atosa modiri

In the latter half of the 20th century, it was recognized that good urban spaces must provide opportunities for social interaction and communication. This was deemed essential for the survival of cities. However, the advent of social media and mobile communication has gradually shifted the focus away from physical presence and towards the content and nature of cities. Information and communication technologies have become pervasive in human life, yet their impact on human presence and behavior in urban spaces is often overlooked. The introduction of connected users has redefined the concept of urban spaces in the age of technology, resulting in significant changes in interactive, cognitive, and spatial behaviors.

This study utilizes the qualitative content analysis method and coding technique in ATLAS.it software to explore the shifts in user behavior within Tehran's 6 and 12 districts. Specifically, the focus is on changes in relationships and interactive patterns.

The research based on behavioral maps shows that users' interaction behavior has shifted from direct and active communication to indirect and two-way communication. This change is more focused on the media, attention, and perception of the surrounding space and communication with others. As a result, the nature of public spaces has moved from traditional landmarks to temporal domains. This blurs the connection between the user and the space, causing the connected user to be moved from the center of the space to the margin. In an interactive approach, the user's focal role in space is weakened.

The research shows that technology plays a crucial role in how people choose, navigate, and socialize in physical spaces. This dependence on technology has led to changes in how people interact with each other and their environment. These changes offer valuable insights for urban planners and designers to create more efficient and effective spaces in modern cities. By understanding the various dimensions of these changes, planners can develop optimal solutions and patterns to enhance the user experience.

The "life cycle" theory is the most important tool for understanding the relationship among characteristics of housing and households, which reflects the behavior of households in the city. The theory, households are defined based on characteristics such as household size, number of students, employment status, income, age of household, etc. Every household, based on what are their characters, has different priorities in housing choice. The purpose of this study is to analyze that characteristics of households are effective on housing choice, which was developed in two parts: quality of housing unit and access to urban facilities.

To measure the variables, the city of Tehran was selected as a case study and the research data were obtained from two sources; the data for households characters was obtained from the households expenditure-income survey which w implemented annually by the National Statistics Center and the locations of urban facilities were gained by urban development plan of Tehran.By using a univariate multi-nominal method and cluster analysis, effective characteristics in the housing selection model were identified from the two groups of characteristics of quality of "housing unit" and "access to urban facilities", effective variables in selecting "housing unit" are, area of hous unit, the type of structure building, variables in "access to urban facilities" included access to educational services and public transportation system, which created a total of 6 options for selecting residential units and 8 options for accessing urban facilities. Then, the relationship between household characteristics and housing selection was performed using the multivariate regression method in R software.

The analysis of the model revealed that residential units with an area of ​​60-90 square meters are the most attractive ones for households with students. Also, increasing the income decile of households, the tendency of households to live near educational spaces and distance from the public transportation system increases. Households with the employment status of a caregiver in a non-simple working group are more inclined to choose to live in houses close to the public transportation system than households with a caregiver, which indicates the difference in financial capacity between the two groups of households.

The relationship between students and the area of ​​residential units has been proven in research background, but in this study, a specific range for the unit area(60-90 square meters) is proved for households with students. However, the relationship was not proved in other areas of housing characters such as the situation of access to urban facilities.Another important conclusion has occurred in the relation between the group of variables "residence" and "household characteristics". Only the variables related to job and income are effective in choosing a place of residence and other social and demographic characteristics of households do not have a significant relationship with the household location that can be reflected in living conditions, lack of identity and prestige in the city's neighborhoods, social segregation in Tehran, incorrect policies in the field of public goods and inappropriate housing distribution conditions in this city.