ali reza abedin

The personality and the way parents interact with children are important factors in the pathology and early prevention of children's behavioral problems. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the causal relationships between mothers' personality traits and children's behavioral problems based on the mediating role of parenting styles.

The method of this research was descriptive and correlation type with modeling approach. The statistical population of this research included all mothers and their children aged 8-12 living in areas 1-3 of Tehran in 2022-2023, and 267 mothers were selected by convenient sampling method as the study sample. The data collection tools included the Neo Personality Traits Questionnaire (McCree and Costa, 1997), the Alabama Parenting Style (Frick, 1991) and the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach and Rescular, 2001). Data analysis was done by SPSS24 and AMOS software using structural equation modeling method.

Based on the obtained results, the structural model has a good fit with the data. Total path coefficient between agreeableness (p=0.032, β=-0.145), openness (p=0.019, β=-0.151), conscientiousness (p=0.001, β=-0.380) and neuroticism (p = 0.001, β = 0.387) was significant with children's behavioral problems. The multiple correlation coefficient for children's behavioral problems variable was 0.57.

The present study confirmed the mediating role of parenting styles in the relationship between mothers' personality traits and children's behavioral problems. Children's behavioral problems can be the result of the interaction of personality traits and parenting styles.

The important identity-preceding structure is the self, a personality structure formed out of interpersonal interactions. The self is formed in infancy and early childhood out of the internalized and ‘metabolized’ interactions between the child and significant other persons. This study aimed to determine the children's emotional and behavioral problems model based on object relations with mediating role of five personality factors. The design of this research is structural equation correlation. The statistical population included all children and their parents living in the 1st and 2nd districts of Tehran in 2020-2021, who were selected as convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were Bell Object Relations Inventory (BORI), The Child Behavior Checklist/4-18, and NEO Personality Inventory (Short Form). the data was analyzed using SPSS version 27 software and Smart PLS 3 software and with structural equation model method. The statistical findings were considered significant at the 0.05 level. It should be mentioned that based on the drawn model, the mediator variable in the model is significant, and the value of the path coefficient has increased due to the mediator variable. However, the relationship between the object relations variable and children's emotional and behavioral problems was not significant, and it is meaningful only through the mediation of the Personality traits of the fathers’ variable. According to these findings, we recommend that more emphasis be placed on parenting in clinical practice and the development of parenting interventions for people with children's emotional and behavioral problems based on objective relationships.

Social interaction is an inevitable technique and resource of children's mental development, and children learn how to interact with others. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of social skills training on aggression among preschool children in the kindergarten of Tehran, Iran.

The study was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test were selected by simple random sampling to compare a group of experiments (n= 7) with control (n = 7) groups. In this study, the statistical population in Tehran kindergartens in 2017-18 consisted of all children aged 4 to 6 years.  The intervention was conducted 10 sessions in 60-minute after pre-test and then the results were evaluated in two stages of pre-test and post-test by Matson's Social Skills Questionnaire and finally, after one month of intervention, the data were collected. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software (version 22.0).

According to the descriptive results, the study group consisted of 7 children aged 4 to 6 years, while the control group consisted of 7 children aged 4.7 to 5.5 years. The findings showed that the mean and SD of aggression and impulsive behaviors in the experimental group decreased in the post-test 26.71±6.47 and 170± 11, respectively (p < 0.05).

The study was conducted 10 sessions in 60-minute by Matson's Social Skills intervention for children aged 4 to 6 years. Therefore, this psychotherapeutic intervention reduced aggression and impulsive behaviors among kindergartens children.

This project aimed to study early maladaptive schemas in adults with parents afflicted with schizophrenia.
In a causal-comparative study, a sample of 39 adults with one schizophrenic parent as the experiment group and 40 students without schizophrenic parents as the control group were selected. Both groups completed early maladaptive schema questionnaire. Descriptive statistics as well as multi-and single-variable analysis of variance were applied.
Significant differences were found in early maladaptive schemas of rejection/disconnection, impaired autonomy/performance, and over vigilance/inhibitions as well as in the subscales of emotional deprivation, defectiveness/shame, failure, and unrelenting standards.
Feelings of failure and insecurity leads to formation of early maladaptive schemas in children of schizophrenia. The chronicity of schizophrenia, patients’ behavioral difficulties, and stigmatization lead to feelings of defectiveness and lack of security in children and early maladaptive schemas.

Losing a beloved person with whom one is deeply involved is like falling into an abyss of infinity leading to an undesirable feeling which in turn may cause mourning. The grief reactions differ from person to person depending on the circumstances of the occurred calamities, religious, social and cultural beliefs and in general the perceived meaning of the death for the bereaved. Adolescents are one of the vulnerable groups in facing the loss. Belongingness during adolescence is of an essence, as the adolescent seeks to shape ego identity in oneself. The grief process may nullify the personal assumptions regarding the world (spiritual assimilation), relations with others, and personal identity (inner world). Hence, it is indispensable to provide interventions for healing the wounds stemming from the loss. Among various approaches, play therapy is one of the best treatments for grief in the juveniles. Play therapy is the process of making conscious and verbalization of the unconscious and the nonverbal issues. Sand tray therapy is a sort of play therapy which provides people an opportunity to express themselves in a creative and nonverbal way. Currently this kind of therapy is considered as an effective method to work with children and adolescents. However, despite the high rate of mortality in Iran, there is not enough research conducted in this regard. In light of the great significance of cultural differences in the resolution of grief, it is essential to evaluate a variety of theories effective in resolving this process in order to construct a custom-made protocol for sand tray therapy in Iranian population. Subsequently, 25 volunteers, who had lost one of their close relatives between the previous two months to two years, were selected through convenient sampling as the subjects of the study; they completed the Grief Experience Inventory, Adjective Check List, and two researcher made questionnaires named Life Story and Dream Memo Questioners. Ultimately, a protocol to induce reduction of the severity of grief experience was developed via collecting data from the questionnaires (descriptive and inferential statistics) and the theories relevant to the resolution of the grief process.

Ôbjective: Ône of non-confrontative methods for treatment of difficult issues such as grief is movie therapy which is an advanced form of bibliotherapy. The present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of Group movie therapy (GMT) on reduction of intensity of grief experience in bereaved adolescent girls. This was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and a follow up test along with a control group. 24 female university students in the city of Tehran aged 17-19 years who had lost a close family member in 2008-2009 were selected as the participants in the study through convenient sampling. They were then randomly assigned into a control and an experimental group of 12 persons each. The experimental group as an intervention received 90-minute weekly group movie therapy sessions for eight weeks. The intervention was comprised of watching the movie “Ëlina”, in one session followed by group discussions. Four subscales of GËQ indicating the intensity of grief experience was administrated on both groups as pretest-posttest and as follow up. Mixed ÂNÔVÂ showed that group movie therapy significantly decreased (p<0.001) the intensity of grief experience.Çonclusion: GMT is an efficacious and enduring technique on the adolescents; this is afforded through providing insight, modeling loss coping skills, making emotional catharsis possible, and facilitating cognitive processing and accelerated learning in the participations.

The purpose of the present study was to appraise the relation between emotional intelligence and coping strategies with success or failure in passing the University Entrance Exam. 195 students in their first term of freshman year at Tehran’s public universities and 199 applicants of University Entrance exam who had at least once taken the exam unsuccessfully in the past were selected through convenient sampling respectively as the success and failure groups in the study. All participants completed Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Coping Strategies. The success group scored better than the failure group on Optimism and Self-Actualization. They control their impulses better, enjoy from higher level of adjustment, and their overall emotional intelligence is higher than the failure group. The success group copes with stress better as the failure group uses coping strategies that are more emotion focused emotional and physical inhibition). Convergently, the findings indicated that there is a significant relation between language, high school’s grade point average, and level of income in success and failure groups. A significant correlation also was found between emotional intelligence and coping strategies.

A highly selective electrode for Bromide ion based on aza pyrilium derivative as an excellentionophore is described.The sensor exhibits a good linear response with a slope of ( 60±1 ) mV per decadeover the concentration range of ( 1×10-3 – 9×10-6 M ) , and a detection limit of ( 3×10-6 M ) of Bromideions .The electrode response is independent of pH in the range of(4.0 –9.5).Selectivity coefficientsdetermined by the matched potential method ( MPM ) . Indicate that the interference from inorganic andorganic anions is negligible. The proposed sensor shows a fast response time of approximately (20 s).Ithas been used as an indicator electrode in titration of Bromide with Ag +.