فهرست مطالب ali haghbin

Acute respiratory infections and especially pneumonia are considered as the most important infection-induced cause of child mortality in developing countries. We aimed to investigate the effect of prescribing zinc sulfate on improving the clinical symptoms of pneumonia in 2-59-month-old children.

This clinical trial study was performed on 108 children complaining of fever, coughs, and tachypnea referring to three educational hospitals of Mashhad (Ghaem, Imam Reza, and Dr. Sheikh). The patients were randomly assigned into control (n=54), and intervention (n=54). In the control group placebo was prescribed, while the intervention group received oral zinc sulfate 10 mg (1 ml/ kg in children younger than one year, and 20 mg/kg for children above one year every 12 hours. During hospitalization, every 12 hours the clinical symptoms of both groups including tachypnea, duration of fever, coughs, intercostal retraction, hypoxia, crackles-wheezing, and duration of hospitalization were recorded. At the beginning and end of the treatment, two blood samples were taken for determining the serum level of zinc.

The findings indicated that the serum level of zinc sulfate after the intervention increased significantly in the intervention group (p <0.001). There was a significant difference in the duration of fever between the intervention and control groups 24 hours after hospitalization (p=0.014) and 36 hours post-hospitalization (p=0.02). Comparing the presence or absence of tachypnea in the intervention and control groups, there was a significant difference at 36 hours post-hospitalization (p=0.02).

Based on the results, zinc supplement was effective for patients with pneumonia in reducing the duration of fever and number of breaths, but it had no significant effect on the duration of coughs and hospitalization.

Plants have a range of phenolic compounds that have antioxidant properties and these natural antioxidants reduce the risk of cancer by protecting cells and increasing the strength of antioxidants in the plasma. The aim of this study was evaluated cytotoxicity effects of methanol extract of Johreniopsis stricticaulis on MCF-7 cell line.

After collection of Johreniopsis stricticaulis, the plant was dried and powdered. Methanol extract was obtained by maceration method. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were evaluated by DPPH and folin-ciocalteu methods; cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 was evaluated by MTT method.

The methanolic extract of the plant in the pre flowering stage had a higher phenol content and this extract had higher antioxidant activity. Cytotoxicity effect was measured at different times (24, 48, 72 hours); methanol extract in pre-flowering stage possessed no inhibitory effect on cell growth, but in past-flowering stage was effective (IC50 ≥ 300μg/ml, 234.1 ± 6.1, 246.3 ± 5.5).

The results of this study showed that plant collection stage is effective on plant characteristics, this is due to the type of compounds in plant. As the plant passes from the flowering stage, some of the compounds may be destroyed. On the other hand, due to little cytotoxic effect on this cell line; so cytotoxic effect on other cell lines were recommended.

Despite years of scientific research, the true cause of neonatal colic is still unclear. In fact, the cause of the infantile colic is considered multi-factorial and it is not known whether the physiological or psychosocial factors are responsible for creating these conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between demographic variables and religious attitudes in pregnant women with incidence of colic in infants. This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 300 pregnant women referred to women and midwifery departments of educational hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The newborn babies of these mothers from October 2015 to October 2017 were examined for incidence of colic. The information about the occurrence of colic and religious attitude of mothers was done by a researcher-made questionnaire as well as maternal case and birth case records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient test using SPSS software version 20. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between the religious attitude of the pregnant mother and the history of colic in her offspring with colic incidence in infants (P 0.05). Considering the positive impact of mothers' religious attitudes on reducing the incidence of neonatal colic, paying more attention to the spiritual dimension of human existence and planning to promote it in pregnant women, should be considered.

The genus Ferula L. includes perennial flowering plants belonging to the Apiaceae family. This genus is a rich source of biologically active phytochemicals such as sulfur-containing derivatives, coumarins, sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpene lactones, sesquiterpene coumarins, glucuronic acid, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, and daucane esters. Over the last decade, considerable attention has been paid to biological activities of these compounds; it is assumed that the most prominent biological features of the genus Ferula are their cytotoxic effects. This article discusses cytotoxic activity of the genus Ferula and their important compounds.
In this mini-review article, papers published from 1990 to April 2016 were included and the following information was discussed; cytotoxic activity of the genus Ferula and their important compounds, the type of cell line used in vitro, concentrations of the extracts/active compound that were used, and the underlying mechanisms of action through which Ferula-related chemicals induced cytotoxicity. In addition, we explained different mechanisms of action through which the active constituents isolated from Ferula, could decrease cellular growth.
It is highly recommended that potent and effective compounds that were isolated from Ferula plants and found to be appropriate as adjuvant therapy for certain diseases, should be identified. Also, the versatile biological activities of sesquiterpene coumarins suggest them as promising agents with a broad range of biological applications to be used in the future

Congenital tuberculosis is an infrequently encountered condition and only 300 cases were reported in the literature till 1989. There are no specific signs and symptoms pathognomonic for congenital TB, and the devastating consequences in the absence of early therapy signify the importance of early diagnosis and treatment during the neonatal period.
In this paper we report on a case of congenital TB in a newborn who was admitted to our clinic with seizures and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) due to TB meningitis. Her mother was diagnosed with active pulmonary TB and treated with a multi-drug anti-tuberculosis regimen. Her screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was negative. Cerebrospinal fluid was collected and showed protein levels at 300 mg/dL, glucose at 27 mg/dL (serum glucose level was 76 mg/dL), many RBC, and a positive result for acid-fast bacilli on smear microscopy, all of which were compatible with tuberculous meningitis.
It is important to consider TB meningitis in newborns with perinatal IVH and concomitant hydrocephalus particularly when the mother has a history of TB prior to or during pregnancy.

Depression is a commomn common psychiatric disordersdisorder.. The Sever severe form of depression, that callled call.ed as. major depression, has many effects on the mental health of patient's patients. It may even lead to health including. suicidal attempt. Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) is still the most effective treatment for major depression. The purpose of this studyis comparison ofof the present study was to compare two anesthetic induction ketamin and thiopental Na for ECT in major depression disorder patients. The current study was done as a double blind randomized clinical trial on 60 patients with psychiatric disorders; 30 of whom were administered ketamin. and 30. thiopental Na. . Then, the patient's responses to treatment in the form of energy expenditure, duration of seizures, and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS) were evaluated. The obtained data was analyzed by means of Chi-square and mann-whitney tests using SPSS. Software (V:21). Rate of depression (ketamin:22.50±5.50 and thiopental Na:30.05 ±7.95) and energy expenditure (ketamin: 81.33±3.31 and thiopental Na:85.33 ±11.34) was higher in thiopental Na. Changes in rate of depression showed significant difference between the two groups but Changes in energy expenditure showed no significant difference.. . Furthermore, duration of seizures (ketamin:35.46±7.93 and thiopental Na:30.09 ±14.38) was higher in ketamin group; therefore,the difference was significant. Severity of depression and seizure duration changes showed that ketamin is better than thiopental Na. Thus, it seems that ketamin administration can be used as an alternative method of anesthesia in depression patients that candidate for ECT..