فهرست مطالب ali mohammadi jorkoyeh

One of the most dangerous social harms that human society has suffered from since its inception is violence, and among these, violence in the family is the most dangerous and costly type of violence. Violence in the family, like any other social phenomenon, is caused by factors that must be identified in order to combat it. Therefore, the present research in order to understand the factors of violence in the family in order to prepare the ground for combating it, the individual and social factors of this type of violence with the benefit of Quranic verses, interpretive narrations, comments of commentators and combining the results Field research has explained by descriptive analytical method. The results of the research show that factors such as jealousy between children or couples, suspicion between couples, couples not knowing each other or parents not knowing their children, discrimination between children, especially between half brothers and sisters, poverty and public culture play an effective role in the occurrence of violence in the family. It should be said that the discussion of the causes of violence is an important and fundamental matter, if not to say that its importance in fighting violence is more than the discussion of ways to prevent violence, it is not less than that. But getting into solutions requires a separate space and this research does not have the capacity to discuss factors and solutions together. Therefore, we leave the study of solutions to another opportunity.

According to Shiite jurisprudents, men and women are retaliated for each other. But, the retaliation (qisas) of the whole body of a man for a woman requires the payment of the half of a man's blood money (diya). But, in body-organ retaliation, men and women are considered as equal in so far as the body-organ blood money amounts to one-third of the complete blood money; after that, retaliating a man's body-organ for a woman's body-organ requires the payment of the half of the blood money of the man's organ. In addition, the blood money of the whole body of a woman equals to half of the blood money of a man, but men and women are equal with respect to body-organ blood money until it amounts to one-third of the complete blood money, after which women's blood money reduces to half of men's blood money. This study reveals that the difference between women and men concerning blood money is one of the unchanging Islamic precepts and is not, therefore, liable to change. However, the Islamic government must compensate the losses done to women who are in charge of a family. Therefore, one should look for the philosophy behind this difference in the whole Islamic legal system. This precept does not, certainly, mean discriminating women due to their gender, belittling their human values and their right to live, or propagating violence against them. In general, this paper deals with subjects such as an explanation of jurisprudent's general idea, the philosophy of retaliation, explanation and criticism of the views of the supporters of the equality of men and women concerning blood money and retaliation, the role of time and space in blood money and retaliation, and the obligations of the government to women in charge of a family, along with a number of legal propositions.