فهرست مطالب afrouz mardi

Increasing the desire to have children is an important priority of the healthcare systems, which requires targeted planning. This paper describes the development of an intervention program using an intervention mapping approach (IMA) to increase the childbearing desires.

From July to November 2022, the steps of the IMA process were completed. Starting with needs assessment, in this stage, we conducted a literature review, created focus groups, and conducted interviews with local stakeholders; meanwhile, the program objectives and the target audience were determined. Then, the road map for targeted interventions was prepared.

The needs assessment completed questionnaires (n=1288), the literature review, 3 focus groups (n=25 participants), in addition to interviews (n=30 participants) indicated that the most effective factors in the parents’ childbearing low desires were concern about the future of their children, economic problems, low parenting skills, and low skills to interact with their spouse. According to the PRECEDE-PROCEED model awareness, attitude, and self-efficacy were categorized as determinants at the individual level, perceived subjective norm at the family level, and organizational changes at the social level based on the results of the needs assessment. The findings from each step of the process informed successive steps.

The IMA is a control-oriented, systematic, participation-based technique to design and implement targeted and ongoing health promotion programs. 

Women often have many reproductive health problems in developing countries. Economic and social factors play a vital role in health outcomes. This study aimed-predict women’s reproductive health from socio-economic status in Ardabil City, Iran in 2020.

A cross-sectional study was conducted based on a prospective cohort study in Ardabil in March 2020. Out of 9,000 eligible participants (35-70 years old and living in Ardabil), 368 women were included in the study with systematic random sampling. A checklist was used-collect all patient information from the Ardabil Persian Cohort study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and multivariate regression analysis. The significance level was 5%. Data were examined using statistical SPSS software, version 21.

The results showed a significant statistical relationship between socio-economic status and women’s reproductive health (P<0.001). Women with higher socio-economic status had fewer reproductive health issues, such as infertility (P<0.001), and tubectomy (P=0.004), abortion (P<0.001), stillbirth (P<0.001), atypical menopause (P<0.001) and hysterectomy (P=0.021).

The findings showed a significant inequality in reproductive health status among women who were at different socio-economic levels. Policymakers should consider these results-promote women’s reproductive health.

Urinary tract infection is still one of the most common diseases that affect pregnant women. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of sexual hygiene behaviors on urinary tract infection in pregnant women.

A case-control study was conducted on 100 pregnant women with urinary tract infection (case group) and 150 pregnant women without urinary tract infection (control group) in health centers of Ardabil city in 2020. Purposive sampling was done in 6-10 weeks of pregnancy. The information was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. SPSS 21 software was used for statistical analysis of data. The odds ratio (OR) of infection in both groups was estimated by logistic regression.

Sexual health behaviors in the majority of women of the case group (47%) were average (with score of 50.1-66), but in the majority of the control group (49.33%) were good (with score of 66.1-84) (p<0.001). Sexual intercourse 3 or more times in a week in the last 30 days was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (p=0.001). Spouse bathing before sexual intercourse was less in women in the case group than the control group (p=0.022). Statistically significant differences were observed in Pre-coital voiding (p=0.04), Post coital voiding (p=0.02) and post-coital bathing (p=0.03) in the two groups.

Sexual hygiene behaviors play an important role in preventing or contracting urinary tract infections. Therefore, training and improving hygiene behaviors in women and their spouses is an effective step in reducing urinary tract infections.

Adolescent women’s reproductive health is often neglected despite the high prevalence of early marriage. Since no appropriate scales were found to assess the health status of adolescent women, this study aimed to develop a reproductive health scale in married adolescent women in Iran and investigate its psychometric properties.

An exploratory mixed‑methods study was conducted in Ardabil healthcare centers (Ardabil City, Iran) between May 2017 and December 2018. In the qualitative phase, 14 semi‑structured in‑depth interviews were conducted with married adolescent women, and two focus group discussions were held with 12 key informants. In the quantitative phase, the initial scales were validated using face, content, and construct validities. In a cross‑sectional study among 300 women, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to assess the construct validity. Internal consistency and test‑retest methods were used to review. The initial scale was designed with 45 items, but only 30 items reached the construct validity stage. EFA revealed five factors that explained 50.96% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.75 estimates the reliability of the scale.

The qualitative study identified 76 items that reached 88 items through literature confirmed its reliability, and test‑retest with a two‑week interval confirmed its consistency (ICC = 0.99, p < 0.001). Finally, the scale was approved with 27 items and four domains: sexual, pregnancy and childbirth, psychosocial, and family planning.

This valid and reliable scale with cultural sensitivity can be used to help health professionals to improve the reproductive health of married adolescent women.

The world's population is aging and this trend continues. Older adults are living healthier and longer than in the last decades and their sexual function should also be considered along with their general health. This study aimed to examine the correlation between general health and sexual function in elderly women.

In this cross-sectional correlation study, 1245 women over 60 years old were selected in Ardabil health-care centers by a convenient sampling method. Demographic data of all participants were noted and general health and sexual function were evaluated by the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Questionnaire.

The participants' mean ± standard deviation age was 75.1 ± 7.2 years, most of the women (40.08%) were illiterate, and the majority of them were living with their married (44.81%) or single children (27.14%). The general health score for 380 older women (30.52%) was under 22 (healthy). About 60% of the women had engaged in sexual activity during the past 4 weeks, and the total mean score of FSFI was 17.36 ± 1.44. In addition, 84.33% of the women had sexual dysfunction (FSFI < 26.55). The age (P < 0.05), educational level (P < 0.001), living with children (P < 0.01), and general health status (P < 0.01) were found to be significantly related to sexual function. The total scores for FSFI and the scores for all domains except for satisfaction were in positive correlation with the score for the total and all domains of general health (P < 0.001).

Sexual function in elderly women is affected by several factors, such as general health. Therefore, to promote successful aging in women, sexual function and general health require more attention when implementing women's health initiatives.

The world's population is aging and the issue of sexual activity in elderly people is still a taboo in many cultures. The purpose of this study was to examine the sexual activity, interest and satisfaction in older women attended the Health Care Centers in the city of Ardabil-Northern Iran.

This Cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 married women over 60 years old who had been selected by convenient sampling method. Data were gathered anonymously by three questionnaires (Goldberg general health, FSFI and demographic information Questionnaires) and analyzed using SPSS software.

This study indicated that the mean age of participants was 71±6.8 years, 60% of the studied women had sexual activity and about half of them had interest in sex. Sexually active women were significantly younger (p<0.05) and more educated (p<0.001) than sexually inactive women. The participants’ sexual activity, interest in sex, emotional intimacy and sexual satisfaction with their husbands were significantly affected by the presence of children at home regardless of whether they are single or married (p<0.05)..

This study approved that despite misconceptions, older age and sexuality do not contradict each other and high education and having a private environment facilitate the intimate relationships and elevate their sexual satisfaction. The result of this study could help health care providers to provide appropriate and effective sexual healthcare services to older women.

  Despite the decline in mortality rates post coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), there are still high readmission rates during the first days after discharge, which is a multi-factorial issue. This study focuses on the identification of these factors.

In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2014, of the 2410 patients who underwent CABG in Tehran Heart Center, 1597 were eligible for inclusion in the study. Demographic characteristics and data related to surgery and post-operative complications were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 20.

The results showed that 9.1% of the patients were readmitted during the first 30 days after discharge due to different complaints. The most common complaints included pleural effusion (22.75%) and deep sternal infection, (11.7%). Regarding co-morbidities, 28.5%, 50.3%, and 55.5% of the patients had diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension, respectively. The mean interval between admission and surgery was 8.12±9.31 days, the mean interval between the incidence of clinical complaints and the operation was 20.32±14 days, and the mean interval between discharge and readmission was 15.24±7.08 days.

Discussion & Readmission within 30 days post CABG occurs because of the important complications of this surgery. It seems that the main causes of readmission are patient’s general preoperative conditions, such as advanced age, co-morbidities, and general underlying conditions.

In the view of the importance of evidence-based clinical practice in recent years, clinical disciplines such as nursing and midwifery have found a special need to systematic review and meta-analysis. However, systematic reviews and meta-analysises like any other studies may be poorly designed and implemented. Therefore, certain guidelines have been considered for reporting of such studies. The PRISMA statement is one of the most recent developments to improve the reporting quality of systematic reviews. The present study aimed to assess the reporting quality of systematic reviews and meta-analysises in the Iranian journals of Nursing and Midwifery, based on the PRISMA statement.Methods & Materials: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive search on the Iranian journals of Nursing and Midwifery (Persian and English), indexed by the SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Iranmedex and Google Scholar databases during 2010 to 2015 years. The search was implemented using the key words such as systematic review and meta-analysis. Of the 44 articles found, after considering the inclusion criteria, 16 articles remained that were investigated using the PRISMA statement. Data were analyzed through the descriptive statistics and chi-square test using SPSS software version 16. The compliance rate of studies on the basis of PRISMA statement was estimated to be about 63%. The most common deficiency in the reporting quality was related to methodology estimated to be about 57%. The most visible deficiencies in the reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analysises were related to bias in the primary studies and bias in combining the results of these studies and lack of reporting these biases. In this study, the reporting quality of systematic reviews and meta-analysises in the Iranian journals of nursing and midwifery was in the moderate level. The most probable reason for this may be the lack of enough attention of researchers to the PRISMA statement or not using this statement in reviewing articles. Therefore, it is recommended that an appropriate share of the educational programs on research methodology be allocated to systematic reviews and familiarizing with valid criteria such as PRISMA statement.