ayob achak

The present research was conducted with the aim of evaluating and analyzing the story characters of the first high school Persian books based on William Glaser's choice theory in the five areas of students' needs according to the mentioned theory. The method of information analyzing was in a qualitative-inferential way, the library method was used for collecting information, and the population included the first high school Persian books, i.e. seventh, eighth and ninth grades. According to the choice theory, human beings are evoked by five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and enjoyment; and all their behaviors show their efforts to fulfill needs and resolve the conflict between them. Glaser believes what is called mental illness in traditional psychiatry is an inappropriate choice, and a choice of ineffective and insufficient behavior by which a person wants to satisfy his/her needs, and as a result, it can be easily controlled and treated. For this reason, the selection, organization, and compilation of content to satisfy these needs, in every curriculum and for all age groups, especially children and teenagers, should be intelligent, purposeful and taking into account the present, status and needs of the audience. The results showed that in the stories of the first intermediate books, the need for love and belonging was in a higher priority than the other four needs, and then, each of the needs for survival and freedom were also in the second priority with a total of 9 characters. After that, the need for enjoyment with 8 characters and finally the need for power with 5 characters were prioritized, and as a result of the analysis and interpretation of the data and statistical findings of the research, it was clear that the stories in the first high school Persian books were well chosen and compiled according to William Glaser's choice theory, and were suitable for the audience of this age group, his/her present and status.

The intellectual teachings and philosophical foundations of Shahnameh (Book of Kings) serve as the best example and model for constructing a desirable and refined society based on human principles. Some researchers have considered Ferdowsi's worldview the best model for creating a globally balanced world with relative happiness. "Wisdom," "Justice," and "Wonder" are the three main pillars of Ferdowsi's thought in Shahnameh. Alongside these principles, concepts such as joyful living, moral lessons, contemplation of the ephemeral world, the mystery of death and fate, freedom and liberty, and many other concepts find expression in the artistic expression of the grand palace of literature.This article, collected through a descriptive-analytical method and library sources, explores the linguistic functions of Shahnameh and the range of linguistic capacities and concerns of the enduring face of Iranian culture and literature in creating a foundation of Persian language elements, unique Persian names, and authentic Persian vocabulary, which are essential aspects of the national epic of Iran. The article also analyzes and examines Ferdowsi's artistic expression in three axes: "simplicity of language," "tone and music," and "rhetorical and innovative principles."

The present article is a brief research on Nizami Ganjavi›s thought, style, expression, and worldview; Hakim is a storyteller and fanciful artist of Ganja. A poet with a unique and inimitable style in Persian literature, who, although everyone has the ability to order, Khamsa has set him as an example, but his greatness in poetry and his ability in a new way of arranging romantic verse storytelling (allegory poetry) have caused That all his imitators recognize his greatness and wish to achieve his actions. Therefore, in all literary fields, Shahbaz Sakhan has a clear superiority over Kabkan Dari. In this essay, we will examine some of the considered areas as well as other topics that are mentioned in different parts of the article, with the aim of making the reader reflect on categories such as his unique ability in visual and miniature language to express emotions and feelings, asceticism and mysticism without fainting. He, his unique style, and finally the enigmatic and secretiveness of his thought will be discussed. Acknowledging the issue that expressing all the dimensions of the mentioned purposes in the form of an article seems quite difficult and impossible; Because the artistic details of Hakim Ganje require a detailed book for each story and narration.