ahmed kareem aldulaimi

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have become a highly promising porous material for the detection of cancer biomarkers due to their special characteristics, such as permanent porosity and tuneable pore size. Such advantages make MOFs well-suited for use in biosensing applications. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the use of MOFs in the electrochemical detection of bioorganic materials has been provided. We begin by discussing the adjustable surface areas and porosity of MOFs, which are crucial for their applicability in biosensing. The ability to control the porosity of MOFs allows for the efficient capture and detection of specific biomarkers. Furthermore, the presence of functional sites on MOF surfaces enhances their sensitivity and selectivity towards target molecules. In the next step, we investigated different biosensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers that have used MOF to improve their performance. These biosensors utilize the unique properties of MOFs to selectively bind and detect specific biomarkers associated with different types of cancer. The high sensitivity and selectivity of these biosensors make them promising tools for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring.

One of the important molecules in homeostasis, especially for hormone metabolism, cellular membrane production, and vitamin D synthesis is cholesterol. However, studies showed that increased levels of this molecule would be associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases including heart failure and myocardial infarction (MI). Thus, the measurement of the blood level of cholesterol is an important step for early detection and prevention of several diseases. Electrochemical sensors with high accuracy could be useful for the detection of cholesterol in body fluids. Due to the outstanding chemical and physical properties that nanoparticles possess, they are perfectly suited for the development of new and improved sensing devices. In particular, electrochemical sensors and biosensors are two types of sensing devices that could benefit from the use of nanoparticles. Many different kinds of nanoparticles, such as metal nanoparticles, oxide nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, and even composite nanoparticles, have found widespread application in electrochemical sensors and biosensors, respectively. This review has covered a variety of electrochemical biosensors for cholesterol detection, including conductometric, amperometric, and potentiometric-based biosensors, as well as their detection techniques and limitations.