فهرست مطالب atiyeh rafinejad

Finding the best diet is very important to rear Lucilia sericata larvae for therapeutic purposes and prepare standard curves in forensic entomology. The aim of this study was to find the best diet for larvae in maggot therapy. Furthermore, this study was conducted to obtain a vertical life table and measure the length and width of immature stages of L. sericata for forensic entomology.

Larvae of L. sericata (Karaj strain) were used to evaluate diets. The tests were carried out in three replicates of 100 eggs for each diet including chicken liver, blood agar, and fish food at the same time. Independent t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s post-hoc tests were used to compare the mean length and width of larvae between different groups. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significance level.

In contrast to the first and the second larval instars, there was a significant difference in the mean length and width of the third instar larvae (P<0.001). At the third instar larval stage, those larvae that had been fed on chicken liver were significantly larger than the others. There were also no significant differences between life expectancy, overall survivorship rate, and force of mortality of larval groups fed on three different diets.

Chicken liver is an advisable diet for nurturing larvae and plotting standard curves in forensic entomology. For rearing the first and the second larval instars in sterile conditions, blood agar and fish food can serve as suitable diets.

Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis are the most important tick-borne diseases. This study was conducted in three cities of Kerman Province in Iran to investigate the circulation of the bacteria in ticks collected from sheep.

Ticks were collected from animals using Srkj forceps and transferred to the Entomology lab in cold chain. After specimen’s identification, they kept at -70 ºC. Tick DNA was extracted using Bioneers DNA extraction kits followed by Nested PCR technique to amplify ribosomal 16S rRNA gene to detect Anaplasma infection in ticks.

472 sheep were examined from which 349 ticks were collected and identified in laboratory using valid keys. Tick specimens belonged to two genera and four species; Hyalomma marginatum (62.47%) was the most frequent and Hylomma asiaticum (5.73%) showed the least abundance. The infestation rate to different tick species was different in three regions of Kerman Province. Observation revealed that 24 specimens (58.3%) were positive for Anaplasma. There is a significant difference between male and female infection rate. However, there is no sig nificant difference between these variables in each of these cities.

This study shows high infection rates to Anaplasma in hard ticks. It is essential for health and veteri nary authorities and farmers to use appropriate strategies to control ticks to reduce the infestation.

The German cockroach (Blatella germanica) is one of the most important vectors of public health interest due to its involvement in the transmission of infectious diseases. Different insecticides are used to control cockroaches; however, resistance developed against most of insecticides has made them ineffective. Attempts should always be made to find proper alternatives to control this insect. In the present study, B. germanica was collected from a hospital in Tehran. Insecticide susceptibility of the cockroaches to cypermethrin was determined using the WHO glass jar method and discriminating doses.Mortality was assessed at 14 h intervals after exposure to bait. The results showed a resistance ratio of about 3.4 to cypermethrin and a complete susceptibility of the field strain to Hydramethylnon gel bait insecticide when they were compared with the susceptible strain. Therefore, there was no cross resistance pattern between these insecticides. This report is the first study on the susceptibility status of resistantB. germanica to Hydramethylnon bait in Iran. We suggest that the use of Hydramethylnon gel bait could be used as an effective control method especially when other insecticides fail to control the cockroach populations0.0.

Head lice are considered as mandatory ectoparasites living on human head hair, which are transmitted to others through direct physical contact. This disease is mostly seen among children. In this review study, search was conducted among all studies performed in the past 20 years and studies were selected and reviewed. Contributing factors like location, study year, etc. were analyzed to procure a national management guideline. The finding of the present study showed that age, gender, parent's education, parent's job, family size, and presence of health inspector at schools were of statistical positive significance. However, hair type, hair length, dandruff, woven hair, and hair oil application showed no effect on head lice infestation. Head lice could be managed significantly regarding educational health and personal and public principles, especially regarding head lice biology and epidemiology to students, teachers, and parents.