فهرست مطالب ali kianfar

Quality and effectiveness of safety systems are critical factors in achieving their goals. This study was aimed to represent a method for performance evaluation of safety systems by proactive indicators using different updated models in the field of safety which will be tested in a selected industry. This study is a cross-sectional study. Proactive indicators used in this study were: Unsafe acts rate, Safety Climate, Accident Proneness, and Near-miss incident rate. The number of in 1473 safety climate questionnaires and 543 Accident Proneness questionnaires was completed. The minimum and maximum safety climate score were 56.88 and 58.2, respectively, and the minimum and maximum scores of Accident Proneness were 98.2 and 140.7, respectively. The maximum number of Near-miss incident rate were 408 and the minimum of that was 196. The maximum number of unsafe acts rate was 43.8 percent and the minimum of that was 27.2 percent. In nine dimensions of Safety climate the eighth dimension (personal perception of risk) with the score of 4.07 has the lowest score and the fourth (laws and safety regulations) dimension with 8.05 has the highest score. According to expert opinions, the most important indicator in the assessment of safety performance was unsafe acts rate, while near-miss incident rate was the least important one. The results of this survey reveal that using proactive (Prospective) indicators could be an appropriate method in organizations safety performance evaluation.

We studied usefulness of serum B-type natriuretic peptide level as a screening tool for detecting hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in the preterm neonates. Sixty admitted preterm neonates with gestational age ≤34 weeks, birth weight ≤2500 gr, and age of >3 days have been enrolled in this study. We measured serum B-type natriuretic peptide levels at the beginning and after completion of drug therapy for ductus occlusion. Mean±SD gestational age and weight was 31±1.9 weeks and 1680±350 gr, respectively. The peptide levels in the neonates with significant duct (n=13) were significantly higher than in those with insignificant duct (n=17) or no duct (n=30) (1667±821 pg/ml versus 667±666 and 309±171, respectively). The peptide level dropped significantly after ibuprofen administration in the neonates with significant PDA (n=13), (1667±1165 pg/ml to 429±386). At a cutoff point of 450 pg/ml, B-type natriuretic peptide level had a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 87%, the negative predictive value of 98.5%, the positive likelihood ratio of 6.92 and the negative likelihood ratio of 0.089 for detecting significant patent duct. Levels below this can eliminate the need for echocardiography.

The analysis of incidents is one way of increasing safety in workplaces. In this approach, the process of preparing exact and scientific report is a critical step. The aim of this paper was to describe an intervention supporting the improvement of supervisor's participation to report all occurred incidents. In this study, Future Workshop method was used with 44 supervisors in TAB Steel Company, Tabriz, Iran. In each subject, 11 supervisors were participated in four small groups, which they normally worked. In the Critique phase, the 4 teams reported 126 problems in the incident report process. During the fantasy phase, the teams produced 727 suggestions to solve the problems. Then, the supervisors made decisions on 35 commitments to change their incident reporting behaviors. Finally, in the implementation phase the number of reported incidents increased by 79.4% during the 1-year follow-up period. The discussion method used in Japan, Finland, and Sweden was also successfully implemented in Iran, and the process raised a great number of problems and suggestions related to supervisor's incident reporting process. Creating and maintaining the proper communicational canals among supervisors and the managers of safety and health unit are the suggestions, which have been presented to increase the amount of partnership.

Nowadays, occupational accidents are one of the most important problems in developing countries. Job stress and unsafe acts have been also recognized as effective factors in increasing the risk of occupational accidents. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the relationship between job stress and unsafe acts with occupational accidents. This study was performed on 195 employees in Pars Khodro industry in 2007. Safety behavior sampling technique and standardized job stress questionnaire were used in current research. The information was then analyzed using SPSS and statistic tests. According to findings of job stress questionnaire 88 percent of workers were at level of high stress. Accidents at work were associated with job stress and unsafe acts. There was also a significant relationship between job stress and unsafe acts (p< 0.05). The regression logistic test showed that 1% increase in the rate of unsafe practice had a higher impact on the number of accidents than a 1% increase in job-related stress. Therefore, based on the degree of change in these two variables, it is possible to predict the number of accidents in an organization. Reducing or eliminating identified effective stress factors and decreasing unsafe acts have been suggested to control the consequences of accidents. To achieve this, implementing behavior based safety principles can be an effective measure.

An extensive hazard identification of petroleum industries as part of a sound safety analysis is not only highly recommendable but often subject to official approval of construction by the national governmental authorities. Risk assessment and management techniques are used in industrial activities to diminish accident potential by the application of prevention or protection techniques to improve process safety.This project aims at introducing a preventive approach to process hazard identification andidentifying, evaluating and control of Health, Safety and Environmental hazards in studied unit. For this purpose, Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) have been applied to an oil storage and process unit in Hamadan. The HAZOP is the most widely used of the various analysis techniques available, in part because this highly structured technique is easy to teach and well-suited for petroleum industry.1180 hazards identified by completing the study. The results of research showed that 38.136% of identified hazard were unacceptable. The root cause of 31.35% was unsafe behaviors. Considering to catastrophic consequences of probabilistic accidents, the results emphasize on control of unacceptable hazards and recommends installing pressure switch and flow switch on the product receiving lines and conducting of regular and periodic HSE auditing plans.