ava karimian

According to availability of natural products, lower cost and less toxic effects compared to synthetic drugs make them an easy and excellent choice in the treatment of diseases. Silymarin “milk thistle” has been used for many years. Silymarin has antioxidant, anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. These effects are due to the addition of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, and a reduction in serum malondialdehyde as an end product of myocardial lipid peroxide. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of silymarin may also have a protective role against carcinogens. Studies have shown that Silymaran can have protective effects against hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity caused by chemical agents. A notable feature is the prowess of silymarin in shielding against reperfusion injury and inflammation, sustained by its unwavering support of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions .This review provides a comprehensive survey of the potentials of silymarin in cardio-protection, nephroprotection, and hepatoprotection.

As a physiologic process, reflux commonly occurred following a daily meal with no sign. Heartburn in Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) has been defined as “Harghat-e-me’adeh” or “Josha-e-hāmez”. Regarding the clinical importance of this complication, in current work a related traditional formulation containing True cardamom, Ginger, Black cumin and Mastic, selected from various related traditional formulations which have been extracted from three main Qarabadin textbooks of Persian medicine. Following content authentication and microscopic characterization, various tablet formulations were prepared using excipients. The final formulation was a tablet containing those ingredients in 28% for each, with avicel (9/8%) and Magnesium stearate (0.2%) as a binder, respectively. Chemical composition analysis was carried out using Gas Chromatography/ Mass spectrometry apparatus (GC/MS). α-terpinyl acetate (34.02%), 1,8- cineole (18.07), cumin-aldehyde (8.15), and γ-terpinene (11.74%) were identified as major constituents. The content determination of the tablet was performed via Gas Chromatography/ Flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The fingerprint obtained from IR Spectroscopy. Data on pharmaceutical assessment were included friability (less than 1%), weight variation (less than 1%), hardness (6.5±0.5 kg/cm2), disintegration time (less than 35 min) and thickness (3.02±.04 mm). The yield of essential oil extracted from the tablet was found 3%, and each tablet contained 1.33 mg γ-terpinene. This finished product can be introduced as medicine for clinical trial and pharmaceutical industry.