فهرست مطالب b. ahadi

Today, humans are surrounded by countless sources of gamma radiation, and therefore, radiation shielding has always been a big concern. Different methods which are generally based on the use of lead-based metal and heavy shielding materials have been developed to absorb this radiation in recent years. Lead is not a good shield due to its high cost, toxicity and weight. The purpose of this study is to produce lightweight composites with the highest protective strength based on SBR rubber. Therefore, in order to produce anti-radiation rubber, various formulations were used. For this purpose, montmorillonite (MMT) Clay and various metal oxides such as Iron Oxide (Fe2O3), Zink Oxide (ZnO), Molybdenum Oxide (MoO3), and Titanium Oxide (TiO2) were used as filler. Then, the shielding properties of the composites made with Europium (152Eu) radioactive source in the energy range of 122 to 964 keV were investigated. The shielding properties of the composites including linear attenuation coefficient, absorption rate, half-value layer (HVL), and tenth-value layer (TVL), and other properties of rubber composites were studied by different analysis including mechanical strength, hardness, TGA, SEM. Among the samples tested, the sample containing MoO3 and MMT was the best material for absorbing these rays with an absorption rate of about 99%.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) of the lung are rare solid tumors and usually affect children and young adults. We describe an unusual form of an IMT of the left lower lobe invading the left atrium. A 9-year-old male patient with recurrent cough was referred for an evaluation of left-lung pneumonia. Transthoracic needle biopsy was performed, and the histopathological examination showed mixed inflammatory cells. Accordingly, an IMT was considered. Left lower lobectomy was performed. A portion of the tumor invading the left atrium was resected together with the intact atrial wall. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the sixth postoperative day.

The aim of this study was to screen potential probiotic bacteria against Aeromonas hydrophila and determine the effects of antagonistic bacteria and a commercial product containing lactic acid bacteria on the survival and growth of stage II Astacus leptodactylus juveniles. For this purpose, a total of 110 bacterial strains were isolated from adult, stage II crayfish juveniles and rearing water screened for antagonistic activities against A. hydrophila with well diffusion agar assay. Hafnia alvei strain from stage II crayfish juveniles displayed the inhibition zone (10mm) against A. hydrophila. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments for 60 days: (I) crayfish fed with live food without probiotics (control group); (II) crayfish fed with live food enriched with lactic acid bacteria (0.015 gL-1); (III) crayfish fed with live food enriched with Hafnia alvei (106 CFU mL−1); (IV) crayfish fed with control diet and H. alvei added to rearing water (106 CFU mL−1). As a result of this study, lactic acid bacteria and Hafnia alvei applications did not positively affect growth and survival of stage II A. leptodactylus juveniles. In the future, studies on screening potential probiotic bacteria should be used in vitro and in vivo tests. In addition, it will be useful to investigate the lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus spp. from indigenous microflora of crayfish.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the post-operative analgesic effects of preemptive intravenous (iv) paracetamol and the amount of reduction in tramadol (Contramal®) consumption. Following local research ethics committee approval, ASAI-II, 300 patients were assigned in a randomized manner into three groups: Group I (preemptive) received iv paracetamol 1 g/100 mL 10 min before skin inscision and 100 mL of saline solution at the end of the operation, Group II (post-operative) received 100 mL of saline solution 10 min before skin inscision and iv paracetamol 1 g/100 mL at the end of the operation and Group III (placebo) received 100 mL of saline solution 10 min before skin insicision and 100 mL of saline solution at the end of the operation as well. The time to first analgesic requirement use and 24 h total analgesic consumption were recorded. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were obtained from all patients at 15, 30, min 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after the end of the operation. Time to first analgesic requirement was significantly longer in Group I and Group II, compared to Group III (P < 0.05). Time to first analgesic requirement was significantly longer in Group I compared to Group II (P < 0.05). Total analgesic consumption and postoperative VAS pain scores recorded were significantly lower in Group I and II, compared to Group III. Total analgesic consumption and postoperative VAS pain scores recorded were significantly lower in Group I compared to Group II (P < 0.05). In conclusion, preemptive iv paracetamol provided effective and reliable pain control after cholecystectomy surgeries and reduced post-operative pain scores, the need for and use of supplementary opioids and the time to first request of analgesics.