مقالات رزومه دکتر محمد آصف تقوی

In the conventional economics, the study of the extent of the government’s intervention in economy is a fundamental issue, making a distinction between economic systems. The main question of the article is “To what extent is a government allowed to intervene in economy from the perspective of the Islamic economy?” Drawing upon a descriptive-analytical method, the present article seeks to show that from the perspective of Islamic economy, the Islamic state’s intervention in respect of control and policymaking is maximal but in its tenure or involvement in economic affairs is minimal. This idea is made clear by offering the following four observations: the priority of justice over the growth in the Islamic system of economy, the large-scale duties of the Islamic state as quoted in the Islamic resources, the abundant financial resources at the disposal of Islamic state, and the study of the economic affairs in the early Islam and in the Islamic government established by the Holy Prophet Muhammad and Imam Ali (peace be upon them).

"Justice" is a concept that man has always craved for. Those theorizing about utopia have built their ideal society according to this concept. In the view of the holy Quran, justice is the aim of prophets’ mission. One of the most important aspects of justice is "distributive justice" or "economic justice". Proposing the theory of "justice as fairness", the philosopher, John Rawls, tries to explain the concept of "justice" in the context of liberalism, a subject has been of special interest to researchers. Islam also pays special attention to "distributive justice" and Muslim scholars including Martyr Sadr, regards distributive justice as one of the three pillars of Islamic school of economics. Proposing the theory of "balance", martyr Sadr explains distributive justice from an Islamic perspective. This comparative study reviews these two theories and shows that, despite the superficial similarity between the two views about such topics like paying attention to distributive justice and status of the poor, there are important differences between the two including the difference in the source of justice, the difference in fundamentals, and the difference in the subject area. This study makes clear that considering the principles of Rawls’s theory, we find that it cannot be proposed and implemented in religious and non-liberal communities.