ali dadashpoor

In Closed Chain kinetic problem, Foot Hyperpronation leads to lower extremity weakness. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of closed chain hip exercise in correcting foot hyperpronation. Thirty male subjects with foot hyperpronation participated in this study and were divided into case and control groups. First foot hyperpronation was measured by goniometer and the strength of hip abductor and lateral rotator muscles assessed using hand-held dynamometer, then the interventional group participated in closed-chain hip rotation strengthening exercises three days a week for six weeks. The control group asked to continue their daily activity. After a 6 weeks, Foot hyperpronation and muscles strength were measured again. Data analysis with paired and independent samples t test was performed (p≤ 0/05). There was significant increase between pre¬ and post-tests in the strength of hip abductor and external rotator muscles and foot hyperpronation in the case group while no differences was found in the control group. Also, both groups at pre-test, had no significant differences in the strength of hip abductor and external rotator muscles and foot hyperpronation however, significant differences were observed in the post test. Body components such as rings are linked together like a chain that each them affects others, thus after performing weight-bearing closed chain hip rotation exercise and increasing muscles strength of proximal lower extremity it can be correct foot hyperpronation in distal lower extremity.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders of old age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an aquatic exercise program on the depression levels of the elderly male people. Thirty elderly male subjects (mean age: 68. 46 ± 5. 19 y، mean weight: 64. 66 ±4. 72 kg، mean height: 167 ± 4. 25 m) were randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group. The experimental group participated in aquatic exercises three days a week for six weeks. The control group asked to continue their routine activities. Depression levels were evaluated using Beck test in two groups before and after the aquatic exercises. Descriptive statistics، independent and paired samples t test applied for statistical analysis (P ≤ 0. 05). Paired sample t test showed that depression status significantly differed between pre- and post-treatments for the experimental group while no differences observed in the control group. Also significant differences were seen between two groups. Aquatic exercise was successful in significantly decreasing older men’s depression and can be considered as an effective intervention.