babak karimi

A microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction technique (MA-HS-SPME) with a periodic mesoporous organosilica based on alkylimidazolium ionic liquid (PMO-IL) was created and utilized as a greatly porous fiber covering substance effectively in investigating the Stachys lavandulifolia’s essential oil composition. The specimen was exposed to microwave radiation and its volatile constituents were gathered via the fiber from the specimen headspace and straightly inserted into a GC-MS addition port for investigation. A simplex technique was utilized for optimizing 3 various factors influencing the extraction effectiveness. Under the enhanced circumstances (indeed the sample weight of 2 g, extraction time of 2.0 min and microwave power of 300 W), the PMO-IL nanoporous fiber could proficiently adsorb volatile components of Stachys lavandulifolia. In optimum conditions, the repeatability for one fiber (n = 3), expressed as relative standard deviation (R.S.D.%), was between 3.5% and 12.1% for the test compounds. The suggested technique, relative to hydrodistillation (HD) can equally be used to monitor all the sample components easily, but it will require less sample quantity and duration. A few experiments based on the simplex method proved it to be fast while an efficient method that can be used to optimize micro-extraction conditions.

One of the important steps in continuing the treatment of patients with mediastinal masses is definitive diagnosis using tissue sampling of the lesion within the mediastinum. One of the methods used for this purpose is mediastinoscopy. In this regard, this study was performed to determine the results of mediastinoscopic surgery in patients with mediastinal mass.

In this descriptive study, the files of all patients who underwent mediastinoscopic surgery in Besat Hospital of Hamadan from 2014 to 2019 were examined.    

Nineteen patients were examined. The mean age of the patients was 50.84 years. Sexual distribution was 11 men and 8 women. In the majority of patients mass was in the anterior mediastinum (16 patients) and in three cases mass was in the median mediastinum. Histopathological results were reported as inflammatory (4 cases), small cell carcinoma (3 cases), lymphoma (2 cases), squamous cell carcinoma (2 cases), metastatic (2 cases), adenocarcinoma (1case), hydatid cyst (1case), tuberculosis (1case), sarcoidosis (1case), anthracosis (1case), and nonspecific (1case) respectively.

In general, it can be concluded that in terms of age and sex variables and place of involvement in mediastinum and surgical complications, the results of this study are similar to other studies, but there are differences in terms of pathology results. It seems that the frequency of malignant masses in our study is higher than other studies.

Poisoning is the most common method of non-fatal suicide. In recent years, poisoning caused by the use of medications and chemicals has increased. The present study aimed to investigate the rate of suicide using toxic compounds in Iranian children. This retrospective study was conducted using the data of 83 children aged 5-16 years who attempted suicide using toxic substances and were admitted to the pediatric and toxicology departments of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Among 500 suicide cases, 83 committed suicide using toxic substances, and 8.4% of the suicides were committed by children aged 5-7 years. In addition, 60% of the suicide cases were aged 14-16 years. In total, 45.5% of the children committed suicide with prior planning (statistically significant). The peak time of referral to the emergency department was between 6-12 PM, and more than 90% of the patients were admitted with stable vital signs. The most commonly used toxic substance was organophosphate. During admission, psychiatric counseling was not provided to 36.1% of the patients, and the clinical outcomes also showed the use of non-lethal doses. According to the results, it is of utmost importance to assess the underlying causes of suicide attempts in early childhood (e.g., prior planning and antisocial behaviors), especially with the increased age of children to 14-16 years in such incidents.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with high mortality due to pulmonary hypoplasia, pulmonary hypertension, and concomitant anomalies. This condition is identified by the presence of an orifice in the diaphragm (mostly to the left and posterolateral), leading to the herniation of the abdominal contents into the thorax. Morgagni hernia is a less common CDH, accounting for only 5-10% of CDH cases. It is an uncommon congenital herniation of the abdominal content through the triangular parasternal gaps of the anterior diaphragm. This condition usually affects the right side, and the patients are usually asymptomatic. Herein, we presented the case of a 15-month-old male infant with large Morgagni hernia resulting in poor weight gain. The presentation was unique due to its huge orifice, its accompaniment with gastrointestinal obstruction, and also its unremarkable radiologic findings. The patient was monitored by the follow-up team for 12 months. The follow-up revealed no recurrence, and the patient had favorable weight gain without any gastrointestinal symptoms.

Energy deficit is a common and serious problem in pediatric intensive care units. Parenteral nutrition, either alone or in combination with enteral nutrition, can improve nutrient delivery in critically ill patients by preventing or correcting the energy deficit and improving the outcomes. Intralipid 10% and 20% are lipid emulsions, widely used in parenteral nutrition. Despite several clinical advantages, intravenous Intralipid therapy has been associated with several complications.In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Intralipid 10% and 20% on peripheral intravenous catheter ablation in children receiving Intralipid in a pediatric intensive care unit.
In this observational study, 96 patients were recruited through simple non-random sampling over six months. In total, 48 patients received intravenous Intralipid 10%, while 48 patients were administered Intralipid 20% as part of their parenteral nutrition plan. Through separate peripheral intravenous catheters, 0.5-3 g/kg/day of Intralipid was administered at an infusion rate of 0.5 g/kg/h. Length of hospital stay and intravenous catheter ablation were compared between the two groups.
Age of the patients ranged between two days and eight years. Esophageal atresia was the most common condition among patients receiving intravenous Intralipid infusion (8.3%). The mean duration of catheter survival was significantly shorter in patients receiving Intralipid 20% (28.77 vs. 68.23 h, P Based on the findings, concentration of Intralipid infusion in pediatric patients, receiving parenteral nutrition, might be associated with intravenous catheter ablation.

The use of an umbilical catheterization is a usual practice in neonatal units. The insertion of the catheter has potential complications..
Here, we report on our observation of a seven-day-old female newborn admitted for an abdominal distention and vomiting bile. Initially, diagnosis was midgut volvulus, for which an operation was performed. During the surgery, no intestinal malrotation, mesenteric defect or atresia was observed. Postoperative diagnosis was abdominal wall hematoma and rand ligament and ileus, as well as, sub-capsular liver hematoma. The patient had been hospitalized at birth at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). With the appearance of icterus on the first day of life, at the NICU tried to insert the umbilical catheter that had been filed..
The complication found in the patient was the result of an aggressive act (the umbilical catheter insertion). This intervention should not be carried out unless there are clear indications, and if so, it should be done with much care..

Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, which are known as the meninges. This infection may be caused by Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. In this study, we presented the case of a female newborn with meningitis secondary to Streptococcus pneumonia. Her birth weight and height were normal. After 24 hours of birth, the neonate was diagnosed with tachypnea, without presenting any signs of fever or respiratory distress. The newborn was referred to Sheikh Children's Hospital, where chest X-ray showed clear lungs with no evidence of abnormality. Furthermore, the cardiothoracic ratio was normal. A complete blood count demonstrated white blood cell (WBC) count of 5400/uL. In Blood/Culcture ratio (B/C) test, Streptococcus pneumonia was reported, and the results of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis confirmed this result. Following 14 days of receiving antibiotic therapy, the results of CSF analysis were within the normal range. Her visual and hearing examinations were normal, and demonstrated improved situation. The infant was discharged with exclusive breastfeeding.

According to the importance of breastfeeding and lack of nutrition with breast milk for some infants due to different causes، this study was performed with aim to assess the awareness of breastfeeding mothers who their infants were hospitalized in NICU about the condition of milk storage and preservation and the factors affecting their knowledge. This descriptive study was performed in NICU of Pediatric Doctor Sheikh and Ghaem hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2014. All mothers who their infants were admitted in NICU of above hospitals completed a questionnaire including demographic information and the questions about assessing the awareness about conditions of breast milk storage during a month. The correct answers to less than 50% of questions was considered as poor awareness، between 50 to 75% intermediate and more than 75% was good. Analysis of data was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 20) and Chi-square test. Among 42 participants، 1 (2. 4%) of mothers had high awareness، 18 (42. 9%) moderate and 23 (54. 8%) had low awareness about the conditions of breast milk storage. 2 cases (4. 8%) of the mothers had primary education that all of them had poor awareness. 23 (54. 8%) had high school that among them، 21 (52. 2%) had poor awareness and 20 (47. 8%) moderate awareness. 12 (28. 6%) had diploma that among them، 24 (58. 3%) had poor awareness and 17 (41. 7%) moderate awareness. 5 (11. 9%) of the mothers had a college education، of which 17 (40%) had poor، 14 (40%) moderate and 8 (20%) had good awareness. 24 (57%) of mothers were trained in admission hospital. According to the low level of awareness of most mothers about the conditions of breast milk storage، When the baby for various reasons، surgery or medicine is not able to use breast milk، effective training especially about conditions of breast milk storage by health care personnel is recommended.

Primary extracranial and extraspinal meningioma is a rare tumor which is usually limited to head, neck or paravertebral soft tissues. Case report: This is the report of a 47-year-old man with a swelling on the right side of his face over the mandibular area. On examination a mass with firm consistency and an approximate diameter of 4 cm was found. Panoramic X-ray showed a unilacular well-defined radiolucency with a cortical border at mandibular ramus area. The lesion was then surgically excised Histologically, proliferation of uniform spindle cells in the whorled and fascicular pattern was seen. Immunohistochemicall study revealed tumor cells positive for Epithelial Membrane Antigen and Vimentin, but showing no reaction for cytokeratin, S-100 and ki-67. A diagnosis of ectopic meningioma with transitional pattern predominance was established according to histopathological and immnuohistochemical features of the mass.