مقالات رزومه دکتر سعیده مویدفر

Eco-lodges with environmental characteristics suitable for local culture and nature contribute to the preservation and protection of cultural and natural heritage, providing a closer interaction with the environment. Given the importance of ecotourism and the preservation of indigenous culture, the present research aims to investigate the role of eco-lodges in the Meybod city in the development of tourism from various economic, social, and physical aspects. It also aims to introduce the culture of this city and identify the impact of these accommodations on preserving the cultural values of this region in Iran. The overall research approach is quantitative, using a descriptive-analytical research method and data collection through library research and surveys (questionnaires). The statistical population includes local residents and officials related to eco-lodges, and the sampling method is stratified. Statistical tests such as Chi-square, One-Sample T-test, Pearson correlation, and CART data miningbased regression model are employed for data analysis. The results indicate that the establishment of eco-lodges in Meybod has had an impact on various aspects in the city, particularly on its cultural dimension, according to all groups of the statistical population. However, this impact on the cultural aspect outweighs other dimensions, and from the perspective of experts and stakeholders, the economic effects have not been significant. On the other hand, there is a direct and significant correlation between the establishment of ecolodges and the development of tourism in Meybod, suggesting that with an increase in the number of these facilities, significant tourism development will occur in Meybod, considering other facilitating factors at a higher level. Based on this, solutions to improve tourism management elements in Meybod, efforts to enhance tourism services in the city, and providing low-interest loans to ecotourism accommodation operators are recommended.

Urban renewal approach as an approach to urban renewal implies a set of adaptation processes and can be considered as an appropriate approach to renew the degraded texture of Iranian cities. This approach emphasizes more than other intervention approaches the cooperation between residents and local authorities in the framework of integrated management. The purpose of this study is to provide strategies for empowering informal settlements with an urban regeneration approach. The research method is descriptive-analytical with an applied nature. To collect data, interviews and questionnaires were used and in order to analyze the data, the strategic model of SOAR and QSPM were used. The statistical population of the study includes residents of the Poshteshahr neighborhood and officials related to worn-out and marginal tissue affairs. The results showed that Poshteshahr neighborhood, despite the existing problems and challenges, has many strengths and opportunities that with appropriate measures and taking advantage of the urban renewal approach, can become an active and suitable neighborhood for tourism and getting out of the marginal state. Estimating the attractiveness coefficients of experts and using the QSPM model to prioritize strategies showed that developing public areas by creating appropriate and compatible uses in the neighborhood in order to achieve a lively, dynamic, and active place with an attractiveness score of 2 .613 seems to be the most effective strategy.

Desert ecosystems have become one of the centers of tourism in nature due to their unique ecological potential and socio-economic capabilities and unique values and attractions. Tourism is a phenomenon that has long been considered by human societies and has continued to be dynamic according to different social and economic needs, and the growth of this industry in each country requires a proper strategy and effective management planning. Lut plain located in the provinces of Kerman (Kerman city, Shahdad city), South Khorasan and Sistan and Baluchestan, is one of the desert tourism destinations that has been considered by tourists and planners for a decade. The problem is that due to the growth of tourism activities, challenges have been raised in relation to improving the quality of life of the people and its growth trend by the tourism industry in the future of this unique region. According to the purpose of this study, which is to explain the capacity of the effects of local tourism on livelihood development in the city of Shahdad, our statistical population is the heads of households living in the city of Shahdad; Data collection method in this research includes library method and cross-sectional survey method. To extract the mentioned indicators, SPSS software, Vicker technique and HOLSAT model have been used. The results obtained from the final table of Vickor technique showed that the components Economics includes job opportunities for all classes of society with a score of 0.820 as the most important component in improving the quality of life and also the results of the HOLSAT model show that except in the environmental sector where the majority is a deterrent to improving the quality of life of local people. In other areas, it is the most important thing to improve the quality of life of residents.

The rapid growth and horizontal expansion of cities in Iran may be more intense than in many developed and developing countries, as this process deprives most of Iran's historic cities of a monolithic urban structure and presents them with specific problems for balanced and balanced development. In addition, many old, dilapidated old land, land uses and textures within cities are in the midst of this accelerated, accelerated development, left out of urban development and proper urban development, and are now considered problematic urban contexts. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the inner development of the cities of arid regions. The present study is an applied one and a descriptive-analytic one. In this study, library and field method were used for data collection. In this study, Delphi technique as well as structural equation modeling in PLS software environment was used to achieve the research objectives. The statistical population of the study consisted of urban planning experts with a sample size of 30 individuals. The findings of this study showed that managerial, environmental, physical, spatial, economic, social and cultural factors play an important role in the development of Ardakan.

The presence of security in a place of recreation is one of the most important parameters in decision making for visiting and spending leisure time in that place. On the other hand, the lack of security not only does not lead people to public places, promenades and walkways, but because of the lack of presence and isolation of these places, crime and its dimensions are spreading in these places, and therefore it is said that between security And the amount of citizens' return to public and recreational places remains a two-way and complementary relationship. Therefore, considering the importance of the subject, this study aims to identify and investigate the factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in the regional parks of Yazd city based on the opinion of the host community. Firstly, parks are one of the most prominent public spaces in the city and the most important components of urban, human and natural bodies, which, due to the overcoming of the green space element, attract the population and provide the ground for social interaction and spending leisure time in terms of recreation, entertainment, sports, study And relax and nature-oriented recreation, Secondly, experience has proven that one of the most important ways of developing and improving in every field is identifying barriers and factors that affect the lack of achievement.

The present study was conducted with exploratory and descriptive-analytical approach and using field and documentary studies to explore and investigate the factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in regional parks in Yazd. The statistical population of the study consisted of 384 Yazdi citizens who were randomly selected at the level of Yazd district parks in two stages (Semi-structured interview with citizens in the first stage) to identify the indicators affecting the feeling of insecurity and complete the questionnaire for factorization and survey The effect of each factor in the second stage is selected. In this research, qualitative findings (content analysis of interviews in Max Kido's qualitative analysis software) and quantitative (exploratory factor analysis) were used to analyze the information.

According to the results of the five identified factors, 86.201 % of the total variance of factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in the regional parks of Yazd city. First, it shows the comprehensiveness of the indicators identified by the interviewed community, and secondly, the emphasis of the statistical community on identified indicators as factors of insecurity in the parks studied. Based on the analysis, only 13.799 percent of the total variance was not calculated and was the result of other factors not identified by the statistical community of the interviewee. According to the results, the factor of the lack of utility of military-security infrastructure with a special value of 17.99 and 42.96% variance as the most important factor affecting the feeling of insecurity and the socio-individual factor with a special value of 1.449 and the percentage of variance of 36.75 as the least significant The agent has been identified. The incidence rate of anomalies, delinquency and mass with a special value of 35.34 and a 21.23% variance in the second place influenced on the feeling of insecurity in the regional parks of Yazd city based on the opinion of the host community and then the factors of the lack of utility standards with a specific amount of 2.923 and the percentage of variance was 10.826, and the physical-physical deprivation with a special value of 1.67 and a percentage of variance was 18.66.

The study of safety and factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in public places, especially parks, is an essential requirement. This research was carried out in seven regional parks of Yazd city. In this regard, this research has identified and extracted the factors affecting insecurity in regional parks in Yazd city based on the viewpoint of the host community, based on which applied strategies to diminish these factors and improve the quality of safety in these parks. The results show that in terms of host society in Yazd city parks, 27 indicators in the form of five factors of the lack of utility of military-security infrastructure, the occurrence of anomalies, crime and crime, non-observance of standards, physical-physical factors and an individual-social limiting factor affecting Felt the insecurity of the citizens. According to the results, the factor of the inappropriate use of law enforcement infrastructure in regional parks in Yazd with a percentage of variance of 42.699 was the most important factor affecting the feeling of insecurity from the host society. This alone explains 42% of the indicators that affect the feelings of citizens' insecurity, which indicates the importance of this factor and the emphasis of the statistical community on it. In the second place, the effect of the incidence of anomalies, delinquency and crime rate with the variance rate of 21.23, which according to the experiences and interviews, is the causative factor of the first factor. In general, according to the results of research, the desirability of law enforcement infrastructure and the elimination of abnormalities in the level of parks in the Yazd city make up about 64% of the strategies affecting the sense of security in the parks in terms of citizens.In the second place, the effect of the incidence of anomalies, delinquency and crime rate with the variance rate of 21.23, which according to the experiences and interviews, is the causative factor of the first factor. In general, according to the results of research, the desirability of law enforcement infrastructure and the elimination of abnormalities in the level of parks in the Yazd city make up about 64% of the strategies affecting the sense of security in the parks in terms of citizens.

In modern cities, there is little spaces for creative urban groups. The spaces that are both a place for citizens to be creative and as a space for knowledge-based and creative interactions and activities in the city to attract citizens' innovative ideas. The purpose of this study is to present a model to investigate the characteristics of creative city in Yazd District3. The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied research. By reviewing the research literature and obtaining expert opinion, 10 main indicators were identified. Then a structured matrix questionnaire was developed to determine the relationship between these indicators and the data obtained from the questionnaire analyzed by using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). It is plotted on 8 levels in an interactive grid. Also, the indices influence and dependence degree of indices have been studied. According to the findings, there is the most influential index in the matrix of influence-dependency, the index of "academic education" and the most dependent index of "vitality of urban space" in Yazd District3. As a result, the academic education index is one of the most important and key indicators of the creative city. Therefore, the realization of the creative city depends on the attention of the authorities to the index of academic education in Yazd District3, and organizations with this attitude should design their own long-term plans for the realization of the creative city. As a result, strategies are suggested such as utilizing the capabilities of partner universities for creativity-driven projects, creativity and entrepreneurship workshops in the local arts and crafts industry, the use of government facilities and private sector investment.

Ecotourism is a relatively new phenomenon in the tourism industry, which is only a part of the whole industry and has led many countries around the world to invest heavily in this sector. Walking in deserts and visiting desert attractions, vegetation, animal life, morphological forms, doing sports activities, has created a special type of tourism that is called "desert tourism". Economically, giving monetary value to the environment and natural resources, despite all its shortcomings, is needed for better decision-making and planning to use these resources and generate revenue. Economic valuation means determining the quantitative values of goods and services that these goods and services may have market prices or non-market prices. Since most environmental goods are non-market goods and are considered public goods, their economic valuation is not simply the pricing of private goods. In the environmental economics literature, there are different methods for valuing such goods, and the conditional valuation method is one of them. This method was first used by Grace in 1974 to measure the benefits of reducing soil erosion, which is then used to value environmental amenities and wealth and other goods for which there is no market to trade. This method uses interviews or questionnaire forms to extract people's willingness to pay for changes in the supply of quality goods or services. Meanwhile, the economic valuation of ecotourism is an effective tool for more accurate planning for the development and proper use of ecotourism projects. Determining the economic value of the project along with environmental valuation is one of the advantages of this tool. Yazd province is located in the center of Iran, on the edge of Lut plain, and desert is one of the dominant landscapes in the region. In general, about half of the province is covered by deserts, hills and sandy areas and saline lands. The deserts of Iran in Yazd province are one of the most beautiful ecotourism landscapes in the world; As sand dunes are one of the processes of desert areas that have spread around the city of Yazd with an area of about 30,000 hectares. Therefore, valuing this natural resource is important for economic development and growth as well as environmental protection. The present study is done with using 6 indicators and models to determine the economic value with the approach of sustainable development of Yazd desert. Also, using the conditional logit model, have been calculated the factors affecting acceptance and non-acceptance in different amounts. This research is of applied type and in terms of research method, it is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study was tourists in the desert areas of the world city of Yazd, which was randomly surveyed out of 100 people in the form of a questionnaire. In this research, two methods have been used to measure the value of the desert. The first method is contingent valuation (CVM) using the generalized least squares (GLS) model and cross-sectional data. Annual to prevent desert destruction, willingness to pay once to prevent desert destruction, average willingness to pay to prevent desert destruction through the establishment of industries annually or once and willingness to pay for sustainable desert development is estimated. According to this approach and in order to estimate the value of Yazd deserts, the expressed preferences such as travel expenses and the stated preference such as conditional valuation method are used and while estimating its value, the variables affecting the value of this public good are estimated. Conditional valuation method is one of the most widely used methods in environmental valuation studies, which, because it is based more on real data than hypothetical, can provide real values about the cost of better regional travel. In fact, the reason for using this model is to assess whether the desirability of natural resources such as the Yazd desert is such that the tourist is willing to pay an entry fee and even taxes to use and protect this tourism resource for its sustainability or not? Using the results of questionnaires and using the conditional valuation method and generalized minimum squares, the value of Yazd desert was calculated and the factors affecting it were calculated in the form of 6 models and the results show that the willingness to pay Achieved 270,000 Tomans and annually to prevent the destruction of Yazd deserts is 20,000 Tomans, which seems to be less than half a percent of per capita income in Iran. Also, significant effects on patterns of willingness to pay, variables of distance, value of travel and the number of travel days seen, so that even the distance of residence and the number of family members had a significant effect on willingness to pay. The outputs of the conditional logit model show that the variables of having goals other than travel, travel enjoyment, gender and finally education level are the factors that have influenced the approval or rejection of the request for payment of the set limit (50,000 Tomans).

Tourism industry, as the most diverse and largest industry in the world, is the most important source of income and creation of job opportunities for many countries of the world, which is considered as the engine of development. Undoubtedly, such an industry is very vulnerable to all kinds of natural, human, and biological crises. The outbreak of Covid-19 crisis around the world has posed serious challenges to the industry. The purpose of this study wasto present a neural network model that has been developed by modeling the experiences of different countries in dealing with crises and their policies. Relying on its generalizability, the proposed neural network model is able to model the dynamics between the “policies/factors and conditions” governing ecosystems and the “effectiveness of the adopted policies” to determine the effectiveness of the forthcoming policies for the Corona Pandemic Crisis. Using the proposed neural network model and providing information about the policies/factors and conditions governing the Iranian tourism industry, the outputs of the model indicate that the best policy adopted to return to pre-crisis climate conditions in Iran is using the “combined” policy. "Economic and financial preparedness to deal with the crisis" in the first place and with a slight difference in policy "combined focus on domestic tourism with preparedness to deal with the crisis" is the next, which according to the criteria of sustainable tourism development and economic sanctions in Iran, the second policy is much more practical. Therefore, solutions are suggested forthese conditions, such as traditional tourism planning for domestic tourists and virtual tourism planning for foreign tourists, development of rural tourism and emphasis on creative and safe tourism.

today , in some cities which have the potential of tourism , special approaches by branding are created to create a specific differentiation and position for destination to encourage tourists to more cost and to improve living standards .the shahdad near the lut desert ( the first natural attraction of world records ) due to various tourist attractions can become one of the important destinations for this matter . the research method in terms of purpose is applied descriptive and analytical that a major part of the data has been collected on the basis of field studies and interview and setting the questionnaire among tourists and local people of experts at the area.findings based on the results obtained from the components using structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach in smart -pls software showed that .the direct effect of perceived quality on brand awareness of the brand , brand awareness on brand loyalty , brand image , brand image and brand image have a positive effect on brand awareness . the brand image and perceived quality have a direct and indirect effect on the brand awareness , brand awareness and brand equity and brand equity and brand equity respectively.

All societies are facing disability as a biological and social phenomenon, regardless of the level of development. According to the World Health Organization (2011), currently more than one billion people in the world suffer from disabilities due to various physical, psychological and social reasons, which constitute 15% of the world's population and 80% of these people live in third world countries.  Also, it is predicted that by 2050, about 20% of the world's population will be elderly and the significant relationship between old age and disability.Given the boom in global and domestic travel and tourism in recent years, most families are usually encouraged to do so, and of course the existence of disability can be an obstacle in this regard; therefore, the right to travel and access to tourism spaces should be considered as one of the key social rights for the disabled and their families.Shiraz city has been introduced as the most standard city in Iran in the field of planning and special design for the disabled in 2016, but the main tourist spaces of this city do not have a special space for the disabled.The main purpose of this study is to evaluate tourism spaces in order to increase the attendance of the disabled in Shiraz. This means that by observing the standards and laws of urban design, the needs of the disabled in recreational places and tourist attractions can be met.

This research has a qualitative basis and an applied nature and is descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Library resources and field surveys in the form of a questionnaire were used to collect information. The statistical population in this study includes the disabled visiting the tourism places of Shiraz and the responsible people and experts (planners and urban designers) in the whole city are considered as the second pillar of the statistical population in this study.To prepare the research questionnaire, first the Delphi decision-making method was used to examine the opinions of experts about the researcher-made questionnaire based on this systematic method. Twenty urban experts related to the research topic participated in this process, each of whom commented on the same questions at least twice, and finally the questions and questionnaire items were prepared based on the consensus of these people. Questionnaire items were designed in two sections as the situation of tourism spaces in Shiraz and the attendance of tourists with disabilities in the form of questions. In order to assess the validity of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used and 0.79 was obtained.For data analysis, the one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation statistical method as well as SOAR and QSPM techniques have been used. The SOAR model is a combination of the SWOT model and the positive view that Stavors has invented. In this model, the greatest strengths and opportunities in the community will be discovered through the participants and shareholders, and then the same group will suggest the ideals that they prefer to achieve in the future.

Using the results of the questionnaires and SPSS software, a one-sample t-test was performed for the data. The results of one-sample t-test indicate that the average obtained from the research items is higher than 2.5, i.e. the main average, and indicates that by creating better conditions for the disabled in tourism spaces, their presence in tourism environments can be increased. The significance level of the test was less than 0.50, which indicates the confirmation of the test.Pearson correlation test was used to measure the correlation between independent and dependent variables. The independent variable consisted of 8 questions and the dependent variable consisted of 3 questions which were aggregated. Considering the correlation coefficient of 0.68, which is more than 0.5, it can be said that there is a direct and somewhat appropriate relationship between items; this means that by adapting tourism spaces in Shiraz and improving the conditions in these spaces, we can better and faster see the presence of disabled tourists in Shiraz.

The results show that one of the most touristic cities in Iran does not yet have the necessary infrastructure to receive disabled tourists in all urban areas. Although the city of Shiraz has been somewhat successful in accepting and attracting disabled tourists compared to other cities in Iran, this city does not fully meet the needs of the disabled in tourism spaces. Also, the main reason for the absence of disabled tourists in tourism spaces is the lack of facilities and services. Officials also believe that special urban equipment for the disabled should be used more in Shiraz. Based on the results of SOAR matrix, the most important opportunities and strengths of Shiraz city include the possibility of optimal use of open spaces and barren lands in the city and suburbs; it is possible to create special tourism hubs for the disabled in the tourist areas of this city and the existence of active rail and air connections with different cities of the country.

Due to the concerns about cultural, ethnic and religious diversity and the consequences, this study aims to investigate the relationship between religious identity and national identity among Zoroastrians. Religious identity is an important aspect of identity and has a decisive role in acquiring individual identity. Strengthening this dimension of identity can reinforce other aspects of identity and the crisis in this area can cause crisis in other aspects of identity, especially religious identity. This claim is especially relevant in the communities where religion is the fundamental pillar of society. This is a descriptive-analytical study that was done by survey method and questionnaire. The statistical population of this study was Zoroastrians in Yazd and Fars provinces 384 questionnaires were filled in by random sampling. The results of this study show that among the Zoroastrian community, the tendency to religious identity has a significant relationship with the tendency to national identity. Among this society, the correlation between religious identity and cultural-historical and political dimensions of national identity is higher, but despite the significance, the correlation between geographical-social dimensions is low.

Urban thermal islands are one of the most common urban climatic phenomena in which some urban areas, especially urban centers, are several degrees warmer than the surrounding areas. The study of this phenomenon and its mechanism of study is very important for urban planning. This research has been applied in terms of analytical method and in terms of purpose and has been done with the aim of investigating the effect of applications on the temperature of Yazd desert city. To illustrate this relationship, images from the 2005 and 2015 Terra satellites measuring the Aster were used. The results of the studies show that the physical expansion of the city of Yazd in different historical periods, has led to the advancement of this city in the marginal salt and sand surfaces, so that construction and asphalt areas, increase and areas Salt and sand and barren lands on the outskirts of the city have declined. As a result, most of the thermal islands of Yazd city have been formed in marginal areas and barren lands. In this regard, there is a negative correlation between the two variables of vegetation and land surface temperature during the 10-year period, which indicates that the size of the heat islands has increased as the green space decreases

One of the most prominent features of the historical core of cities is the presence of precious physical elements and textures.With the global registration of Yazd's historical context in UNESCO and its emergence in tourism, the preservation of this texture and its sustainable development are more felt. The Forecasting approach allows for the best possible use of future opportunities and to avoid negative consequences as far as possible by identifying the future opportunities and threats of urban contexts. The purpose of the present study is to identify the key variables are effective in resolving the existing problems in the historical context of Yazd and to investigate the relationships between the variables and how they affect each other.The method of this study is descriptive-analytical.The nature of the data is qualitative and the method of data collection is library, documentary and survey.In this regard, the opinions of 15 experts in the historical context of Yazd city have been used to identify key factors. In the next step, the forces driving the development of the Sheshbadgir district are identified and these factors are prioritized based on the degree of uncertainty and then the scenarios are formed. Accordingly,the most important priorities are to improve the state of exhaustion,reduce crowding and improve the safety of the Sheshbadgir district.The solutions are suggested such as government loans for refurbishment, refurbishment and renovation of residential units, refurbishment and design of sidewalks,raising public awareness of the historical context,providing more facilities and a favorable environment for investment by tourism companies.

Nowadays, spaces of cities have been shaped based on the principles of adult usage; that is, urban spaces mostly lack the quality for children usage or the characteristics of a child loving city. Considering the sensitivity of the teenage class, it is necessary to use the participation of adolescents in improving the quality of urban spaces for the presence of children. The main question raised in this study is what factors affect the participation of teenagers in the public spaces of the city of Abadeh. The survey is based on a statistical population consisting of all the teenagers aged 12 to 18 in that city. As many as 150 subjects were selected through systematic random sampling according to the Cochran formula. The research data were collected from expert opinions and a questionnaire. The research methodology was descriptive-analytical based on library studies, documents and field studies. The research is applied in terms of purpose. The results of the data analysis by the SWOT technique and the SPSS statistical software showed that the rate of the social participation of teenagers in public spaces is low. Also, the results of Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that creating urban special facilities in Abadeh can be effective in increasing the sense of safety in public spaces, and paying attention to child-loving city approaches is effective in decreasing social crimes among teenagers. To promote the participation in public spaces of Abadeh, suggestions are made for such measures as improving means of access and their security as well as increasing sport places and enhancing services and facilities.

In recent decades, the growth of inconsistent in urban environments has had a direct and indirect impact on the quality of life, historical and valuable textures and human beings. Improvement approaches have evolved over time that newest approach is the urban renaissance. Current research is the assessment of life quality in the historical context of Imam Ali Square (Isfahan) based on three social, economic and physical criteria with regards to urban renaissance approach. The method was descriptive-analytical. Also, the statistical population is the area residents and the urban experts, 30 of them were selected selectively and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Then the SWOT method analyzed the present situation and then the social, economic and physical, as well as the urban renaissance options, were prioritized through the Analytical Network Model. The results of this research showed the most important criterion for improving the quality of life was the economic criteria. For social quality criterion, the satisfaction level of the neighborhood, for economic criterion the housing and land market, and in the basic criterion for monitoring new construction and in urban renewal alternatives, flexible development plans are one of the most important factors. The impact on quality of life was recognized in the study area. In the end, strategies such as balancing the functions of the tissue by injecting business, tourism, etc. for achieving this goal were presented.

Security is an unavoidable need, and a security-deprived society will have a population lacking in mental peace. The security of a society is as important as the sense of security and psychological security in that community. So, planning is easier in a secure society. Planning is caused by scarcity of resources and determining how resources are distributed among the interests of the owners and among different locations. The spatial distribution of resource types means that everyone in an area level is given equal access to resources and facilities. Security and sense of security is also one of the sources that have a significant impact on the distribution and density of populations across different regions. Accordingly, identifying security and safety factors as well as identifying the level of security in the regions are essential preconditions for planning to enhance security and achieve development. Yazd province is one of the central provinces of Iran, which is a kind of communication highway of the country. The immigration on the one hand and relocation of people from neighboring provinces to the province to work in the industrial cities on the other hand, as well as the created ethnic, religious and cultural diversity, have caused challenges such as social damages to Yazd province. Regarding the importance of this issue, the main purpose of this study is to estimate and classify the level of human security and its spatial distribution in 10 cities of Yazd province. Finally, solutions can be provided to greater security and secure justice in different parts of the province.

The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of its applied nature and research method. Since the statistical population of this study is comprised of 10 cities of Yazd province, the required information was collected from the latest statistical yearbooks of Yazd province in 2014, 2015 and 2016, along with Yazd province police station. In this study, we collected the theoretical bases by the deductive method and generalized the results inductively. In this study, 16 indicators were used to measure the level of security feeling from various aspects of human security, including life, economic, moral, and judicial aspects.
In the next step, these indices were evaluated using the Delphi technique. In this regard, a questionnaire on the importance and weight of research indices was compiled and sent to 11 experts whose average weights were used to perform the research model. Finally, Vikor decision making technique was used to classify cities.Vikor is a collaborative decision-making method. The main difference between this model and other hierarchical or network decision-making models is that, the model does not make pairwise comparisons between criteria and options, and each option is independently measured and evaluated. This model consists of 7 stages, which the first stage is the presentation of the indicators in the research.

City dwelling has caused a lot of social, financial, and other sorts of problems for developing countries recently. Therefore, paying attention to the concept of citizens’ safety and planning approaches in order to provide the mentioned safety has turned out to be one of the major priorities of city authorities. As urban spaces have the most communication with people and their living areas, they can play a significant role in citizens’ identification and calmness. So that it is necessary to predict solutions in the planning of urban spaces which provide the safety of citizens in urban districts. The purpose of this study is to design suitable and future-oriented programs for the transformation of the historical fabric into a secure space in order to be more successful in attracting tourists. However, due to the problems of urban communities and the importance of tourism, the attention to the concept of security in urban environments is a priority for both urban residents and tourists as well as planning methods for security purposes. Therefore, we can say that the garden-city of Meybod is one of the richest cities in the country considering archaism. The city of Meybod, thanks to its historical and cultural works and even immigration from other parts of the country plays a significant role in tourism and from the viewpoint of having historical monuments, and tourist attractions are of great importance, too. Restoration and alteration of these monuments during the last years, life and existence and even the extent of this texture have turned it out to one of the unique historical sites not only in Iran but also in whole the world. This texture has been frazzled lately due to the existence of most historical monuments and tourist attractions in this texture of the city and thanks to its cultural and tourism potentials and unfortunately because of the lack of facilities and equipment, inappropriate access and the lack of safety feeling. Therefore the related organizations have been obliged to restore and ameliorate the texture which can cause the return of life to this texture. This study has an applied goal, and from the viewpoint of research, approaches are descriptive and analytic. It must be said that the collecting data method for this study is of documentaries scrutinizing, field studying and interviewing with related experts. The statically society of this study contains 50 experts related to this are whose ideas have been used to provide the SWOT matrix, SWOT analytic matrix and QSPM are used to analyze the data and express useful solutions. In order to achieve the effective indexes in the research, by reviewing and summarizing the research background, the indexes presented in the articles, as well as the CPTED approaches and the Rapaport approach, the objective and subjective attributes are considered, and those that are more closely related to the circumstances of the case study has been considered, or in other words, the localization of the indicators has been done with the opinion of the experts. So by using the Oregon Model and also authorities and people ideas and upper hand plans, some landscapes are formed for the area. Moreover, finally, proper solutions in the applicable planning process method are expressed by regulating external and internal strategic factors which are the fundamentals of codifying solutions. Overall, the results of this study show that paying attention to the social remarks and consideration of safety in the historical texture of Meybod is of great importance. Paying attention to elements such as beauty, attraction, lack of nervousness, variety, safety and liveliness which are public and cognitive components and without considering social remarks and safety feeling in urban districts, they are useless and are realized just from the viewpoint of space and skeletal. SO, it is essential to define their roles to provide safety feeling in urban districts by predicting solutions in planning. Tourism itself is one of the elements which can play a significant role in historical textures of Meybod, as there is great potential inside these textures which by emphasizing on tourism, can be used. The main purpose of this study is to find proper and future-proof planning to change the historical texture of Meybod to a safe place to attract tourists more successfully. The results of this study show that by using the present potentials of Meybod, the historical texture can be turned out to be a safe urban space. By regarding the city landscapes (a historical city, a safe city with sustainable citizenship, industry and tourism pole) and by offering solutions such as walling destroyed buildings, lightening the historical texture, restoring old historical monuments in order to change them to tourist attractions, etc. we can increase safety in historical texture and even develop civic conditions in the city to reach the desirable landscapes.

Today,with the increasing of development,cities are lacking in desirable urban spaces,adapting these spaces to the residents, experts have been in the spotlight. Urban spaces have a unique role to meet the needs of children in social and individual aspect. This places assign a major part of everyday's life and the environment into account residents, including children and from the perspective of the humanities and engineering,Quality improvement,these spaces can increase health and physical powers, strengthen social interactions and foster creativity in children can be effective.The method used in this research is descriptive and based on library studies and field investigations (in the form of questionnaires and interpretation of children's drawings and surveys of parents),At first, the child friendly features indicate in various resources and based on these indicators, the statements of the questionnaire form, then, according to the results of questionnaire, internal and external factors SWOT model has been extracted and weighted according to experts. The results showed that according to the criteria AHP model child-friendly city,safety and security standards in the first place and the criteria of creativity, sense of creativity criterion is ranked first.Based on the priorities and the role of Swat,QSPM model was used to derive strategies, addressing the high priority that children have in environment, that schemes such as children's participation and decision-making in the city of Yazd, Use signs to orient the children in the neighborhood, Use of small-scale furniture and the use of bright colors in urban areas can be effective in this matter.

Informal settlements are the major factors of creating instability in the cities especially in developing countries. informal settlement is mainly known with the informal occupation of the land and housing, lack of observing the official and conventional rules and regulations of urbanization, severe lack of infrastructural services, physical and demographic rapid growth, dominant informal occupation, structural and installation instability , instable income, appropriate physical bed for the growth of social pathologies and formation of deviant subcultures and creation of social bases of criminals and offenders. This phenomenon has been created due to the growth effect ot urbanization, rural-urban migrations and urban poverty.Enabling approach is a solution that through emphasizing on the endogenous nature of the problem resolving , can provide grounds for reducing the negative effects of informal settlements. This study has been conducted to the aim of empowering the informal settlement of Hasanabad Yazd to provide an appropriate model for its organization. The research method is of descriptive – analytic one and of applied and developmental type. The data were collected through library and documentary studies and also filling questionare and by using factor analysis, the local reqirements were prioritized and soluitions for empowermnent has been presented. While reviewing the studied 34 questions, the effective factors on the sustainable development of the local area was decresed to 9 (nine) factors and with respect to the correlation rate of each loaded question in factors, the appropriate title was selected. These factors cover 67.124 % of the variance , in which environmental factor with19.152 % has had the greatest percentage of variance and training with 3.696 % has had the lowest percentage of variance. Thus, with respect to the percentage of variance, the factors were prioritized based on the severity of the impact on empowerment of the communities as environmental, social, educational, health, sport, participatory, physical, economical, infrastructure and skills training.