فهرست مطالب ali morovati sharif abadi

EXTENDED ABSTRACT
 

Therapy means the treatment of mental or physical illness without drugs or surgery and is a cognitive stimulation to change behavior. This concept when used in the field of shopping is reminiscent of the concept of Retail therapy. Retail therapy happens when consumers buy to improve their negative feelings and not just to get the product, they need its benefits include positive distraction, the motivation to escape from realit, increased self-confidence, a sense of control, and better social communication. the purpose of which is to design a conceptual model for Retail Therapy, which will greatly help to increase the understanding of this concept. This research, has been tried to fully investigate this concept and the causal, intervening, and contextual components that are effective on this behavior, as well as the positive and negative consequences that this behavior will have for the individual and the society. Be identified and finally, the possible strategies that help to weaken or strengthen these consequences are also identified so that finally a comprehensive model is based on the Grounded theory.
 

This research is a type of qualitative research, which is part of basic research in terms of its purpose and exploratory research in terms of data collection. In order to analyze the data, the Grounded theory method based on a systematic approach has been used. The data-based approach is a type of qualitative research method that uses the inductive approach of a series of systematic procedures to create a theory about the phenomenon under study. The reason for using this method is that in this method the theories are formed based on the concepts obtained from the data and provide a better explanation because they are more suitable to the situation and on the other hand, this method is an efficient method in the field of the model making and theorizing. In this research, the main data was collected through interviews with people who have experience in this type of shopping behavior. In qualitative methods, determining the sample size does not follow a specific formula and the researcher will continue the data collection process until reaching theoretical saturation, which this research is not an exception to this rule and the data collection process will continue until theorecal saturation is reached.
 
Discussion and

In the present study, the researcher reached theoretical saturation after 15 interviews. Understanding how and why people buy has led to a growing interest in studying consumer decision-making styles. The variety of consumer behavior is due to the variety of factors affecting the behavior and motivation of a person to buy. Among the types of shopping, we can mention Retail Therapy, which has attracted the interest and attention of researchers for more than 50 years. Currently, 50% of people do Retail Therapy and 50% buy a certain class of goods in this way. Retail Therapy is rooted in consumer behavior and is considered one of the valuable concepts of the market environment; Because marketing managers can increase their sales and profitability by identifying the drivers that influence the Retail Therapy. Internal factors (such as emotional states) and external factors (such as brand-related factors) have a great impact on Retail Therapy. In the current research, the design of Retail Therapy model including 9 main categories and 56 sub-categories was obtained. The main categories include: increasing savings and economic improvement, personal disappointment and disappointment, controlled behavior, cultural-social norms, interior design and store environment, family education context, lack of money risk, Retail Therapy and thoughts, emotions and feelings of people's personality.
 
 
 

The results show that according to the current conditions, Retail Therapy is rooted in consumer behavior and is considered one of the valuable concepts of the market environment; Because marketing managers can increase their sales and profitability by identifying the drivers that influence the purchase of therapy. The purchase process includes various steps such as search, selection, acquisition, and consumption. Research shows that sad feelings can be alleviated simply by liking a product without buying that product, which highlights the fact that Retail Therapy is not necessarily the result of buying or consuming, so the main concept of Retail Therapy is that Consumers, even by searching for products, can relieve their stress and expect numerous psychological improvements through Retail Therapy. But despite the high prevalence of this behavior, there is no correct understanding of it, and there is no source of information that could correctly clarify this issue.

Presently, the tourism industry confronts a multitude of challenges, such as the mismatch between the quality of services provided and tourists' expectations and the management of tourist identity and security. These challenges can be addressed with the emergence of advanced technologies, including blockchain technology. This research uses the system dynamics approach to investigate the implementation and application of blockchain technology in the tourism supply chain of travel agencies in Isfahan. This research has a practical purpose, aiming to address real-world issues. Additionally, the nature and methodology of the study are descriptive-causal, and the data collection method employed in this research is a survey. At first, based on the existing research literature, the factors influencing the implementation and application of blockchain technology in the tourism supply chain of Isfahan travel agencies were identified. Subsequently, using a judgmental sampling method and gathering opinions from 45 experts, managers, and university tourism professionals, the relationships between the identified factors were determined, and a causal loop diagram was drawn. Then, employing a convenience sampling method and gathering information from 15 selected travel agencies in Isfahan, mathematical relationships between the identified factors were determined, and a stock and flow diagram was designed. The simulation results of this research indicated that the quality of using blockchain technology in the early years of its implementation was not favorable, but it would improve over time. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a positive correlation between the quality of using blockchain technology with service quality and the level of tourist attraction. The scenarios designed in this research showed that by allocating more resources to employee training and enhancing information technology infrastructure, the quality of using blockchain technology and the quality of the services could significantly improve during the initial years of implementation of blockchain technology.

Nowadays, in most countries of the world, small and medium industries play various roles in social, industrial and service arenas. An e-business is a system that is created with the aim of satisfying customers and facilitating the fulfillment of their orders using the Internet. Advances in technology offer countless opportunities for rapid market access nationally and internationally to small and medium-sized enterprises. Accordingly, infrastructures should be provided by the government to make it easier to use the facilities, and the relevant agencies should work together to create a safe and comfortable environment, away from strict regulations. In this way, the ground will be prepared for the development of the economy, the training of specialized man power and the employment of experts in organizations. The aim of this research is to develop the electronic businesses of small and medium enterprises in Yazd Province in the field of ceramic tiles using the fuzzy cognition mapping approach. Based on the nature of the research, responses are found to the questions ‘What factors are effective in the development of e-businesses of small and medium enterprises in the Iranian ceramic tile industry?’ and ‘What is the degree of effectiveness, influence and centrality of the factors?’

This study is descriptive in type. From a methodological point of view, it is based on the mixed research method, which was done in four stages. In the first stage, based on the results of a library study on the theoretical foundations and research background, the basic conceptual framework of electronic business in the ceramic tile industry was extracted. For this purpose, two statistical populations were sampled the first of which consisted of eight experts in the field of business management in Yazd Province. They were randomly selected and interviewed. At this stage, 18 factors were obtained by reviewing the literature and the research background, as a result of which a number of factors were removed, merged or added from the prepared list. Finally, 15 factors were approved by the experts. The second sample included 35 online sellers of ceramic tiles in Yazd Province who were selected to participate in the construction of the model. In the second stage of the qualitative modeling process, the causal map of the experts was extracted and analyzed. Then, fuzzy cognitive mapping was drawn by the Ucinet6 software. In the fourth stage, the degree of centrality, the effectiveness of specific factors, and the scenarios for the development of e-business in small and medium enterprises in Yazd Province were simulated in a case study of the ceramic tile industry, and the results were checked with the soft FCMapper1 software. The data and the scenarios were analyzed using the fuzzy cognitive mapping technique, and the research model was designed through social network analysis.

According to the research findings, the factors affecting the development of e-business in small and medium enterprises in Yazd Province (with a focus on the ceramic tile industry) include leadership and management factors, technical requirements, financial infrastructure, organizational image, product and service, supply chain, customer satisfaction, competitors and partners, suppliers, political and legal infrastructures, marketing and advertising, after-sales service, customer trust, investment, and organizational culture. Based on the degree of centrality, what tops the list is leadership and management factors as well as products and services. Also, the results of the analysis of the second scenario indicate that, since the managers of the ceramic tile industry try to have better leadership and management and do not take legal, political and legal infrastructures into account, they cannot hope for the progress and development of their business. In other words, management and leadership along with legal, political and legal infrastructures can lead to the development of businesses in the ceramic tile industry. According to the results of the third scenario, if we develop the product and service factor but do not pay attention to the value chain, the majority of the factors change in a negative direction, but the rate of change is less than that in the second scenario.

Finally, based on the results of this study, there are suggestions made for the development of electronic businesses in the ceramic tile industry, including the attendance of managers in various courses of management and leadership skills and market study. The accurate knowledge of customer needs is also pointed out in order to provide the products and services that are more tailored to the tastes of customers and, as a result, their satisfaction is guaranteed as much as possible.

Due to the increase in competitive pressure and the development and advancement of technology, manufacturing companies today consider Industry 4.0 a fundamental and crucial issue for enhancing performance, as well as for maintaining and improving their competitive position. The purpose of this research is to investigate how knowledge management and its influencing factors affect the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry.
This research is applied in terms of purpose and utilizes a survey for data collection. In order to conduct the current research, 13 factors were initially identified by reviewing the research background. Using the interpretative structural modeling technique, the relationship between the identified factors was determined. Based on this analysis, the conceptual model of this research was presented. In the following study, the fit of the conceptual model was measured and investigated using the structural equation modeling approach and Smart PLS software. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect data. In order to align with the developed conceptual model, a questionnaire comprising 42 questions was designed based on the research background. It was then distributed to experts, managers, and employees in the household appliances industry using a sampling method. According to the structural equation modeling approach, the required sample size in this research is determined by the relationship 5q<n<15q. In this formula, q represents the number of questionnaire questions, and n represents the sample size. According to the 42 designed questions, 250 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 217 were returned.
The results of this research showed that organizational culture, leadership, organizational innovation, organizational structure, absorption capacity, teamwork, financial resources, compatibility of information systems, flexibility of employees, vision and strategy, performance evaluation, and providing feedback. Education and Industry 4.0 technologies have been identified as effective factors in knowledge management for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry of the country. The results of this research indicate that the factors influencing knowledge management in the implementation of Industry 4.0 are categorized into eight levels. Organizational culture and leadership are identified as crucial variables and form the basis of the conceptual model essential for establishing Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industry. The results of this research revealed that the variables of financial resources are at the seventh level, teamwork, organizational structure, and training at the sixth level, absorption capacity and vision and strategy at the fifth level, Industry 4.0 technologies at the fourth level, performance evaluation and providing feedback at the third level, flexibility of employees at the second level, and innovation and adaptability of information systems are placed at the first level.
The results of this study can facilitate the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the home appliance industries of the country and encourage home appliance industry managers to utilize knowledge management in Industry 4.0 more effectively.

Today, with regard to preserving the environment and generating sustainable income, the closed-loop supply chain is at the center of attention as a means to reuse products. However, utilizing knowledge management in these chains without modern technologies such as blockchain is challenging. For this purpose, knowledge blockchains have been developed to enhance these capabilities. On the other hand, knowledge-based companies in the country, if they can harness the benefits of knowledge blockchains in their closed-loop supply chain structure, will be able to gain many advantages. This research has been conducted as an innovative effort to integrate knowledge management with the modern technology of knowledge blockchains in the closed-loop supply chain of knowledge-based companies. The objective of this research is to improve the performance and efficiency of these companies in knowledge management and the utilization of knowledge blockchains in the field of the closed-loop supply chain. To achieve this goal, first, by reviewing the research background, 10 factors influencing this research were identified. Subsequently, to validate the impact of these factors on the implementation of knowledge blockchains in the supply chain of knowledge-based companies, a One sample t test was employed. By confirming the influence of 10 significant factors and utilizing data from 14 knowledge-based companies situated in Yazd Science and Technology Park and collecting 83 questionnaires, the current status of knowledge-based companies in implementing blockchains in their closed-loop supply chain was identified using the fuzzy cognitive map technique. Based on the developed system structure, backward and forward scenarios were designed. The research findings indicate that the cooperation factor exerts the greatest influence on the behavior of other research factors. Among other results of the research, we can highlight the significant role of the reliability and security assurance factor compared to the interoperability factor.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of Industry 4.0 by identifying and improving the achievements of Industry 4.0 in the quality of products and services provided in the country's home appliance industry. In order to conduct the present research, nine achievements of Industry 4.0 in the quality of products and services provided were identified using research literature. The statistical population of this research is managers, employees, and vice presidents of companies active in the field of household appliances all over the country, 72 of whom were selected by purposive sampling. Using the fuzzy cognitive map, the current status of each of the identified achievements was investigated. This research, by designing a backward scenario, has shown what achievements should be improved in order to reduce waste and production costs. Also, , by compiling and designing a forward-looking scenario, seeks to find out what achievements will be made in order to improve the quality of products and services in the country's home appliance industry, if the costs of waste and production are reduced.

Nowadays, the increase in waste generated by citizens and its consequences, including environmental pollution, human and animal health endangerment, and depletion of natural resources, have become fundamental issues and challenges in Isfahan. The research proposes a comprehensive and systemic model to offer effective solutions for reducing waste volume by applying a system dynamics approach within Isfahan. In order to achieve this objective, the study first identified and localized the influencing factors on waste generation within the city by reviewing pertinent literature and research background, as well as consulting experts and officials from Isfahan. Subsequently, the relationships between these factors were delineated using insights from 32 experts and officials from Isfahan, who were selected through a snowball sampling. A causal loop diagram was constructed based on the identified relationships among factors affecting waste generation. Moreover, a stock-and-flow diagram was developed based on information extracted from municipal records of the identified variables' quantities and values. The results of this study demonstrate the significance of investing in waste collection equipment and advertising to raise citizens' awareness and reduce waste production in Isfahan. These efforts play a crucial role in decreasing the overall volume of urban waste. Moreover, they contribute to the saving and sustainability of resources while enhancing the city's beauty, ultimately attracting more tourists.

Based on the theoretical underpinnings and opinions of industry experts, key variables in the field of new product development have been identified, and cause-and-effect relationships between these variables have been drawn in this study to identify and analyze the dynamics of factors affecting the success of new product development. The intended system has been replicated in the steel industry corporation using the mathematical correlations between these variables that have been established based on the linkages in the backdrop. The strategies of expanding managerial support, investing more in R\&D, and increasing and enhancing product development planning have been recommended to increase the company's performance, and the outcomes of these scenarios have been simulated. The findings indicated that the first level is where the factors related to product development, technology development, research and development activities, the presence of complementary resources, long-term relationships with suppliers, transparent procedures, managerial competence, information sharing, conflict management, risk management, and problem-solving. The second level of the paradigm also includes pursuing power, caving to rivals, inspiring motivation, technical proficiency, technology knowledge transfer, customer happiness, market capacity, and marketing activities. The third level of the model was then used to group the following factors: market penetration, inter-industry compatibility, collaboration, mutual trust, business competence, the appearance of new rivals, change in consumption rate, awareness of environmental concerns, and business competence. This can contribute to the excellence and success of small and medium-sized metal sector businesses.

The factors used in the foresight of any system vary from country to country, society, culture, politics and even time. Identifying and planning for influential factors in any industry is of particular importance. By identifying influential indicators, planners and policymakers determine which indicators are prioritized. Also, to move towards the main goal of organizations, identifying these indicators will help policymakers and planners to invest and optimize the most important indicators.The main purpose of this study is to identify the political factors affecting the future of the rail transport system in the freight sector. In this research, the identification of political factors of the rail transportation system in the freight sector has been done using a combination of library, field and Delphi studies and Micmac software has been used in the analysis. The three stages of this research have sought to present the most important political factors affecting the future of rail transportation in Iran. In the first step, all factors were identified. In the second stage, using the Delphi method, a consensus was reached in three consecutive periods, and in the third stage, using Micmac software, eleven factors in three categories were presented as the most important drivers for the future of the rail freight transportation system.
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This research, in line with the strategy of the World Customs Organization, order to provide a structural model for improving the ethics and administrative health of employees based on the use of information technology in customs affairs with a combined approach of fundamental theory and interpretive structural modeling to understand how information technology affects ethics and Administrative health and investigating the power of influence and the degree of dependence of the variables of ethics and administrative health of employees in the form of drawing a comprehensive structuring model. In the implementation of this research, a mixed method was used in the qualitative part of the foundation's data theory according to the research needs and structured interviews were used to collect data. To collect data in a qualitative method, with the help of Maxqda software, research findings through the opinions of 13 experts in three stages of open-centered and selective coding in the form of 6 categories affecting the ethics and administrative health of employees in the form of the Strauss paradigm model and Corbin and it was expressed theoretically. After building the theory, in the quantitative stage, interpretive structural modeling has been used in order to understand the relationship between the variables and the leveling of the promotion of ethics and administrative health of Iran Customs. The results of the research show that the variable "use of smart technologies" is the first level variable in the promotion of ethics and health, and the variables "Analysis of the situation of manpower and customs processes, ethical characteristics of employees and laws and management of information technology and human resources" » is the second level variable. And the variables of "conditions and structure of the organization and the requirements and infrastructure of information technology" are the variables of the third level.

In line with the importance of increasing the power and capacity of innovation in the cement sector companies of the country, especially in the period of sanctions and economic restrictions, the purpose of this research is to present a model of innovation capacity in Iran's cement production companies using thematic analysis method. In terms of purpose, this research is an applied qualitative and exploratory type of research, which was carried out based on thematic analysis approach. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview with 60 cement industry managers of the country with a purposeful snowball sampling method. The network of themes developed in this research has 404 basic themes, 23 organizing themes and 11 global themes. The final global themes, which included organizing themes and basic themes, are: creation of innovation capacity in cement production companies, main examples of innovation in the cement industry, idea generation and ideation in the production industry. and cement processing, improvement of management and leadership skills in the cement industry, two-way communication of innovation policy and company strategies, growth and excellence of human resources in the cement industry, attention to business trends and movements, performance results of innovation, alignment and movement according to growth Information and communication technology, two-way interaction with external organizations, monitoring and adapting to environmental changes. The value of this research is in providing a completely new model of the antecedents and consequences of strengthening the capacity of innovation in Iran's cement production companies. The directional approach of this model on the experiences of managers in these companies shows the value of this research.

Taking into account the population growth, significant consumption of natural resources, environmental degradation and the resulting public unrest, the governments’ strategy of circular economy is not sufficient to meet the demands and it is required that the entire supply chain be transformed from the linear model to a circular one. Circular supply chain management is a good solution to reduce problems such as pollution, production patterns, consumption, resource scarcity and climate change. The goal of supply chain management is to optimize the resource consumption throughout the product life cycle by recycling. Despite the many advantages of using a circular supply chain, its implementation in some countries, including Iran, is associated with many obstacles. The present study has been designed and implemented with the aim of identifying and extracting these obstacles using the stakeholder analysis approach in the steel industry. In the first stage, the focus group method was used to identify the stakeholders of the steel industry and determine the position of each. In order to evaluate the validity and reliability of the research, the members of the focus group consisting of ten experts were selected based on their experience (at least five years) with the steel industry supply chain projects by purposive sampling. Data were categorized and prioritized through the interest-power matrix. The obstacles to the acceptance of circular supply chain were identified and extracted from the perspective of stakeholders through interviews. The steel industry policymakers can implement the circular economy approach in supply chains by taking measures to modify the factors identified in this study.

In recent years, the convergence between supply chain and sustainability and sustainability topics has been paid much attention in the hospitality and hotel industry. The present study investigates the effects of sustainable hospitality supply chain management (SHSCM) on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty at Yazd hotels.

This study was applied in terms of goal and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The unlimited statistical population of this study included customers of 10 Yazd’s representative hotels. To do the research, the hypotheses and relevant necessity of the research were developed. Considering the research literature and its background, a questionnaire was developed to distribute it among 150 samples after its validity and reliability were confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha. Also, PLS test was used for research data analysis.

The results show that the environmental dimension of SHSCM has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction and its economic dimension has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The environmental dimension of SHSCM does not have a positive and significant effect on loyalty and its social dimension on satisfaction and loyalty.

In sum, hospitality businesses need to employ different strategies as for the three mentioned dimensions to improve satisfaction and loyalty of customers, increase corporate performance, and create internal advantages for themselves and the whole society in the long run.

The innovation of this research is to select between two variables of satisfaction and loyalty among customers’ perceptions and attitudes and choose Yazd’s hotels among the businesses at hospitality at the national level.

Increasing researches, interests of researchers and industrial managers in the field of supply chain and environment, has necessitated the study of green supply chain network systems. In the present study, first, by reviewing the research literature and interviewing the experts in the ceramic tile industry, the factors affecting the success of the green supply chain were identified and the dynamical analysis of the problem was performed by using the systems dynamics method. For this purpose, available and documented information and expert opinions during the 10-year period simulation have been used. Systems dynamics is a powerful tool for modeling complex structures such as supply chain networks and provides useful information about the interaction of key system parameters. The developed model is implemented with VENSIM software and the impact of different policies is simulated and analyzed. The results indicate that strengthening factors of human resource skills, supervising the implementation of green rules and regulations, and suppliers will directly increase the success of green supply chain management; In the meantime, supervising the implementation of laws and regulations is known as the most effective factor. On the other hand, the variable order for green production is very important for the survival of green supply chain. This model and its accompanying simulation can be used as a practical decision support system for decision makers and managers of organizations so that they can make the best decisions according to their environmental or company conditions.

Today, computer equipment is one of the most important assets of any organization, and its maintenance is very important. Considering that process management is one of the ways to investigate the current situation of the organization and pave the way for its improvement and modification, the present study aimed to manage the maintenance processes of computer systems at the Yazd University, which were carried out with a multilateral view. It has tried to identify gaps and deficiencies in the process of maintenance of these equipment. For this purpose, first, the university's IT department was compared with other similar organizations and the processes related to the maintenance and repair of computer equipment were documented. Then, the nine-month data on equipment failure reporting was extracted to inform the process of failures, to investigate the relationships between them, as well as to help re-engineer the processes. The data was analyzed using data analysis techniques. Finally, considering the existing problems and also the framework for classification of the maintenance processes of the educational unit, practical solutions appropriate to the university conditions are determined through surveys of experts and analytical hierarchy process (AHP).

This study evaluates the performance of Iran and 38 OECD countries by providing a DFM model with undesirable outputs. Comparing the changes in the rate of increase in output and the rate of decrease in inputs for the efficiency of decision units in DFM and CCR models is one of the objectives of this study. This research is applied research in terms of purpose and is descriptive research in terms of implementation. According to the review of the literature and research background of the employed Total labor force, Total primary energy consumption and Gross Capital Formation were considered as input, GDP was considered as a desirable output and total GHG emissions excluding LULUCF, was considered as an undesirable output. The results showed that inefficient countries should make the most change in the input of total primary energy consumption and the least change in the desirable output (GDP) in order to reach the efficiency frontier; therefore, considering energy consumption management can be effective in changing inefficient countries with poor performance in environmental sustainability, such as Iran into efficient ones. The analysis also showed that in order to improve the sustainability in Iran, policymakers should consider reducing energy consumption, increasing labor productivity, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving investment productivity and GDP. According to the research method, two modeling methods of evaluating the efficiency of countries in the field of sustainable development were compared and the advantages of DFM model in comparison to CCR were studied.

In this study, a new two-level mathematical model is presented in order to design a logistics hub network in the supply chain of disasters and disasters. The leader level model uses the location of hubs and the determination of vehicles used. The objective function of this model is to minimize the cost of building hubs, transportation costs, and infrastructure costs to develop a logistics hub network. In the follow-up model, it determines the optimal routes for sending products to applicants with the aim of minimizing service delivery time. Given that solving two-tier models in the case where the follow-up model has an MIP structure, it is known as a difficult problem in research in operations and there is not always a definite solution for it, in this research an innovative algorithm based on complete counting. It is provided with high quality answers. According to the computational results, it can be observed that the developed algorithm is able to produce justified answers and of course it has an acceptable level in terms of the quality of the answers. Using the results of this research can be used as a management tool by crisis management organizations.

Today, the accepted model for the development of a country, as in the past, does not focus only on the economy, and in the UN model of human development, the development of the country depends on the development and excellence of the people of that society. At the same time, they should be leaders in three dimensions of health, knowledge, and economy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a model for performance appraisal that considers the internal aspect of the organization and the country at the same time. In this study, after extracting the indicators from the UN Human Development Report. We examined books, scientific articles, their validity by fuzzy Delphi method and the interaction of the obtained indicators with each other and their effect on organizational agility by ISM method. The result of the research shows that the indicators are social insurance. Employees, education level, labor force share of the organization's profit, purchasing power of the organization's employees are independent in nature, indicators, ergonomics Job satisfaction, in-service training, increasing skills and adaptability, rate, literacy (UNESCO definition), attention to innovation, technology quality, R&D performance rate, financial profitability, nature of linkage, staff welfare program indicators, Attention to the environment and sustainable, autonomous development and employment rate indicators are dependent on exports. Also, the number of agility dependence (15) on the model indicates the positive effect of the HDI performance evaluation model on agility.

An online business has many benefits for customers and communities as well as the economy. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the growth and success of online businesses.For this purpose, the factors and their relationships influencing the success of online business were identified in a cause-and-effect diagram by the System Dynamics method. Then, a stock-and-flow diagram was prepared by using the obtained cause-and-effect diagrams and the experts’ opinions, as well as the research literature. The data for performing the model simulation were gathered from interviews with the managers of the online clothing store and the model was simulated in Vensim for 100 months. The validity of the model was confirmed through various experiments. The 3 scenarios of increase of marketers' skills, website quality improvement, and website trust were proposed for identifying the factors affecting the growth and performance of Internet businesses. The performance of these scenarios in the company was simulated. The findings showed that increasing the marketers’ skills, improving the quality of the website, and enhancing website trust increased the actual customers, which indicated business growth. Also, the growth of real customers augmented cash flow and human resources. Based on the results of these three scenarios, increasing marketers' skills had the maximum impact on business growth.This research could provide an appropriate dynamic business model for online business owners to focus on the main activities related to the growth and performance of their businesses by using the results of the proposed policies.

Decent Work is one of the key factors in achieving sustainable development at the national and regional levels, and its implementation will have desirable consequences, but so far decent work in our country has remained only at the level of political discourse and announcement. Therefore, due to the increasing importance of decent work and its lack of real implementation in Iran, it seems necessary to identify the barriers that are in the way of its implementation. Hence, the main aim of this study is to help achieve sustainable regional development by identify and prioritize the barriers to the implementation of decent work in Yazd province. In this regard, based on trilateralism, 45 (n = 45) employers, workers' representatives and government representatives were Judgmental selected as statistical samples. In order to data gathering, in the first step, barriers to the decent work were identified based on library studies and in-depth initial interviews. In the second step, though, using the Delphi-Fuzzy method and the opinion of some of the experts in the industry sector, the identified barriers in the first step were analyzed and summarized. Finally, in the third step, with using the Fuzzy Best-Worst method, the barriers to decent work were prioritized and finalized. The final results and conclusions of this study indicate that the lack of trust atmosphere in dialogues with definite weight of 0.1999, budgetary problems with definite weight of 0.2840, government-owned structure industry with definite weight of 0.2755 and distrust of other members with definite weight of 0.2766, were the most difficult barriers in the implementation of decent work and, consequently, sustainable development in Yazd province.

Abstract The main goal of this research is identifing the factors influencing the future of the rail transportation system in the freight sector. In this research, identifing the factors for the rail transportation system in the freight sector using a combination of library and developmental purpose, PESTEL model, Delphi method and SMART PLS software has been used in the analysis. The three stages of this research seek to present the most important factors affecting the future of rail freight in Iran. In the first stage, all factors were identified. In the second stage, consensus was reached using the Delphi method in three consecutive periods.In the third stage, based on the opinion of experts and the use of smartPLS software, out of 168 factors identified, 76 factors are considered more important as the main effective factors in Iran's 50-year foresight which were classified into 8 main categories. Identifying and planning for the factors that affect this industry is of particular importance. By identifying indicators, planners and policymakers will determine which indicators we are important. The indicators also warn policymakers and planners if we want to move towards total goal, which indicators should we turn into the optimal indicator.

Today ,To have a competitive product in the market you need a competitive supply chain. Competition in the supply chain has replaced competition between companies. Supply chain management has different approaches, each with its advantages and disadvantages. designing an integrated approach that takes advantage of all approaches and eliminates some  of their disadvantages is one of the important requirments in supply chain management. Larg supply chain is a comprehensive approach to combining lean, agile, resilient and green strategies. Assessing the level of supply chain is one of the main concerns of managers interested in establishing new supply chain paradigms. The aim of this article is to provide a conceptual model of the key success factors of a larg supply chain to help create a more competitive and sustainable supply chain; Therefore, in this article, using the Meta-synthesis method, a comprehensive study and summary of the work done in the field of larg supply chain has been done, and a model for the success of the large supply chain has been presented in 31 criteria and 8 dimensions

The growth and development of various institutions and organizations as well as a rising trend in competitions among these entities have made them reflect on their organizational interests to survive in the business world. Due to the rising importance of our global interdependence, some concepts like corporate social responsibility (CSR) have a significant role in this dynamic and flourishing industry composed of lodging, transportation, and so on. Accordingly; any small decisions or actions occurring in one of these centers, regardless of their direct effects on the desired sectors, can gradually have direct and indirect, hidden and obvious as well as tangible and intangible impacts on every sector in the society and, consequently, lead to a series of actions and reactions at all levels. Studies have shown that social responsibility is one of the best tools for gaining public legitimacy and competitive advantage. According to this, social responsibility means the responsibility or commitment of a person or organization to social concepts such as individuals or the physical environment around them. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify, explain and rank the factors affecting the corporate social responsibility (CSR) of the iron ore mining companies in Yazd Province.

A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was employed in this study. The research procedure started with studying the theoretical foundations to identify the factors affecting the CSR ranking of the iron ore mining companies in Yazd Province, Iran. Accordingly, attempts were made to review the most important factors and indicators affecting the CSR ranking by the explanation of some selected experts and through the study and review of the resources available in this area, including the existing models and theories in this field. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) indicators and dimensions were extracted using the content analysis of the interviews with the expert groups from a total number of nine iron ore mining companies in Yazd Province, Iran. Then, the dimensions were analyzed using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The relations among the indicators were also determined via a Fuzzy Cognitive Map, and, subsequently, they were ranked through an FC Mapper. In the end, the intensity of the impact of the indicators on one another was calculated through the Mic Mac technique.

At the first step of the study, a qualitative research methodology was implemented through meetings and interviews with the selected experts of the iron ore mining companies of Yazd Province. The concepts associated with CSR were explained, the key statements based on the identifiers (codes) were registered, and they were consequently introduced as open codes. Regarding the content analysis, after the review of the open codes, the statements with overlapping concepts and meanings were incorporated, and then the dimensions were identified as the axial codes. After that, the content analysis was performed of the interviews with the expert groups from a total number of nine iron ore mining companies. The analyzed dimensions included safety and health as well as legal, ethical, environmental, philanthropic, and economic aspects. The dimensions were analyzed by interpretive structural modeling (ISM) at five levels. At the first level, there was the economic dimension. The second level was for the environmental and philanthropic dimensions. At the third level, there was the ethical dimension. The fourth level belonged to safety and health, and the fifth level was the legal dimension. So, the relations among the indicators were determined via a fuzzy cognitive map. Creating an FCM model requires inputs that come from the experience and knowledge of experts in the field. In FCM models, the accumulated experiences of individuals with update knowledge in the field, for which the model was drawn, are integrated, and cause-and-effect relationships are established among the factors that make up the system. Subsequently, they were ranked through an FC Mapper. The factors ranked the highest were "striving to reduce harm to the environment", "striving to reduce toxic and greenhouse gases", "increasing employee satisfaction and motivation", "developing and promoting community knowledge and culture" and "providing real-time information about the work and the disadvantages resulting from it”. In the end, the severity of the effects of the variables on one another was also calculated through MicMac. Accordingly, the indicators of “Supporting voluntary involvement of employees in social activities”, “Efforts to reduce toxic and greenhouse gases”, and “Transparency in signing contracts with contractors” were considered as effective ones. Also, the dichotomous indicators with very high capacity to become key actors within the system included “Respect for contractual obligations” and “Increase in employee satisfaction and motivation”. The indicators influenced were “Attention to employees’ working conditions”, “Provision of factual information about work and its resulting damage,” “Efforts to reduce damage to the environment,” “Development and promotion of community knowledge and culture” as well as “Attention to customer satisfaction”. The remaining indicators were placed in the independent group.

This research can be beneficial to governments, researchers and organizations because it helps them to understand the indicators based on corporate social responsibility so as to be persuaded to fulfill their commitment to the society.

Increasing greenhouse gas emissions and global warming and government support for renewable sources, as well as recent advances in electricity generation and related technologies, have led to the penetration of renewable energy products in the electricity supply chain. The infiltration of these resources, despite the uncertainty in their output power, has faced serious challenges in power supply chain planning. In this research, an effective and efficient method for security and probabilistic planning of power supply chain development is presented, taking into account the uncertainty of renewable energy production and the uncertainty of peak consumption. In the proposed method, a high limit for the allowable load cut is considered and the effect of existing uncertainties and changes in the high load cut limit on the investment cost of the supply chain is evaluated. The proposed method is implemented on the network by MATLAB software and solved by genetic algorithm. The final model of this method can be used effectively to plan the supply chain of the electricity network with the influence of renewable energy products.

 So far, several theoretical models have been designed in labour/industrial relations with the claim of universality, but their implementation in the context of a country's industry is still uncertain. Accordingly, the main aim of this research is to design a native model based on System Dynamics for labour/industrial relations with the focus on the components of decent work as the concern and need in the modern world of industry. So, initially, with the extensive study of theoretical literatures and conducting several in-depth interviews with experts, the components of the native model of labour/industrial relations were identified, and then the Causal Loop Diagram and Stock and Flow Maps were drawn and formulated to identify the relationships. The validity of the model was also confirmed. Drawn upon the experts’ opinions on the importance of exogenous variables such as the trust level, the try to obtain resources and the Intensity of social and collective relations expansion, the scenarios for these variables and their impact on key endogenous variables such as the conflict rate, the compromise probability, the status of Province's industry, and the rest were evaluated. The results show the significant impact of the exogenous variables on other endogenous variables in the model. Introduction  The term ‘industrial relations’ refers to all existing relations between employee, employer and the government. They aim at providing peace and tranquility, reducing unrest and hostile relations, and ultimately achieving real rights of the parties. Industrial relations are broad relations whose complex dimensions are taken into consideration, by the experts, through different models which are claimed to be universal and comprehensive. On the other hand, the important issue is that the industrial relations system must comply with the unique conditions of the relevant community and the changes in time and environmental conditions. This phenomenon is as true for the political and economic history in Iran. The present research was then based on the premise that the industrial relations should be considered a dynamic system so that they can be both effective and efficient in any environment with various variables. The other aspect of the present research is concerned with ‘decent work’ which is one of the most significant, essential and serious international issues concerning work, production and industry in the modern world today. The introduction and importance of decent work, outlined by the International Labor Organization (I.L.O), is highlighted by the majority of the countries. Thus, understanding the criteria for the decent work and the effort used in indexing, implementing and applying the related matters in labour relations and specially employee-employer relations can definitely lead to sustained and effective interests in the sectors of industry, services and business for any country, particularly Iran. The present research is motivated by the significance of the decent work, the need to reexamine the current models of labour / industrial relations in an attempt to introduce a dynamic model which can comply with various variables to offer necessary forecasts for different conditions in the interests of the stakeholders. Case study In this research, the statistical population includes all major actors or stakeholders who work in industries in Yazd province. Materials and Methods In this study, System Dynamics (SD) modeling was adopted to conceptualize and to model the complex of Labour/Industrial Relations. The present research is quasi-experimental and developmental by nature. The statistical population includes all major actors or stakeholders who work in industries in Yazd province. 45 actors were selected judgmentally as the statistical sample. In this study, Stermann’s (2000) system dynamics method was used. Discussion and Results Questions and a time horizon of 100 months were introduced. At the second step, the causal loop diagram and the stock and flow map were developed according to the experts’ opinions. At the third step, the current relationships between the variables in the industrial relations were formulated according to the experts’ opinions and the quantitative/ qualitative data. At the fourth step, the validity of the model was obtained through standard methods. Finally at the last step, drawn upon the experts’ opinions and the exogenous variables in the model, three scenarios were introduced. Conclusion The aim of the present study was to design a dynamic model for the industrial relations with an emphasis on decent work. To this end, significant steps were taken by reviewing the existing literature on industrial relations, examining the operationalization of industrial relations in Iran, collecting experts’ opinions, and the employment of system dynamics. After identifying the effective variables in the industrial relations process with the help of the sources, the five common steps for Esterman’s SD method were used. Three scenarios were introduced and studied: 1. Increase of trust level among the members and actors in the labour/ industrial relations, 2. Modification of tries to obtain resources, and 3. Expansion of social and collective relations.