فهرست مطالب behnam shahbazi

Increased lordosis in the lumbar is one of the causes of poor posture and back pain. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of extra-functional exercises with and without functional stimulation of the muscles around the lumbar joints in women with increased lumbar lordosis.

The conducted research is quasi-experimental and applied. The statistical population consisted of 46 women divided into two equal groups within the age group of 20 to 30 years in Tabriz city, each having a lordosis angle of 40 degrees. Evaluation of lordosis angles (control and experimental groups) was measured using a flexible ruler, tilt meter, and McGill test (pre-test). Then, for 6 weeks, the experimental group performed three sessions of exercise protocol and muscle functional stimulation per week, while the control group only received exercises similar to those of the experimental group (post-test). Statistical analysis was conducted using independent t-tests and paired t-tests at a significance level of 0.05.

In the experimental group compared to the control group, there was a significant difference in lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt components in the post-test (P<0.05).

Based on the obtained results, it can be acknowledged that central stability exercises (Extra Functional) along with muscle functional stimulation can yield beneficial results in improving lumbar biomechanics in cases of lordosis and hyperlordosis disorders within the statistical population.

Objective :

Genu varus malformation is one of the most common issues affecting children's fundamental motor skills. The aim of this research is to compare the effects of two methods—common corrective exercises and corrective games—on the knee braces of 10-12-year-old boys.

Methods:

 The research followed an experimental design with pre-test and post-test methodology. The study's statistical population comprised 10-12-year-old students in Tabriz city. Assessment of the target population's abnormalities was conducted using a flexible ruler (pre-test). The population was divided into three groups of 12 individuals each (control, corrective exercises, and corrective games). Corrective exercises and games were administered for four weeks and 3 days, while the control group remained inactive during this period. After implementing the corrective interventions, the braced knees were re-evaluated (post-test). To test the research hypotheses, analysis of covariance statistical tests and Bonferroni post hoc tests were utilized for comparing the results at a significance level of (P<0.05).

Results:

 A significant difference was observed between the groups undergoing common corrective exercises and corrective games (P=0.004). Similarly, a significant difference was found between the corrective games group and the control group (P=0.000). However, no significant difference was noted between the group undergoing common corrective exercises and the control group.

Conclusion :

Functional corrective exercises and corrective games are recommended as integral components of motor rehabilitation programs to ameliorate knee brace deformities in boys.

Background & Aims:

The prevalence of chronic ankle joint pains among different sports disciplines causes changes in plantar pressure parameters, which is an scale to show the risk factor of more injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the rehabilitation protocol of proprioceptive exercises and ultrasound waves on the amount of plantar pressure distribution in young male athletes

Materials & Methods:

This experimental research was conducted on 20 active young men with chronic ankle pain. After the initial screening and identification of qualified futsal players from East Azarbaijan province league, the athletes were divided into two experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups using the VAS form. The changes in the indices of the center of pressure in the static state and the pressure percentage of the sole of the foot in the dynamic state were determined using a force scanner before and after three weeks of therapeutic interventions from the subjects. For statistical analysis, after using the Shapiro-Wilk test to normalize the data, dependent t-tests and independent t-tests were used at a significance level of 0.05%.

The results of statistical tests showed that the applied protocol had an effect It has a significant effect on the distribution of plantar pressure in active young male athletes with chronic ankle pain (P<0.05).

Considering the positive effect of proprioceptive exercises along with ultrasound waves in distribution of plantar pressure after applying the announced protocol, its inclusion in the rehabilitation programs of young men with chronic ankle pain is recommended.

Following a serious injury, microtrauma and as a result of microscopic damage in joint surfaces, pain disorders in the skeletal and muscular system develop over time. Pain in the musculoskeletal system, in addition to injury, causes secretion and fatigue in the pastoral structure, which leads to disruption of the neuromuscular system. Although the foot is the last part of the lower limb chain and resists the incoming forces, it is expected to cause movement pathology, pathokinesiology and increased stress and thus injury due to improper distribution of forces. It reaches the tissues and muscles of the leg, and as a result, the risk of joint pain increases. In futsal, which is one of the vulnerable sports, most of the injuries of the lower limbs are assigned to the wrist and knee, According to the report of the National Association of American Sports Science Colleges, ankle injuries compared to other body joints in disciplines such as; It has basketball, volleyball, futsal, etc. Ankle pain can be caused by aspirin, instability, arthritis, gout, tendonitis, fracture, nerve compression and infection in this joint. In this popular field, due to the fact that players have to withdraw from this sport due to pain and injury in their basic ages, and as a result, talents are not lost, attention was paid to movement sciences and rehabilitation. Familiarity with biomechanical principles in injury or disease is a very important part of air and treatment activity. If we can provide a targeted ability in ankle pain and evaluate and perform the tasks they do in static and dynamic conditions, it will allow athletes and even non-athletes to return to sports faster and more confidently. And they do everyday, was a witness The first step in this field is to know the rehabilitation method that optimally minimizes the frequency of pain and re-injury. As a result, biomechanical principles and evaluations become reliable in treatment and help to increase better performance. Research shows that mechanical proprioception movements with ultrasound supplements improve and increase neuromuscular function and balance of the plantar pressure center, as well as a significant reduction in pain, in the same direction, from existing changes and the degree of impact on foot posture or position. in which the patient is located, by using biomechanical evaluations in the initial or final stages of the rehabilitation period, it helps the treatment to increase the effectiveness of the methods used with higher validity and to use better methods with higher effectiveness. take. Take, Therapeutic strategies to prevent and increase the return to daily and sports activities include: external supporters, manual therapy, and deep sensory exercises, which generally divide rehabilitation into two types, mechanical and physical. Studies have shown that deep sensory exercises and orthoses and tapings reduce the amount of damage by 50%. In addition, the postural changes or the condition in which the patient or the injured person is located, recovery during the rehabilitation phase helps the specialists to take appropriate actions to have a better effect. In the meantime, examining the amount of electrical muscle activity and the pressures on the person in the biomechanical analysis of the person will give valuable information about treatment and rehabilitation strategies. According to the available documents, foot and ankle problems even cause pain in the upper limb areas such as the back due to its effects on the posture and the way the forces interact in walking over time. Considering the increasing trend of basic ages in futsal, in order to avoid re-injury or to prevent it, it is necessary to take preventive measures. In this approach, the use of proprioception exercises and the use of ultrasound waves on the injured area of the ankle have a significant effect on the walking process, the sense of the position of the ankle joint, and the function of the muscles around the joint. Failure to use proprioception exercises reduces performance and ankle sprains, which is the result of instability followed by chronic ankle pain. is looking for To get a better result, the use of ultrasound therapy modality by applying a length of heat in the ankle along with deep sensory exercises will be useful in controlling and improving the function of the device and foot posture. In rehabilitation planning, understanding the mechanism of applied forces will help professionals to provide the appropriate protocol to increase the function of the device and joints. Because a period of rehabilitation before and after the changes in the posture or the condition in which the patient or athlete is located, can have a great help in the therapeutic methods of care and treatment of its effectiveness in the treatment protocol. it shows. In most cases, in the field of rehabilitation, the therapist is unwilling and according to the conditions of the teams and the pressure of the coaches and sports managers upon the player's return, he trains and competes with the speed of action of the fields. But this athlete's return is mostly temporary and causes joint injuries and choices in the future. Therefore, in the evaluations and screenings at the beginning and end of the season, as in the field of football, in this field as well, the amount of injuries can be minimized by taking into account clinical evaluation tests. In this study, our aim was to investigate the effects of deep sensory training with ultrasound therapy on the chronic ankle pain of young players along with the evaluation of the center of pressure and the changes in the activities of the 2 specialized muscles, tibialis anterior and peroneus longus during walking, in response to changes in their activity can help people with ankle injuries.

The statistical sample of this study included 24 people (12 people in the experimental group and 12 people in the control group). Pain intensity in both groups was assessed through the standard Visual analogue scale form, which is characterized by a pain scale of 1 to 10, and the selection criterion was a score of 7 (high pain intensity). Also, for analysis and evaluation of electrical muscle function by electromyography system of anterior tibialis and peroneus longus muscles, subjects of both groups were recorded using UK Biometrics system in stance phase in 14-meter path of both groups (pre-test). The experimental group then received a deep sensory training protocol with 3 MHz ultrasound for three weeks. The control group performed its normal activities during this period. After the treatment period, both groups re-tested and checked the pain and recorded the electrical activity of the muscles as a pre-test (post-test). For statistical analysis, correlated T-test was used for intra-group comparison and independent for inter-group comparison (p<0.05).

The results showed a significant difference only in the activity of Peroneus longus muscle in comparison with pre- and post-test of the experimental group. Also, a significant difference in the amount of pain in the experimental group before and after rehabilitation interventions was observed in the comparison within the group.

Based on the results of this study, it can be mentioned that the use of deep sensory exercises with ultrasound waves as an effective method in the rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal system in chronic pain can be used by physiotherapists and other sports rehabilitation specialists. Because its effectiveness was effective in reducing the amount of pain and normal function of selected muscles in static and dynamic positions (walking).

United State offensives to Afghanistan in October 2001, and the longest war in American history had been begun in Afghanistan. After ten years in 22 June 2011Barack Obama announced that, the United States will pull American troop out of Afghanistan. While, there is a failed government with instability in Afghanistan. Taliban are powerful and has criminal actions against afghan people and coalition forces. Afghanistan after withdrawing American troop will provide both challenges and opportunities in the region but this is depended of American crisis management in the region. In this Article we analysis the new situation in Afghanistan that shaping after withdrawing U.S. troop from this country. What is the Impact of New Obama Strategy on Afghanistan’s National Security? The method of this research is descriptive-analytic. We tried to use published books and scholar's articles in different scientific journals. By the way, we use governmental interview and official news agency too.