احمد سیبی

Forest roads play a vital role in management, conservation and restoration of forests in mountainous regions. Despite of their costs, forest roads are essential for forest resource management. Recognition of soil properties has a critical role in finding the potential of the ground as base for road construction. Due to expenses of soil analysis, reducing soil samples to its minimum are of great importance in assessment of soil mechanics in forest roads. In this research, based on properties such as soil, slope, aspect, altitude, etc., zonation of study area was done into homogenous units based on landform using GIS. After preparing landform map, one soil sample and totally 32 samples were taken in units from which road passes. Then soil physical properties such as normal moisture (%), bulk density and soil texture were analyzed. According to the soil zonation map, 10 zones were obtained. One sample was taken in each zone and soil mechanic experiments and soil Classification carried out according to USCS method. Results show only 30% of the samples are coarse soil and the others are fine soil. 40% of fine soil have clay fine soil. Hence, in the parts of the road which have Liquidity Index more than one soils have to be drained before road construction and in the parts that soils have high Plasticity Index the road Bed have to be stabilized with lime after excavation. For decreasing costs of road construction and maintenance it is preferable that road cross from areas that are stable and have sustainable soils. To achieve this goal soil mechanical potential mapping has been done.

A study was conducted to determine the most appropriate forest road network using GIS software at series7, district 38 of Sardabrood and Chalus in 2013. To investigate and design forest roads, a land digitalized model in TIN format was prepared by 3D map of forest organization in a scale of 1:25000. Then, basic maps such as maps of slope, aspect and contour line distance of 10-m were prepared using this model. In the next step, the map of geology, penology, typology, proposed paths and parcel borders were digitalized based on the booklet of forest management plan. Eight effective factors in designing of forest road networks were investigated such as forest type, geology, pedology, distance from road, hydrography network, geographical aspects of the area, slope, and landscapes. The effect of each factor was weighed using hierarchical analysis. Then in the GIS environment considering the overlapping of aforementioned eight factors, capability road pass map of the area was created. Three variants of various paths in the road quickly predicted and evaluated by inserting the desired longitudinal slope (regarding to the kind of roads) into PEGGER program. The evaluation of the path proposed by the organization and the designed paths was done using Backmond regulations and capability road pass maps. The results showed that the proposed path with the density of 9.39 m per ha and coverage of 85.33% had the most suitable forest road network.

The main issue in design of forest roads, are proper planning, and passed the more positive and less negative. Trace the path with topographic maps and off the field as major infrastructure projects through the forest which is the most important and difficult part. The main objective of this study was prepared the map capabilities through appropriate road forest, mountain and forest stands in Series 7 of 38 sardabroud regard to technical road forest after harvesting, and also the maps needed to identify factors that influence the cross roads in the study area.These factors includes dip in the GIS maps, directions, soil, geology, type size, distance from waterways and the landscape of the region were provided with a raster format. Then, the floor plans prepared by the relative importance of classes in the range of 1 to 9 were rated.Then according to hierarchical analysis (AHP) the weight value of maps was obtained. Map data combined with weight factors in environment, GIS, maps were capable for crossing the road. The results showed that using this method, which can be potential areas for the road through the forest roads in the mountainous north and identify. Also, according to the data, including maps used in this study method can be introduced as a method for predicting the primaries of forest roads and mountain.

Compartment 7 of Vashmard was a part of watershed 38 of Sardabrood which is located in landscape of the most famous touristic plan and in minimum distance from the high-traffic Chaloos to Tonakabon coastal road through which millions of passengers pass or stop by every year is less than one kilometer. In this paper, we have provided a model for preparatory zoning for tourism development based on multi-agent evaluation approach. In the mentioned model weighing to criteria has been used with analytical hierarchy process in AHP and spatial analysis in GIS in order to provide an optimum display of the land ability for tourism development at three categories of very favorable, favorable and unfavorable. Results have shown that 51.11 percent of the entire compartment belongs to the favorable zone for tourism and 11.61 percent belongs to the unfavorable zone for tourism. Also distribution of the zones showed that unfavorable zones are mostly found in steep parts and field studies have shown that they are not recommended for tourism.

Natural Resources develop and implement action plans designed for direct contact with the forest road network development and ease of access to the deep forests and mountain areas in particular Contract. Today, GIS can be used Azqablyt large volumes of data paths in the design and evaluation, be managed in a short time. The main objective of this study was prepared the map capabilities through appropriate road forest, mountain and forest stands in Series 8 Spiroud regard to technical road forest after harvesting, and also the maps needed to identify factors that influence the cross road in the study area. To prepare the base map in GIS for assessing DEM used to produce the 3D map. These factors includes dip in the Arc map maps, directions, soil, geology, type size, commercial volume and the altitude of the region were provided with a raster format. Then, the floor plans prepared by the relative importance of classes in the range of 1 to 9 were rated. Then according to hierarchical analysis (AHP) the weight value of maps was obtained. Map data combined with weight factors in environment, GIS, maps were capable for crossing the road. The results showed that using this method, which can be potential areas for the road through the forest road in the mountainous north and identify.