فهرست مطالب a. h. hasani

The incidences of fire and earthquake are the two serious hazards to buildings that jeopardize the safety of occupants. Much research has been carried out on the effect of seismic loads on structures, but little is known on the concomitant impact of these threats, specifically fire before an earthquake. Besides, many buildings are currently in use after a fire event without any particular retrofitting, which are exposed to future earthquakes like undamaged structures. In this research, the behavior of a moment-resisting steel frame is studied in two cases of damage by fire before an earthquake as well as the post-fire earthquake damage. Accordingly, the structure under study was designed following the Iranian Standard for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings (Code 2800, 3rd Ed.). A set of ten fire scenarios was considered for thermal analysis. The results indicate that the structure remains stable after seismic loading in the case of post-fire earthquake, given that a maximum temperature of 600-700 °C is experienced in different fire scenarios based on the Eurocode standard fire curve. However, in the case of post-earthquake fire, the maximum stability temperature after seismic loading lies in the range of 600-800 °C for different fire scenarios, according to the ISO 834 fire curve. In the former case, deflection of the beams increases downward rapidly upon reducing the stiffness and strength of steel as temperature exceeds 600 °C, while in the latter case, the beams deflection increases downward sharply in the temperature range of 650-800 °C.

Nowadays, the greatest of process type used in treatment of beverage water is conventional treatment. That it cannot remove organic matter effectively. Filtration is one of the most important treatment processes used in water treatment plant.The one of approaches, modification of conventional rapid sand filters into dual or multimedia filters.
This study was results from of pilot study that with the purpose of assessment performance was using of GAC and Anthracite in dual media filter filters in Abadan water treatment plant in removal of TOC, Fe, Mn, No3-and NH4 in Drinking Water by GAC and Anthracite in dual - media filters in Abadan water treatment plant. All parameters were measured according to sections of Standard Methods APHA et al. The t-test and regression equations were calculated.
Samples were collected in summer from the inlet and outlet of each pilot filter and the outlet of the filtration unit. Turbidity, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Fe, Mn, NO3- and NH4 were measured in each sample for three different low, medium, and high filtration rates. Pilot No.2 had a maximum efficiency in the removal of the parameters that removal average of turbidity, TOC, Fe, Mn, NO3-, NH4, respectively. So, the best performance of GAC-sand filter is in EBCT=20 min during loading rate of 35 l/d.
In general, both pilot filters performed better at low surface loading rate. More specifically, pilot scale No. 2 showed better removal of parameters and longer empty bed contact time (EBCT) in that surface loading rate.

A poly allyl acetoacetate-grafted graphene oxide (GO-GAA) was successfully synthesized through Hummers' method followed by divinyl sulfone modification and allyl acetoacetate polymerizaton. This novel functionalized graphene oxide was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM analyses. Thereafter, the adsorption property of GO-GAA for Cd2+ ion removal from aqueous media was investigated. The effect of several factors such as pH and temperature on the Cd2+ adsorption was also studied. The maximum Cd2+ adsorption by GO-GAA occurs at 20°C, at pH=7. The synthesized nanoadsorbent also showed a good reusability, even after 10 cycles of adsorption-desorption using HNO3 as regenerating agent. Furthermore, applicability of synthesized nanoadsorbent for Cd2+ removal from industrial wastewater and well water samples inoculated with cadmium was investigated and over 82% efficiency was observed.

ne of the aims of consuming urban purified sewage s using it for artificial injection of the plains without urface water flows. Using the sewage, specially in he plains where there is slump of underground water urface because of the irregular take of these waters, re more essential. The plain of Yazd-Ardakan as ne of the main plains of Yazd province has the main opulation, industrial and agricultural activities. Since 0 years ago, there has been a slump of underground ater surface because of the irregular take of water in he plain, so that the plain was forbidden since 1967 by inistry of Energy in order to prevent more slump in he water surface. tatistics indicate that the slump is continous. Low uality of some wells water and settling of the ground n some land of the region show that the situation is ritical. o using any kind of water resources especially refined sewage in order to reduce and compensate the slump of Yazd-Ardakan plain is suggested.