ali hemmati

This study compares the use of heteroglossic engagement resources in the discussions of MA theses rated as good versus excellent written by Iranian EFL students majoring in TEFL. Engagement, a subsystem of the Appraisal model within Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), deals with writers’ authorial voice and how they position their voice with regard to, and engage with, alternative voices and positions in a communicative context. The final corpus of the study consisted of 24 MA theses in TEFL from four universities in Iran divided into two groups of theses rated as good and excellent based on the scores awarded to them and the raters’ reassessment. In addition to a qualitative analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the data. The results showed that heteroglossic resources were not equally employed by the authors. Although there was a correlation between the use of heteroglossic resources in the theses and their assigned rates, authors of excellent theses utilized more expand values compared to good theses. The qualitative analysis revealed that writers of excellent theses were more successful in expressing their authorial stance through dialogically contractive and expansive resources. Moreover, the results provide evidence that heteroglossic engagement resources are helpful in writing academically acceptable texts.

In 2014, about 600 million people worldwide were obese, representing a 100 percent increase over the past 25 years. It has been suggested that certain food addictions may be a contributing factor to overeating and subsequent obesity. Food addiction is a controversial issue that, despite its many commonalities with the use of substances such as tobacco and alcohol, as well as the similarities with gambling behavioral addiction listed in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, is still officially It is not recognized as a disorder. Proponents of the food addiction hypothesis believe that some low-energy, high-nutrition foods (or ingredients such as salt, sugar, and fat) can cause addiction in those who consume them. People with addictive eating behaviors get most of their energy from high-energy, packaged, and processed foods, and research-based evidence has shown biochemical and behavioral similarities between binge eating and psychotropic dependence. . Foods that have the potential to cause addiction include sugary foods, carbohydrates, fatty foods, sweet and fatty and processed foods, fast foods as well as foods high in salt. The growing use of fast foods is a concern for experts in this field, as it can lead to obesity and disease. Salt, sugar and fat added to food create a taste that increases people's desire to consume these foods.

Viral hepatitis is one of the world’s top five infectious diseases that cause premature death. Each year, at least one million people die from these infections worldwide. This study investigated the epidemiological features and trend of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in Abadan City, southern Iran. This cross-sectional study was performed on recorded data of HBV and HCV infections from the notifiable disease surveillance system of Abadan University of Medical Sciences from 2014 to 2020. The incidence per 100,000 population for HBV and HCV infections has been calculated by study years and age groups. The chi-square test was applied to compare various types of infections. The average age of the participants was 40.47±13.20, ranging from 1-88 years. This study estimated the prevalence of HBsAg-positive cases from 2014 to 2020 as 1.53, 6.92, 7.07, 7.07, 8.15, 3.23, and 3.38 per 100,000, respectively. Also, the incidence of HCV-infected cases during these years were 3.23, 6.46, 11.84, 6.46, 8.92, and 2.15 per 100,000 populations, respectively. The average age of patients varied widely based on the type of hepatitis (P=0.001) so that the mean age in HBV-infected patients was 41.06±12.41 years, 41.76±12.99 years in HCV-infected and 22.93±18.02 years in HBV/HCV-infected patients. The findings of this study suggest a lower prevalence of hepatitis B and C compared to other regional studies conducted in Iran. In recent years, the incidence of HBV and HCV has declined, indicating the successful implementation of the vaccination plan and observance of health tips in Abadan.

Factors such as improving living conditions, increasing life expectancy and lifespan in the elderly have led to an increase in the elderly in various societies, including Iran and old age has more leisure than youth due to age conditions and reduced work activity ratio, Therefore, the aim of this study was to foresight the leisure time of the elderly based on the physical activity approach.

Using the model of causal layered analysis, in four levels of litany analysis, social causes, discourse and worldview and myth, this research investigates the approach of the layered causal method to the problem. Therefore, by studying the sources in the research literature, interviewing sports and futures research experts and using causal layered analysis, describes the problem four levels.

causal layered analysis of the elderly's leisure was defined by the physical activity and exercise approach with 27 indicators and showed that the existence of problems at the four levels is necessary in order to take a more comprehensive look at the nature of problems and issues and to create intellectual order in a structured confrontation with problems.

The results showed that in order to plan and accurate policies to meet the needs of the elderly especially in the field of sports and physical activities in the form of leisure, attention to the layer of discourse and myths and metaphors causes the set of constructive actions in these layers to solve some issues at higher levels lead to a bedrock for active Elderly.

The sudden outbreak of Covid 19 disease, a deadly disease worldwide, has caused widespread psychological and physical problems. Due to the importance of prevention and control of psychological disorders in exposed individuals, the present study was conducted to investigate the degree of depression, stress, and anxiety due to the prevalence of Covid 19 disease in Ahvaz. In this study, 513 people in the general population of Ahvaz who had access to the Internet were surveyed online. The research instruments were the demographic profile form and the Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Scale (Dass-21). Based on the scale, people are divided into five categories: normal, mild, moderate, severe, and very severe. A higher score on this scale indicates more psychological disorders indicating poorer mental health. Most of the participants were women, and most of them were between 30 and 39 years old. The majority of people were married. Most people were self-employed and had a bachelor's degree. The mean score for depression was 8.53±7.91, the means score for stress was 10.63±9.38, and the means score for anxiety was 6.14±7.16. Employment gender variables were associated with depression, stress, and anxiety (P <0.05), and age, marital status, and education were not significantly associated (P <0.05). During the outbreak of Covid 19 disease, the mental health of people in the community was more threatened and declined, leading to psychological disorders. The need for constant and timely presence and psychological considerations by psychologists is essential.

Corrosion is one of the most important and common factors in the destruction of structures. Among all kinds of structures, corrosion of submerged structures is of great importance and prevalence due to the impossibility of direct visibility, high reconstruction cost and special environmental conditions. The work done in the field of corrosion of these structures has mainly dealt with modeling the problem in the form of mathematical formulation or using soft computing methods. The work that has established the connection between these two methods has not been done, to the best of our knowledge. This article aims to develop a model in order to estimate the chloride diffusion coefficient in rebar corrosion in submerged concrete structures. Present study seeks to address the estimation of chloride diffusion coefficient, which is one of the determinant factors in computing the corrosion time/rate of rebar’s. In this article, using the Monte Carlo sampling method and the formulas available for chloride diffusion coefficient, we produced 2000 artificial data samples. A variety of methods such as support vector machines (e.g., linear, quadratic, cubic, Gaussian), K-nearest neighbors (fine, medium, coarse KNN), and two methods of ensemble learning (bagged tree, subspace discriminant) are applied to predict the chloride diffusion coefficient. The results indicated that the quadratic support vector method (with 93.5% accuracy) is the best technique in estimating the chloride diffusion coefficient. Best KNN model (medium KNN) and best ensemble method (bagged tree) have accuracy of 59.9% and 81.3%, resp.

Today, many strategies have been proposed to improve the behavior of tall buildings under seismic load. Drifts, torsion, and structure period are essential parameters affecting high-rise building behavior. In addition, the stress concentration at the end wing of shear walls is another critical subject in high-rise buildings, which was resolved using end shear walls. The end shear wall connects the end of two shear walls in high-rise buildings without opening. In this study, a new end shear wall connects the end of shear walls in a high-rise building with regular openings (ESWO). Therefore, two 30-story RC buildings with and without end shear walls with opening were modeled by a nonlinear time history analysis under seismic load. The drift was decreased by 49% in a 30-story building with a new end shear wall. Moreover, the residual displacement of 30-story buildings with end shear walls with opening was decreased by 67%.. The time history nonlinear analysis investigation indicated that the end shear walls with opening declined the maximum displacement by 62% in tall buildings by Open Sees software. The reduction of the standard deviation of data increased the confinement in 30-story drifts in the X and Y directions by end shear walls with opening. Based on the results, the performance of the end shear walls with the opening was appropriate in the seismic behavior of high-rise buildings.

The present study was conducted with the aim of pathologizing the current status of the teacher-researcher program (research in practice) and providing solutions to strengthen and expand it in the Iranian education system. The type of research is qualitative and phenomenological design has been used and semi-structured interview tools were used to collect data, so that research questions were answered through interviews with information groups. The face and content validity of the interview was reviewed and finally confirmed by several experts in the field of action research. To determine the "reliability of data", two criteria used by qualitative study experts were used, including: reliability and acceptability. The statistical population included all research teachers, principals and research experts of Kermanshah province, from which 30 people from all three groups were selected by purposive sampling. The results showed that the most important obstacles to the implementation of the teacher-researcher program were: cultural, managerial and administrative barriers, dissemination and application, motivation, implementation and content, and in the presentation of solutions, the results showed that Awareness-raising, motivational incentives and content improvement are effective in strengthening and expanding the teacher-researcher program in the education system.

Communicative and natural processing of language in the world of translation is substantiated through simultaneous decoding and encoding of information in the source and target languages. The researchers analy zed pragmatic strategies and approaches undertaken by the Persian and Kurdish translators of the Quranic discourse marker thumma. The source text corpus was selected randomly and the target text parallel corpora were selected based on purposive sampling. Theoretical perspectives in pragmatics and translation were employed in the analysis of parallel corpora in this investigation. The results revealed that various types and combinations of the Kurdish and Persian temporal discourse markers were utilized by these translators. Moreover, other Kurdish and Persian elaborative, contrastive, and inferential discourse markers were also used in rendering the discourse marker thumma in the Quran. This dynamic approach to the construction of discourse was substantiated based on the realization of different conventions in the construction of discourse in different languages and cultures. This dynamic system in the construction of a proper discourse for the readers is verified based on the application of different theories in discourse analysis and pragmatics and the application of context and text-sensitive strategies in the process of translation. The characteristics, bases, and resources of these dynamic translation strategies are discussed based on pragmatic awareness rising in various aspects of translation education and some suggestions were offered in the application of the findings in syllabus design, translation evaluation, and rethinking of approaches in lexicography.

The concrete structures exposed to the earthquake have the potential of cracking and reduction in stiffness and strength. Because of their low deformability, there would be some cracking and plastic hinging in the moment-resisting frame. The utilization of dampers is a solution to improve the behavior of the constructed structures. Dampers play a crucial role in improving structural performance level and bearing capacity. In the present study, 9 concrete frames were tested, and steel yield dampers have been used for the seismic rehabilitation of the concrete moment-resisting frames. The yield dampers elements are ADAS dampers (Added Damping and Stiffness) connected to the concrete frame using steel braces. The concentric-type steel braces connect the dampers and concrete beams. Furthermore, to investigate the influence of the braces on the structure’s strength and behavior three concentrated braces have been installed in the structure. The structure in which ADAS dampers was employed demonstrated more strength and less recorded damages than the simple moment-resisting frame. In the present study, the effect of braces and dampers have been investigated in the behavior of the structure, cracking, and strength. The strength of the frames was increased by 48% and 21% by employing steel braces and yield dampers in the concrete frames, respectively, comparing the control frame.

COVID-19 emerged in China for the first time, and spread rapidly in the world and in Iran. It caused the death of many people. This study was performed to estimate the years of life lost due to COVID-19 in southwestern Iran. In this cross-sectional study, deaths due to COVID-19 were investigated from February 20, 2020 to November 20, 2020 in southwestern Iran. Descriptive analyses included: sex ratio of deaths, mean and standard deviation of quantitative variable of age at the time of death, and specific ages-sex mortality rates. Years of life lost due to COVID-19 were estimated using standard life expectancy and lifetime table of the World Health Organization in 2015. The number of deaths due to COVID-19 was 938 cases. The sex ratio of mortality (male to female) was 1.2, and the people over the age of 80 years had the highest mortality rates in both sexes. The total number of years of life lost was 13205 years, and the 60-69 age group had the highest years of life lost. Based on the findings of our study, health policymakers need to implement timely strategies and plans to reduce deaths especially for the possibleadvent of the next wave of COVID-19.

All countries consider good health as the most valuable asset of the most basic rights of the people of their country, and one of the things they seek to achieve in order to achieve this goal is sports. Exercise has been considered by health policy makers as an important factor in promoting health and prevention mechanisms. In this context, principled attention to national sports is a very important necessity and requires the identification of drivers and related scenarios. The purpose of this study is to develop health policy strategies with a national sports scenario approach.

The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied-developmental purpose and based on the method of data collection and analysis.

According to the findings of this study, 30 drivers were identified in six general categories: social, technological, environmental, economic, political and value. Four future alternative scenarios were created with the titles of Green Land, Health Seekers Land, Static Land and Desert Land, which is the Green Land scenario, the preferred scenario of national sports and Iranian society in health policy making.

According to the results of research in sports-based health policy of the country, all the drivers, especially the strategic drivers of the welfare movement, managerial skills and sufficient budget and leading scenarios in order to be more successful in this field should be considered.

Reusing recycled materials is one of the most important issues in the world for achieving sustainable development. Polyethylene Terephthalate, rubber, and glass particles are used instead of sand or cement in the concrete industry in recent years. In this paper, three groups of concrete mix designs with different water-to-cement ratios are investigated. Experimental specimens of each group consist of PET, rubber, and glass particles partially replacing natural fine aggregates by 5, 10, and 15 percent. These waste materials are used separately and in combination with each to study the mechanical properties of the concrete. Compressive and flexural strengths of concrete under different freezing and thawing cycles are investigated. The compressive strain of the recycled concrete was studied too. Results show that PET and rubber particles have decreasing effect on both compressive and flexural strengths of concrete and an increasing effect on compressive ultimate strains compared to those of reference specimens. But, the glass particles often have increasing and decreasing effects on strengths and strains respectively compared to those of reference specimens. The compressive strength of frozen-thawed recycled specimens is about 5 % more than that of the frozen-thawed reference specimen. Moreover, In combined PET and glass specimens, the experimental compressive and flexural strengths increased compared to only PET specimens and in combined PET-glass and PET-rubber specimens, the ultimate strain increased compared to that of glass concrete.

Lateral bearing systems affect tall structures’ behavior against lateral forces. Shear walls are one of the influential structural members against lateral forces. However, the ends of shear walls undergo severe stress under lateral forces connected to a reinforced concrete shear wall called end shear wall to improve the end structure behavior of the shear walls. Adding the end shear wall by joining the ends of the shear walls strengthened the roof rigidity and decreased the stress intensity at the concrete core end. This study modeled two 30-story concrete structures with frame and reinforced concrete shear walls with and without end shear walls to evaluate the end shear walls’ behavior. First, the structure members were simulated in OpenSees to check the non-linear behavior. Then, the structures were subjected to remote domain records to examine the fragility curves. The results indicated that the end shear wall increased the maximum acceleration at maximum probability in low, medium, severe, and complete collapse states by 50, 28, 27, and 38%, respectively. The fragility curves showed a more appropriate behavior of the 30-story structure with end shear walls in low, medium, high, and complete damage states. This system is more efficient than others since the end shear wall cuts the initial period of the structure in half (from 4 to 2s in a 30-story structure with an end wall). This drastic decrease can add stories to the building. Stairs and elevators can be built into the structure instead of the end shear wall for more flexibility.

A review of the damages caused by previous earthquakes shows that a significant number of the structures constructed in the country are neither earthquake-resistant nor have enough strength. Consequently, reliable, fast, and easy retrofitting methods are needed to improve these structures to withstand lateral forces. In the present study, 9 concrete frames were tested, and yielding steel dampers have been used for the seismic rehabilitation of the concrete moment-resisting frames. TADAS (Triangular-plate Added Damping and Stiffness) dampers are attached to the concrete frame using steel braces. The dampers and concrete beams are connected with concentric steel braces. Moreover, three concentric braces have been installed to investigate the influence of the braces on the strength and behavior of the structure. Compared to the moment-resisting frame, the structure that used TADAS dampers exhibited greater strength and recorded fewer damages. Cyclic displacement loading was applied to these frames, and their characteristics, including strength and crack, were investigated. In comparison with the control frame, the steel braces and yield dampers increased the structural strength of the concrete frames by 48% and 28%, respectively.

Insufficient separation distance between two adjacent buildings can cause to collision when large lateral displacements are accrued due to seismic excitation. The impact force between structures induces many serious damages, which is called building pounding. In this study, pounding between two dynamic models is investigated and the impact force is numerically calculated. The impact is simulated based on special elements, including spring and dashpot, and the impact force and dissipated energy during the impact are determined. Both mentioned parameters depend significantly on the impact velocity, spring stiffness and the value of damping. For this purpose, the impact velocity of collision is parametrically measured and subsequently, coefficient of restitution is automatically determined. Furthermore, the impact damping ratio and nonlinear stiffness of spring are calculated to evaluate the impact between models. Finally, a new equation is presented to determine the value of damping and the accuracy of formula is confirmed, which is verified by three various approaches. In the first stage, an experimental test is considered and the peak impact force is extracted when a concrete ball is dropped on a rigid concrete surface. On the other hand, a numerical simulation is similarly assumed and the suggested formula is used to determine the peak impact force during collision. Then, the results of the peak impact forces between experimentally and numerically analyses are compared, which shows both are close to each other. Secondly, an estimated impact between two bodies has been studied. The results of the analysis are also compared between the dissipated and kinetic energies during impact. The comparisons indicate relatively low errors between the calculated and assumed values of the coefficient of restitution when the proposed equation is used. Finally, a value of the coefficient of restitution is selected and an impact is simulated to show hysteresis loop. The enclosed area of each loop is calculated as the dissipated energy and compared with the energy absorption. The above three comparisons show that the proposed formula is very effective and the accuracy of the impact force, calculated by the suggested formula as a parameter of the impact force model, is also acceptable.

One of the most important structural features is fundamental vibration period which depends significantly on the inherent characteristics of structures. Seismic codes and some researchers estimate experimentally and mathematically fundamental vibration period using the number of stories or the overall height of the building. The consequences of evaluating the various relationships have been resulted based on structural height, mass, stiffness and number of stories. As the overall height and the number of stories do not make difference between regular and irregular structures, so it seems that mass and stiffness of each story is so important in zone of building vibration period. Considering the importance of irregular buildings, a new relationship proposed to determine fundamental natural period of vibration for elastic regular and irregular buildings in height using artificial neural network. The accuracy of the proposed relationship is perfectly validated and confirmed by numerical calibrations and matrix analyses.

Undoubtedly, bridges have substantially effect in metropolitan areas and are usually built to connect between two roads in order to decrease traffic. Pounding, is one of the important parameters to design different bridges Pounding, is one of the important parameters to design different bridges as this structures should be controlled during seismic excitation to provide safety conditions in order to organize and support unpredictable situations. During very strong earthquake, bridges may experience large horizontal relative displacement, which may lead to pounding if sufficient gap size is not considered between adjacent slabs of bridge. Insufficient separation distance is naturally caused to collide between two slabs and, subsequently, stiffness of bridge is decreased and finally, collapse is occurred. In order to determine critical distance between two slabs, a mathematical program is used based on neural network to coordinate the result of analyses in order to calculate sufficient separation distance for avoiding collisions during earthquake.

One of the factors that can affect the growth and development of a region is migration, as one of the most important arguments that can be made about the authenticity and legitimacy of the growth and development of a region is its ability to control population displacement and migration. Migration is a process that changes the rate of population growth or the rate of growth of labor supply. Immigration itself has many social, cultural and economic implications in both migrant and migrant countries. Given the large volume of domestic and foreign migration in our country, which according to experts and officials of the Ministry of Interior has reached the point of crisis, the main question of the article is what effect this crisis has on the political, geographical and economic balance between geographical areas. Does Iran allow immigrant areas? The hypothesis that we are trying to examine in this article is that there seems to be a positive and significant relationship between the current migration crisis and the imbalance of political, geographical and economic balance between the geographical regions of Iran's first immigrant and non-migrant regions. has it. This article is done using explanatory analytical method and using library resources and articles and macro documents. The method of data collection is also library and also the use of scientific-research articles. The tool is data collection and the use of tables and graphs as well as maps.

Reinforced concrete bridges are one of the most important structural elements in road and rail transportation systems. The use of cement-based alternative materials that have a better tensile behavior than concrete is always considered. The material of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite (HPFRCC) is of more resistance and ductility than normal concrete in tension, due to the strain hardening behavior under tension after formation of first cracking and bridges between the cracks by the fibers present in this material. In this study, the behavior of concrete and HPFRCC columns in bridges, that are under the eccentric load due to the dead load of the bridge deck, using finite element method with ABAQUS software, and theoretical method after validation with based on the experimental approach, have been compared. Also, in reinforced HPFRCC column, the effects of peak compressive stress, ultimate tension strain of HPFRCC and longitudinal reinforcement on variation of axial load-bending moment interaction curve have been investigated. The results show that the load carrying capacity of reinforced concrete and HPFRCC columns in the compression control area of axial load-bending load interaction curve is almost close to each other. But, the amount of balanced eccentricity and load carrying capacity of the HPFRCC column in the tension control area curve is higher than of the reinforced concrete column due to the change of the HPFRCC behavior in the tension compared to the concrete. The value of this increase in load carrying capacity varies and depends on the amount of eccentricity of axial load and is between 5.2% and 42.7%. Also, the amount of increase in balanced eccentricity is equal to 20%.

The mineralogical and textural characteristics of rock materials have an important influence on physico-mechanical properties. The effects of some textural characteristics like grain size (Brace, 1961), grain shape (Cox and Budhu, 2008), grain surface (Diepenbroek et al., 1992), grain size distribution (Gurkan Ozgurel and Vipulanandan, 2005), and grains interlocking (Hoek, 1965) on physico-mechanical behavior of rock materials has always been emphasized. On the other hand, it has been found that textural properties are originally controlled by the mineralogy and chemistry of rock materials (Locat et al., 1984). Knowing the textural, mineralogical and chemical properties of rock materials and understanding the governing relationships can help us predict the quantitative and qualitative behavior of rock materials. The aim of this study is to investigate the interrelationships among the various textural properties besides the relationship between the textural characteristics and the mineralogy and chemical composition.

Adding steel braces to reinforced concrete frames is a common way for seismic rehabilitation of these structures. Due to ease of installation and the possibility of creating openings in the braced bays, this method of rehabilitation has been more preferred than using shear walls. In this paper, three experimental specimens including a reinforced concrete frame, a reinforced concrete frame with concentric bracing and a reinforced concrete frame with eccentric bracing are constructed and their cyclic behavior investigated and compared with each other. Results show that the ultimate loads of the both concrete frames with concentric and eccentric braces are about 2.11 and 1.9 times more than that of reinforced concrete frame, respectively. Ductility of rehabilitated frame by eccentric bracing is more than that of reinforced concrete frame and rehabilitated frame by concentric bracing too. Moreover, the absorbed energy of the rehabilitated frames with eccentric and concentric bracing is about 1.98 and 1.63 times more than that of concrete frame.

The strength and ductility of concrete are improved under multi-axial compressive stress due to confinement effect. Some effective parameters for concrete confinement are longitudinal and transverse steel reinforcement. Some stress-strain relations for confined concrete with steel reinforcement have been proposed by different researchers. In this paper, various stress strain models with considering the steel confinement effect are reviewed briefly and used for simulating the lateral behavior of on an experimental reinforced concrete frame. Envelope curves, tension damage, yielding patterns, ductility ratio and energy absorption of the frames are discussed. Results from the finite element analysis compared with experimental findings show that in the case of lateral load and displacement, the analytical models which were presented by Fafitis et al. and Muguruma et al. had more compatibility with experimental results and the difference is less than 10%. Energy absorption of the model which was proposed by Khaje Samani & Attard had the most compatibility with experimental results and difference is about 1%.

High performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCC) are cement matrices with strain hardening behavior under tension loading. In these composites, the cement mortar with only fine aggregates is reinforced by random distributed fibers. In this material, multiple cracking in the HPFRCC occurs due to bridging mechanism of the fibers and subsequently, the strain hardening behavior is observed. In this paper, based on an experimental work, HPFRCC layers with different thicknesses and different lengths are used in lieu of normal concrete. Compressive and tensile strengths of the HPFRCC material are variable in these analytical models too. Finite element approach is used to investigate the effect of these parameters on the capacity of the reinforced concrete beam. Results show that increasing the compressive and tensile strength of the HPFRCC layers concludes to more final load and more ductility of the analytical beams. But this increasing effect is not significant. Moreover, increasing the thickness and length of the HPFRCC material concludes to more final load and more ductility in the retrofitted models. The ductility of the full HPFRCC beam is about 1.39 times more than that of the reinforced concrete beam.

The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), their benefits, dangers, safety and their limitations is the subject of scientific, political and social discussions in various countries, specially developed and developing countries. Consumers of genetically modified products have the right to have a comprehensive and in-depth educational interface with the biotechnology of these products, but conflicting sensitivities and perceptions seem to be misused. A descriptive-analytical questionnaire was used to survey the level of general knowledge of students at different fields in universities of Kermanshah, as an example of a well-educated Iranian society (1000 people), in relation to different uses of GMOs. There was a significant difference between the information and knowledge of students related to biological sciences and non-biological at undergraduate and postgraduate education levels in both sexes of men and women about transgenic products (p < 0.05). All the people that were studied required the creation of strict national, international and ethical rules by policy makers and producers of transgenic products. Social networks were the largest source of information for individuals. The present study emphasizes the need for the development of evidence-based science education programs for the general public, in order to increase general awareness of the GMOs technology's advantages and limitations in the country.