فهرست مطالب bakhsh a

From beginning of the Fourth Development Plan in Iran, the policy of reducing public share of health spending was formally adopted by targeting the reduction of out of pocket payments to less than thirty percent. The policy was also considered in the Fifth Development Plan. However, during implementation of the program (2005 to 2013), out of pocket payments not only did not decrease but increased so far. This study aimed to investigate the reasons for failure of this policy.
In this qualitative study, 39 key informants were interviewed using purposive sampling method. Data were also gathered from related documents. Data were analyzed using the Walt and Gilson triangle model analysis.
The data were classified within four categories: 1) actors (including conflicts of interest and power installation; 2) content (including internal logic and cohesion objectives); 3) context (including political feasibility, environmental impact, resource and structure); and 4) process (including monitoring and evaluation, stakeholder involvement and stewardship and leadership).
The behavior of the main political actors, were influenced by individual and group factors such as conflicts of interest and power of discourse. This policy failed within the context of the government's lack of political commitment, economic shocks, and lack of social support from interaction of regulatory bodies.

Students are under pressure and stress because of their status in the society. So the university’s student counseling agent is offering consultative services in order to help and guide the students in solving problems and improve their compatibility. The objective of the current study was to investigate the student’s referral proof to the Golestan university of medical sciences’counseling agent. In this cross- sectional study conducted in 2008-2009,On, via census sampling, 345 students of various fields, who referred to the counseling agent.Gathering data’s methods were based on questionnaire that is designed based on Health Ministry’s counseling agent’s goals. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software and descriptive statistics and chi square test and ANOVA with significance level of 0.05. Referred student’s reference’s abundance to the counseling agent in the years 2008-2009 showed that from the whole 345 referred people the highest number of referrals by order were: 154 people (44.6%) because of mental problems, 66 people (19.1%) because of marriage problems, 45 people (13%) because of educating problems, 39 people (11.3%) because of communicating problems, 29 people(8.4%) because of suicide problems and 12 people (3.5%) were because of other factors. This article’s results are showing mental, emotional, educating, behaving, cognitive and family problems and also the student’s marriage’s problems. Cognition, diagnosis, adjustment and early removal of failures, abnormalities and possible disorders confirm mental caring systems expanding importance and supportive cures.

Background/ Poisoning is One common cause of referred cases, especially in the adolescent and young group to hospital emergency department. This study was designed to determine Epidemiologic of poisoning in teaching hospitals, shiraz in 1387 This is a cross-sectional study that 266 sample via random sampling with 95% confidence interval and α 0.05 were considered. There were 47% female and 53% male. 67.2 percent of poisoned patient were single and 32.8% were married. This study showed, highest rate of poisoning was between the age of 20-35 years. Most common season of poisoning was in spring. Overall mortality of our study was 1.6 percent. Regional epidemiological information, make rational use of resources in order to prevention and control of poisoning and with using analysis of effective factors will be reduced poisoning by policymakers and planners.