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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of logotherapy on mental pain, adherence to treatment, and abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The design of the current s tudy was quasi-experimental, which included three s tages of evaluation. In the firs t stage, the research questionnaires were completed by patients of both groups (pre-test). In the second stage, logotherapy was performed for eight sessions of 90 minutes with an interval of once a week on the experimental group by a psychotherapist (Ph.D in psychology and trained in therapy), and then the questionnaires were completed by the patients in both groups (post-test). In the third stage, 2 months after the end of the treatment sessions, the ques tionnaires were finally completed by the patients of both groups (follow-up).

There was a significant difference in reducing abdominal pain and increasing treatment adherence between the experimental and control groups in the post-test phase. These results were also stable in the follow-up phase (P>0.05).

Logotherapy reduced the mean of mental pain and abdominal pain and increased the mean of adherence to treatment in the post-test s tage. The effectiveness of treatment in the follow-up stage has also been stable. According to the results of the study, logotherapy is effective on the variables of mental pain, adherence to treatment, and abdominal pain in patients with the constipation-dominant type of irritable bowel syndrome. This type of psychotherapy can be used to examine other variables in such patients or in patients with other symptoms (diarrhea and mixed)

The professional quality of life (ProQOL) and occupational burnout are two central factors related to nurses' job performance. Nurses' job performance might be affected by work stress and compassion. In the present study, the association of ProQOL of nurses with burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress was investigated.

In this descriptive study, 282 nurses were invited to help with the survey. Demographics Scale, Maslach Burnout Questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and ProQOL Questionnaire were used to collect the data.

Most participants have an average degree of compassion satisfaction (CS) (63.2%) and compassion fatigue (CF) (57.1%). Also, most nurses had low scores for occupational burnout (39.3%). A significant negative correlation was found between CS with CF (p < 0.001). Occupational burnout (p = 0.019), anxiety (p = 0.015), and depression (p < 0.008) subscales had a significant negative correlation with CS. There was a significant correlation between the CF and subscales of occupational burnout, anxiety, stress, and depression (p < 0.001). The CF predicted 18% of variance in CS (R2 = 18%) (p < 0.001). The CS, depression, and occupational burnout predicted 25% of variance in CF (R2 = 25%) (p < 0.001).

In this study, the CS, depression, and occupational burnout were important variables affecting the level of CF. Healthcare service leaders and nurse managers should make efforts promoting emotional wellbeing among nurses. Therefore, future studies need to pay more attention to the CF and its associated factors.

Tuberculosis is a global public health problem in the world. Microscopy of sputum smears is the most widely used method for diagnosing tuberculosis. However, many patients are smears negative for acid fast bacilli. Regarding the pathogenesis of the disease, the effectiveness of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in bronchoalveolar fluid was investigated for the disease diagnosis. This descriptive study was performed at the Ali Ibn-e-Abitaleb hospital, Zahedan, between 2010 and 2012, to assess the role of IFN-γ level in bronchoalveolar lavage in distinguishing tuberculosis from other pulmonary diseases. In patients who required fiberoptic bronchoscopy as indicated, bronchoalveolar lavage was analyzed in terms of smear acid-fast staining and cytology. The participants were divided into TB patients group (the BK smear of bronchoalveolar fluid or the culture was positive) and pulmonary non-TB patients group (the smear was negative). Yet non-TB disease was definitively diagnosed by other means, as well. The fluid in each group was examined in terms of IFN-γ. Then, Mean IFN-γ levels in BALF were measured in these groups and then compared with each other. Eighty eight patients were enrolled in the study among which, 31 cases had TB and 57 patients suffered from pulmonary non-TB disease. Mean IFN-γ was 2.85±4.17 pg/mL in pulmonary TB patients and 2.21±1.21 pg/mL in pulmonary non-TB patients. Lack of significant differences between the two groups in IFN-γ indicate that this factor is not suitable for diagnosis of tuberculosis and differentiating it from other pulmonary diseases.

The present investigation was conducted to study the antibacterial effect of aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Teucrium polium plant on the bacteria isolated from urine samples of those with UTI and to compare it with the effect of commonly used antibiotics in treating UTIs. The antibiotic resistance of 147 strains of bacteria causing UTIs to the antibiotics selected through Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was determined. In the meantime, the aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of T. polium plant were prepared. The antibacterial activity of these extracts was examined using Disk Diffusion Method. Finally, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of antibacterial were determined using serial dilution method. T. polium extracts were merely effective in enterococcus and pseudomonas bacteria. In general, the MIC rate of aqueous extract in enterococcus was 1.25-5 mg/ml. The MIC rate of ethanolic extract for enterococcus was calculated as 10 mg/ml. The MIC of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts for pseudomonas bacteria were achieved as 5 and 20 mg/ml, respectively. The MBC contents of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of teucrium for pseudomonas bacteria was 10 mg/ml in aqueous and 20 mg/ml in ethyl acetate extracts. The MBC content of extracts for enterococcus bacteria were 10 mg/ml in aqueous extract and 20 mg/ml in ethanolic extract. T. polium extract can be effective in some bacteria causing urinary tract infection, especially enterococcus.