a. azareh

In recent years, the growing trend of population and overuse of groundwater aquifers and subsequent events such as droughts are causing irreparable damage to the country's socio-economic infrastructure. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of groundwater level on rainfall fluctuations in Rafsanjan plain from 1992 to 2016. Drought periods were determined based on meteorological drought index (SPI) and groundwater (GRI) at three time scales (12, 24 and 48 months) and correlation and trend were determined using Pearson correlation and Mann-Kendall test, respectively. The results of meteorological and groundwater drought analysis showed that the highest drought classes in these two indices in the relatively normal class were 12, 24 and 48 months at 33.56, 41. 87 and 49.01 for SPI and 29.75, 29.96 and 29.64 for the index, respectively. GRI occurred The study of the effects of meteorological drought on the changes in groundwater aquifers indicated that the drought showed the highest correlation with the GRI index of 0.414 in the 48 month period, so that this scale is the most consistent since 2003. With the aquifer drop variations, and then showed the highest correlation on a 24 month scale of 0.256. The bottom is relatively high doses correlation between SPI and GRI indicators show that groundwater levels are influenced by significant changes. The results also showed that the Rafsanjan plain groundwater loss trend was significant at 99% level and all Mann-Kendall test statistics indicated that the aquifer level changes in these areas had a negative and negative trend such that the groundwater level during this plain The 25 year old dropped 20.75 meters.

Today, success in water and soil management and conservation programs to reduce soil erosion is one of the top priorities of all countries, including Iran and one of the prominent examples in this area is the use of conservation agriculture with the aim of achieving sustainable development and production and sustainable management of water and soil resources. The purpose of this study, was to spatial ranking and Leveling of selected wheat cultivation villages in southern Kerman based on conservation agriculture Approach. The research method was a descriptive-analytical study which was conducted using survey method. The statistical population consisted of wheat farmers in rural areas of southern Kerman. The sample size was estimated about 327 farmers using the Krejcie and Morgan table. The sampling method was proportional stratified random sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results of ranking the villages using VIKOR technique showed that HeydarAbad Chahsokhteh and Abass abad Tarh Ahrar with the coefficient scores of 0.004 and 0.018 ranked first and second, respectively, Furthermore, “Ferdoos” ranked the last by obtaining the coefficient scores of 0.994. Moreover, the results of spatial classification showed the existence of disparity and inequality between the studied villages at different levels. The results also revealed that 52.8% of rural areas were in the category of "favorable and desirable", 36.1% were in the category of "half-eaten", and 11.1% were in "deprived or undesirable" category. Eventually, due to the fact that 52.8% of rural areas were in the category of "favorable and desirable", it can be concluded that the studied rural areas were in a favorable position in terms of conservation agriculture.