فهرست مطالب ali safarpour amlashi

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted using a flow-through system to determine the effect of different levels of dietary vitamin premix on growth, carcass, hematological and biochemical indices of juvenile rainbow trout. Practical diets with six levels (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25%) of dietary vitamin premix were fed to rainbow trout juveniles (mean initial weight 26.3±2.9g) at 3 replicates. Growth indices containing final weight, weight gain, body weight increase, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, condition factor and hepatosomatic index were not affected by dietary treatments. No mortality or deficiency signs were observed during the experiment. There was no significant difference in carcass proximate compositions. Hematological indices, including hematocrit, hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells were affected by dietary treatments, but the number of white blood cells was not affected. Biochemical indices containing cholesterol, total protein, and peroxidase did not differ significantly in fish fed the different diets, but significant difference was observed in triglyceride and alkaline phosphatase levels. Stress indices including cortisol, glucose and lactate levels showed significant difference among the treatments. Regarding to the obtained results, both non-supplementation and excess supplementation of vitamin premix in the diet have some negative effects on rainbow trout. Thus, the appropriate level of vitamin premix should be used in the diets of this species.

Alburnus chalcoides, Caspian Shemaya, is found in the river systems of the Aral, Black and Caspian sea basins and is an economically valuable cyprinid from the southern Caspian Sea. This species has been reported as near threatened species in this basin due to damming, over and illegal fishing, destruction of its spawning grounds and water pollution. The Caspian Shemaya is an important species ecologically and economically, but information about its biology and ecology is widely scattered. Hence, in this review, its taxonomy, general characteristics and morphology, distribution, habitat and ecology, age and growth, reproduction, conservation status and threats in the southern Caspian Sea is summarized, and a bibliography on this fish is provided.