a. mozafari

Nowadays, due to consumers' interest in fresh fish over frozen fish, the importance of keeping and supplying fresh fish is increasing day by day.

In this study, the effect of edible bioactive coating based on chia seed gum and nanoemulsion of ginger essential oil on the shelf life of rainbow salmon fillet during 12 days of storage in the refrigerator was investigated. In order to carry out this aim, fresh salmon fillets were prepared with four different gelatin solutions with different percentages from 2 to 15% of and then the fillets were stored in a refrigerator. In order to check the performance of this coating, microbial tests consisting of total microbial count, measurement of free fatty acids based on oleic acid, measurement of total volatile bases (TVN) and pH were periodically performed for all samples on days 1, 6, and 12.

According to Duncan's test, the results show that in the control sample, the microbial count is significantly (P<0/05) higher than the other samples, and also the microbial count tests show that on the 12th day, as compared to the 6th day and 6th day as compared to 1st day, there were significant increases (P<0/05). The acidity of extracted fat on the 12th day increased significantly (P<0/05) as compared to the first and sixth days.

In general, the results of this research indicated that these compounds can be used to increase the shelf life of rainbow salmon.

Identifying minor amounts of explosives with sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy and speed can be a great advantage for applications related to national security and environmental monitoring.Unfortunately, identification with high reliability of explosives is still a challenge and is largely unfulfilled. Today, fluorescence-based methods are widely used to detect explosives and products derived from their destruction in complex matrices. Due to the special electrical properties and fluorescence emission of Quantume dots due to the interaction with various compounds, including explosives, the use of this nanopaticle for the development of various sensors has become a key factor in recent years. Nitro-aromatic explosives caused various quantum dots to be quenched by different mechanisms.For this reason, detection and identification of these species is carried out. In this review, the application of quantum dots as sensors of nitroaromatic compounds and their mechanism is investigated.

Wild boar is distributed throughout Iran except highly arid areas. In recent years, however, population size of wild boar has increased primarily because of reduction in population size of natural predators such as leopard. Conversely, changes in land-use practices and increase in foraging of livestock in natural habitats has led to reduction of food resources and consequently, has forced the species to graze on plants, grown in agricultural fields. This has resulted in conflicts between conservation of wild boar and preservation of interest of local people. In this research, ecological niche factor analysis was used to develop habitat suitability model for wild boar in eastern Alamut hunting prohibited area and to determine factors, in particular, anthropogenic factors affecting species distribution. Results indicated that wild boar showed a tendency of moving towards villages, agricultural fields, river banks and areas of lower altitude. Forty villages were located inside or near the suitable habitat, as predicted by the model, of which 27% consisted of agricultural fields. This suggested a high conflict between wild boar habitats and interest of local people. To improve conservation status of eastern Alamut, it is important to reduce the conflict between wild boar and local population through management plans.

The effect of rotating speed and stiffeners on vibrations for composite rotors is investigated using Sander's shell theory. The frequency equation is derived implementing the Rayleigh-Ritz procedure based on energy method. The effects of initial hoop tension, centrifugal and Coriolis forces due to the rotation are considered to derive governing equation. The displacement functions satisfying the both ends simply supported boundary conditions are assumed to be trigonometric expressions. By using simple shell theory like as Sander's shell theory the amount of equations and time expenditure are considerably reduced and provides feasible analysis, solution and design especially for composite materials optimization. UD composite materials are used for stiffeners. The effects of these stiffeners are evaluated by an averaging method. Some of stiffeners shapes are considered to optimize the ratio of natural frequency to weight.

Vaccination with the major surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) induces anti-HBs antibody production and level of 10 IU/L is considered protective. It has been shown that the level of anti-HBs antibody does wane after vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the persistence of anti-HBs antibodies in healthy Iranian children 10 years after primary vaccination.

Blood samples were collected from 146 children, 10 years after completion of primary hepatitis B vaccination course at birth. The sera were tested for anti-HBs, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and HBsAg by use of ELISA technique.

At 10 years after primary vaccination, 70 (47.9%) children had protective levels of antibody (anti-HBs> 10 IU/L) with mean titer of 68.1 IU/ml. Moreover, 45 (30.82%) children were negative for anti-HBs antibody. Distribution of children according to anti-HBs concentration revealed that the proportion of subjects with antibody titer of 0-10 IU/L, 10-100 IU/L, 100-500 IU/L and 500-1000 IU/L was 52.1%, 24.6%, 20.5% and 2.7%, respectively. All children were negative for HBsAg, although anti-HBc was positive in 11 (7.5%) children. There was no difference in the seroprotection rates of males and females.

The results of present study show that after 10 years after primary vaccination with recombinant HB vaccine, 47.9% of the children had protective levels of anti-HBs antibody. On basis of the HBsAg and anti-HBc results, it seems that effective immunological memory exists in children. Additional follow-up studies need to be conducted to determine the duration of protection.