فهرست مطالب amir hossein sina

This study aimed to assess the role of carotid ultrasonography and measure the carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and its correlation with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to observe cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

In this observational study, 205 consecutive patients with T2DM from Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, were included. We performed HbA1c measurements using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a thermo-system. Carotid arteries ultrasonography was performed with an Aloka SSD 5500 apparatus with a 7.5 MHz transducer. The CIMT was measured in the supine position with a slight neck extension.

There was no statistically significant difference between the two study groups in the duration of diabetes with CIMT (P = 0.425), while the differences in creatinine, HbA1c, and urine albumin were statistically significant (P = 0.020, P = 0.041, and P = 0.016, respectively). There was no correlation between CIMT and age (r = 0.19, P = 0.792) and duration of diabetes (r = 0.125, P = 0.081). Furthermore, there was no remarkable association between CIMT and weight (r = 0.12, P = 0.881) and FBS ( r = 0.062, P = 0.405). There was also a non-significant negative correlation between HbA1c% and CIMT (r = -0.127, P = 0.127).

Ultrasound measurement of CIMT is a safe and relatively cost-effective way of diagnosing atherosclerosis. Thus, the ultrasound’s predictive value as a safe and non-invasive examination may alert the related field experts early enough to intervene to prevent major cardiovascular complications.

Heterotopic pancreatic tissue, known as pancreatic rest, is a pancreatic tissue that lacks anatomic and vascular continuity with the main body of the pancreas. Common locations for this tissue include the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, Meckel diverticulum, and ileum. In this report, we present a case of a patient whose pancreatic rest was diagnosed primarily during the investigation of dysphagia with solid foods and it was located in the mid esophagus as an unusual location.

Noninvasive quantification of liver fat by gradient echo (GRE) technique is aninteresting issue in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, the fat content in patientswith nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was quantified with GRE sequences with differentT1 and T2* weighting. This prospective, cross‑sectional study was performed on thirtyNAFLD patients. Sixteen GRE sequences with different T1 weighting were performed with four echotimes. In each sequence, repetition time (TR) or flip angle was changed and other parameters werefixed. Forty‑eight fat indexes (FIs) from 16 sequences were calculated based on three methods. Todetermine the relationship between FIs and histological findings, Pearson’s correlation coefficientwas used at the level of 1% significance. Mean FIs which obtained from Eq. 3 have themaximum values in comparison to other FIs. The maximum FI was 23.58%, which related to heavilyT1 weighted sequence obtained with method 3. The minimum FI was −2.49%, which related to theminimal T1 weighted obtained with method 2. FIs increase with a flip angle, especially at low flipangles. Increase the TR parameter decrease the FIs gradually. Calculated FIs with methods 1 and 3stronger correlated with histological findings relative to calculated FIs with method 2. For fat quantification, T1 relaxation effects probably more critical than T2*. Flip angle parametercould be a major factor causing the overestimation of liver fat content. Sequences with low flipangle are more suitable for fat quantification with methods 1 and 3. In fat quantification with GREtechniques, it is possible that the third and fourth echoes are unnecessary.

Chloroma or gr anulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a malignant neoplasm of myeloid lineage that occur in a variety of anatomic sites other than the bone marrow including soft tissue, bone, lymph node, nasal fossa, skin and sometime in the orbit. In the subconjunctiva it is rarely reported. A 4-year-old girl with a history of treated acute myelogenous leukemia was referred to Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran for the evaluation of subconjunctival mass that was appeared since one month ago. Cell blood count (CBC) of the patient was normal except for Hb=7gm/dl. General physical examination was normal except for the signs of anemia. Histopathological evaluation of subconjunctival mass showed a malignant large round cell neoplasm. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed granulocytic sarcoma. Wh en confronting a large cell or undifferentiated round cell neoplasm, the possibility of myeloid sarcoma should be investigated. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), cluster designation (CD) molecules such as CD34, CD45, CD15, CD68 and lysozyme positivity or Leder staining are useful in this regard.

Myofibroma is a neoplasia of myofibroblasts that can be solitary or multiple and it is found most commonly in the head & neck region including scalp, forehead, parotid region and oral cavity. In the eyelid it is rarely reported. It has a benign course in the solitary form and fatal in its multiple form. A 4 month male infant referred to Farabi hospital -the referral center for eye diseases- with a 2 month history of a mass in his eyelid with gradual enlargement with no other complaints. The only abnormal physical finding was a 2.5 cm mass in the eyelid. This mass was excised and sent to the hospital pathology laboratory. When confronting a spindle cell lesion with a nodular or multinodular growth pattern which appears biphasic due to alteration of light and dark staining areas, the surgical pathologist should think to the possibility of myofibroma. Its pattern of growth and architecture rules out the other differential diagnoses like nodular fasciitis, fibrous histiocytoma, infantile fibromatosis, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, malignant hemangiopericytoma, juvenile fibrosarcoma and poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma. In difficult cases immunohistochemical staining is helpful that is Vimentin & Actin positivity & Desmin, CK, EMA & S100 negativity.

The results of the previous studies on the correlation between plasma levels of Homocysteine (Hcy) and ischemic stroke have been controversial. The aim of the present study is to investigate this correlation meticulously observing risk factors for the ischemic stroke as well as factors affecting the plasma levels of Hcy. A case-control study was conducted between 2005-2006 with cases (55-84 years of age) who had never had a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) all within one week of their first-ever ischemic stroke. The 30 control subjects who had never had a stroke or TIA episode were selected from the orthopedics ward of the same hospital. The cases and controls were paired based on age, sex, cardiac disease, hypertension and smoking status and were adjusted for other risk factors. Their total non-fasting plasma Hcy level was determined using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method.The mean plasma levels of Hcy was significantly higher in cases than controls (mean= 20.79 ± 11.938 versus 14.45 ± 8.028 mol/L; P<0.017). After using the multivariate logistic regression model, a significant correlation was found between plasma levels of Hcy and stroke (OR=1.149 with 95% of 1.032-1.280 for each 1 mol/L increment). The results indicate that there is a correlation betweenincreasing plasma Hcy level and ischemic stroke; however, future research is needed to prove the causal relationship between the two.