a. ramesh

Today, most countries in the world are gearing up by innovation, seeking to increase productivity and improve their economic situation, and one of the important centers for innovative activities is the incubator centered companies. The majority of companies based in incubator centers are startups companies. Considering that the failure rate of new firms in the early years of formation is greater, research should be conducted on the success factors of these companies. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the key factors for the success of knowledge-based companies Relied on academic incubator centers and it was carried out with the Meta synthesis method. Meta synthesis requires that the researcher carry out a thorough and in-depth review, combining the findings of relevant qualitative research. Using the Meta synthesis method, evaluated over 38 articles in the field of knowledge-based companies. Content mining was used to extract the dimensions and codes, and the significance and priority of each was determined by the use of the quantitative Shannon entropy method. 13 codes, 4 general concepts and 2 categories were identified by reviewing 38 articles. Shannon’s entropy was determined based on the results of the quantitative analysis. To evaluate the quality, the results are presented to one of the experts to be examined by the Kappa index Using SPSS software; a significant number of 0.000 and an index value of 0.706 were calculated. So it can be claimed that the extraction of the codes had a good reliability. The most important factor for the success of the companies located in the incubator centers of Sistan and Baluchistan University is the marketing and sales capabilities that have the highest coefficient and have the highest rankings in total. Based on the findings, it was found that the factors of marketing and sales capabilities, the presence of specialized staff and information technology related infrastructure (software, hardware, network, and brain ware), respectively, have the most impact on the success of knowledge-based companies Relied on university incubator centers.

Information technology as a more intermediary utilizes the science of the day to provide the necessary data for the specialists, organizations, and ultimately all types of groups in the shortest possible time and in the best possible way. Many countries believe that entrepreneurship has played an indispensable role in improving productivity and economic growth. Since the benefits of tourism industry in the regional process through the creation of foreign exchange earnings lead to economic growth and in the local procedures through the creation of jobs the consistent distribution of income will improve lives of the people, developing countries see the prosperity of tourism as a way for the economic development in all aspects. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize new business opportunities in the electronic tourism industry of Chabahar city. In the present article which conducted in 2018 thirty people were selected from the active tourism industry in the area for the research sample.  Expert choice software was used to analyze the data. Smart advertising opportunities with a coefficient of 0.221, smart commerce with a coefficient of 0.191, smart residency with a coefficient of 0.172, smart navigation with a coefficient of 0.131, intelligent transportation with a coefficient of 0.113, smart routing with a coefficient of 0.092, Smart data with a coefficient of 0.049, and smart training with coefficient 0.029 were recognized as new businesses in the industry of Chabahar.

Surrogacy motherhood as a reproductive technique has helped many infertile couples during recent years. Currently, this technique is growing in Iran, but little evidence exists about the position of this technique in medical ethics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethics of surrogate motherhood in Iran. Data was collected through the literature review and interviews with experts. Electronic databases such as Iranmedex, Scopus, Sciencedirect and PubMed were searched. Interview was done with 7 experienced and practiced people from May to July 2012. In terms of ethics, surrogacy particularly commercial surrogacy has considered as a controversial challenge. Commercial surrogacy is known as an unethical method. Commercial surrogate mother conflicts with medical ethics. This is due to exploitation. Since surrogacy is growing in Iran, it seems necessary to substitute commercial with altruistic surrogacy. Surrogate mother support is possible when legislation exits.

To establish a balance between work (physical exercise) and human, the aerobic capacity (VO2max) could be used as a measure. Assessing heart rate in association to physiological symptoms is the most commonly used tools for the assessment of fatigue during physical exercise. This study aimed to investigate the association between the aerobic capacity and the heart rate of workers from the casting industry. The subjects were 200 male workers selected from casting industry in Isfahan using random sampling method. The subjects were examined using ergometer in accordance with Astrand 6 minutes cycle test protocol, Then, the VO2max was estimated using the formula proposed by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). The heart rates were monitored and recorded automatically. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS 20 statistical software package. The results illustrated that there was a strong correlation between heart rate (HR) and VO2max (r=0.991, P<0.001). The regression analysis of the quadratic equation indicated that there was a significant association between the VO2max and the heart rate. As the results indicated there was a strong association between heart rate and VO2max, indicating the fact that with the increase in heart rate during physical activity, aerobic capacity is reduced, and the heart rate could be used as a p rediction measure to estimate VO2max.

Now a day despite of medical science development, children who encountered disease in terminal life need especial care and have some ethical challenges. This research is about challenges about this care. In this research we used library research. As the results, pediatric needs to have neglected for inadequate knowledge for example, unnecessary treatment, neglect, denial and fatigue in Pediatrics’ Parent. Decision making and Say bad news to Pediatric have other Problem in end stage Care for Pediatric. Palliative care in pediatric is a problematic care. Unfortunately, there were not ethical lows for this Problems and challenge and health care Personals have ambiguous for solve these situations. We need exact research about palliative care in pediatric.

Nurses are ever-increasingly confronted with complex concerns in their practice. Codes of ethics are fundamental guidance for nursing as many other professions. Although there are authentic international codes of ethics for nurses, the national code would be the additional assistance provided for clinical nurses in their complex roles in care of patients, education, research and management of some parts of health care system in the country. A national code can provide nurses with culturally-adapted guidance and help them to make ethical decisions more closely to the Iranian-Islamic background. Given the general acknowledgement of the need, the National Code of Ethics for Nurses was compiled as a joint project (2009-2011). The Code was approved by the Health Policy Council of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and communicated to all universities, healthcare centers, hospitals and research centers early in 2011. The focus of this article is on the course of action through which the Code was compiled, amended and approved. The main concepts of the code will be also presented here. No doubt, development of the codes should be considered as an ongoing process. This is an overall responsibility to keep the codes current, updated with the new progresses of science and emerging challenges, and pertinent to the nursing practice.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is entrapment of median nerve in carpal tunnel of the wrist. The prevalence of CTS related to pregnancy and non-pregnancy is unknown in some countries such as Iran. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CTS in women of Boyerahmad Township located in South-West part of Iran. This cross-sectional descriptive analytic study was done since February 2010 to January 2011 in Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics in 2656 non-pregnant and 1508 pregnant women. The women that had clinical symptoms of CTS performed standard electro diagnostic techniques for rule in or rule out of CTS. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant and non- pregnant women was 3.4and 2. 3 percent respectively. The prevalence of CTS in all women was 2.7%. Overall, 51 pregnant women had CTS that 59.4% had mild, 18.8 % had moderate and 21.9% had severe CTS. Sixty-one non-pregnant women had CTS that 73.6 %had mild, 20.8 %t had moderate and 5.6 % had severe CTS. Although the prevalence of CTS in Iranian pregnancy is higher than non-pregnancy women conservative treatment is safe and more effective.

Neonatal diabetes mellitus, which is defined as hyperglycemia presenting within the first six weeks of life, is a rare disorder. It may result in transient or permanent disease. Pancreatic agenesis is a rare cause of neonatal diabetes.We report a neonate who was small for gestational age and presented with diabetes mellitus and signs of malabsorption because of pancreatic agenesis.

Abstract: One of the domains of scientific activities is working on animals. Performing experiments on animals is per­missible only with the purpose of obtaining necessary information for saving and improving life of human be­ings or ani­mals. Principally, all religions believe that human life is more valuable than animal life and humans have a God-given au­thority over animals, but they should not be cruel to animals and cause their pain or suffering. Based on Islamic view points, al­though Allah has put the Man as the lord of all creatures, he has not the right to use other crea­tures for any conditions and does not respect their real statues. Because of the widespread use of experimental ani­mals in our country, special ethical codes should be redefined for living conditions of experimental animals based on the present regulations in Iran and also other countries. Therefore, all our researchers should have enough informa­tion about ethical codes of treating experimental ani­mals as well as Islamic principles in this regard. All Islamic and international sources related to treating animals and also valid international ethical guide­lines were collected and classified in order to extract the aimed points. Then all extracted points were reviewed by ex­perts famil­iar with Islamic and ethical rules of treating animals. Finally the strategies for appropriate and complete implementation of the national ethical guidelines of ani­mal re­search in Iran were suggested. It is obvious that the suggested principles are applicable only with appropriate planning of training courses based on the facilities and needs of our country.

Abstract: My main question in this article is as follows: "to which extent cultural diversity should be permitted to influence bio-ethical judgments?" There are cultural heritages, values and traditions which are acceptable and respectable and there are ones which are not so. In this article I concluded that our reasoning based on common ethical sense can guide us through such differentiations. Human dignity as a common notion among most alive cultures and religions thorough the world, can be relied for sketching a plan for further dialogues in this regard.

One of the most important subjects being discussed in the field of medical ethics is allocation of health care resources in large scales with regard to disease prevention and improvement of the social determinants of health. Justice in health care ethics, in its modern meaning, is not only allocation of scarce medical resources to already diseased persons, but also providing social conditions of life for all people to improve their health and prevention of diseases. This important subject has not been discussed sufficiently in the medical ethics literature in Iran and in the world. If medical ethics is aimed to improving public health, it should focus on the important subject of justice and its very implications on public health and social determinants of disease.

Background and Ïn this study, The prevalence of some of the most important and prevalente disorders, affecting the health status of children, has been assessed in primary schools children of Shiraz and the age- and sex-specific prevalence rate of these disorders has been calculated. Ïn addition, the prevalence rates were calculated in different regions of the city. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study and the sampling method was Multistage Random Sampling. The instrument was quastionnaire and the cases were examined by general practitioners. The research was done in 2001-2002 study year, The results were analyzed using Z test and Çhi Square test, at significance level of 0.05. The prevalence rates of studied disorders were: Ünderweight: 14.46%, Ôverweight: 2.96%, Visual acuity impairment: 7%, Hearing impairments: 0.92%, Dental carries 63.68%, Depression: 0.31%, Ënuresis: 1%, and Speech impediment: 0.77%. The most prevalent of which was dental carries, and the least prevalent disorder was depression (P<0.0001) implying the present need to dental and nutritional health promotion in the primary schools. Âmong the age- and sex-specifil prevalence rates, there were some significant differences, including: Ôverweight in girls was more prevalent than in boys (P<0.004), and underwight in the 7-8 year age group was more prevalente than in the 9-11 year age group (P<0.000001). This shows the importantc of nutrition and physical activities in the girls and in lower age groups. Çonclusion: We concluded, the total prevalences of mental disorders, showed significant differences among different regions of city (P<0.044) implying the need for more specific studies regarding mental disorders, specially in regions of the city with lower socio-economic levels.