فهرست مطالب azam tofighi naeem

Parents of preterm neonates are exposed to great stress that can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder. The current study aimed to assess the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD) in both mothers and fathers of preterm infants. A prospective cohort study was done at two Iranian hospitals in 2016. One hundred and sixty parents of preterm neonates entered the study. A questionnaire related to acute stress disorder (ASD) was completed for parents at days 3-5 after birth. One month later, the parents were asked for the second interview. Prenatal posttraumatic stress questionnaire (PPQ) for mothers and posttraumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL) for fathers were completed. Prevalence of PTSD among the mothers and fathers was compared. According to the results, 32.5% of all mothers and 4% of all fathers showed ASD. After a month, 40% of the mothers and 21.5% of the fathers showed PTSD. A significant correlation was seen between PPQ and PCL scores (P

Parents of preterm neonates are exposed to stress leading to post traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). In the present study we compared the prevalence of PTSD in parents of hospitalized preterm and term neonates. A descriptive-comparative study was undertaken in 2 Iranian Hospitals during 2016 and 2017. Parents of NICU hospitalized preterm neonates as well as those of hospitalized term newborns entered the study. Parents were invited for interview at day 3 - 5 after neonate’s birth. Questionnaires for acute stress disorder (ASD) were filled out and scored for both mother and father. After a month, parents were asked for a second interview. Prenatal post traumatic stress questionnaires (PPQ) for all mothers and posttraumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL) for all fathers were completed. All recorded data were analyzed to compare the prevalence of PTSD among parents of term and preterm infants. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Parents of 80 NICU hospitalized preterm neonates and parents of 80 term hospitalized neonates entered the study. Both the mean ASD and PPQ scores among mothers of preterm infants were significantly higher than those of mothers of term infants (53.77 ± 13.58 vs. 49.27 ± 12.55; P = 0.032 and 31.67 ± 11.85 vs. 28.08 ± 8.80; P = 0.032). The mean PCL score among fathers of preterm infants was significantly higher than their counterparts in other group (31.5 ± 14.9 vs. 21.37 ± 5.4; P < 0.0001). A significant correlation was observed between mother’s PPQ and father’s PCL scores (P < 0.0001). Mothers with higher ASD scores also showed higher PPQ scores (P < 0.001). Although hospitalization of a neonate is a stressful event for parent, neonate’s condition related age at birth was the main subject for parents’ psychological complication and PTSD. Moreover, we found that, of parents, mothers were more vulnerable for PTSD but fathers indicated delayed onset of PTSD symptoms.

The incidence of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants whose birth weight is less than 1500 grams is approximately 30-60%, most of them need medical or surgical interventions. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of prophylactic treatment with oral paracetamol (Acetaminophen- Hakim® Oral Drops 100 mg/ml, Hakim Pharmaceutical Co., Tehran, Iran) for PDA in preterm infants. A randomized clinical trial conducted from March 2012 to March 2013. Thirty-two preterm newborns whose gestational age was under 32 weeks and birth weight was 1500 grams or less, admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran were studied prospectively. They were randomly assigned in two groups. The prophylaxis group received oral paracetamol for a period of two days starting during first 24 hours of life. No placebo was given to the control group. Echocardiography was performed 24-36 hours after the last given dose in prophylaxis group and on the 4th and 5th day in control group. A p-value less than 0.05 are considered significant. There were 16 newborns in each group (20 boys and 12 girls). In 12 newborns of prophylaxis group the ductus arteriosus was closed although in control group in 8 newborns the duct was closed. No significant difference was observed in sex, gestational age, birth weight, mode of delivery, multifetal gestation and birth order between two groups. The rate of ductal closure was 75% and 50% in prophylaxis group and control group respectively (P=0.27). Our study demonstrated that prophylactic paracetamol is ineffective in PDA closure, although the rate of ductal closure between two groups seems remarkable. Paracetamol as a new strategy for PDA closure because of cost effectiveness and harmlessness may be used in future. However, we presume larger sample size studies are needed to show the efficacy of paracetamol, side effects, and complications in PDA prophylaxis treatment.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases endemic in northwestern and southern areas of Iran. The aim of the pre­sent study was to review the records of children hospitalized with VL in order to characterize the clinical features of children as well as laboratory finding in Chil­dren Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The medical records of all children with a final diagnosis of VL were reviewed from 2004 to 2011. Demographic, clinical information, laboratory find­ing and treatment were considered. A total number of 34 children with confirmed VL through 2004-2011 were included in the study. The most prevalent sign and symptoms were fever (97.1%), pallor and weakness (97.1%), appetite loss (61.8%), splenomegaly (97.1%) and hepatomegaly (88.2%). The most frequent laboratory abnormalities were hematological including anemia (97.1%), thrombocytopenia (91.2%) and leukopenia (67.6%). Direct aggluti­nation test (DAT) was performed in 23 cases and all of them showed anti-Leishmania antibodies with titers of ≥ 1: 3200. In addition, 90% of patients had positive rK39 results. Identification of Leishmania in the aspirates of the bone marrow was found in 83.3% of patients. Regional surveillance system in order to monitoring of leishmania­sis trends as well as detection of new emerging foci is recommended.