport system, recreational values of urban park, has not been decreased at all, especially walking accessibility distance. Gorgan with the area of 1615.81 and the population of about 401399 has only 3 neighborhood parks. In this study that has been regulated using questionnaire, using Descriptive- Analatic method during liberal study the effect of accessibility distance on recreational demand has considered by asking of some voluntary tourist in 3 selected parks and survey of their residential distance. The results of this study show that useing of park is decreased with distance increasing. Results of this research can provide appropriate formwork to take a dicision and plan for urban tourism.