فهرست مطالب bi bi eshrat zamani

This study seeks to provide a model for teaching media literacy for teachers. This research was conducted qualitatively with the data method of the foundation. To collect the data, 28 semi-structured interviews were conducted with communication science specialists, educational sciences and media activists. To this aim, the purposeful sampling continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. The data obtained from interviews were analyzed based on data theory coding. The results showed that due to job requirements, social developments and media risks (causal factors), media literacy in the dimensions of knowledge, attitude and skills (pivotal phenomenon) should be provided to teachers in the form of primary and secondary education (strategies). Policymaking, program development, and funding (platforms) along with motivational factors, teacher competence, content, and equipment (intervening factors) affect program success and have individual, occupational, and social consequences. The developed model could facilitate planning for teacher literacy education in Farhangian University and education in the form of a scientific framework.

The purpose of this study is to develop framework for the media literacy curriculum at Farhangian University. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach through interviews with 28 experts in three groups: communication science specialists, educational sciences and media literacy activists. Sampling was performed purposefully. Content validity was used to determine the validity of the interview and the data were analyzed by categorization method. According to experts, the goals of the media literacy curriculum include media studies, media management, critique and analysis skills, user ethics and media use. Content also includes concepts and generalities, media techniques, message critique, consumption pattern modification, ethics, and media usage. For this purpose, explanatory, problem-oriented, participatory-oriented, critical and workshop methods should be used for teaching, and observational, functional, project, test, self-assessment and self-evaluation methods should be used. The obtained framework can be the basis for designing a media literacy curriculum at Farhangian University.

Academic Procrastination is one of the most challenging problems facing students today. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between the rate of mobile-phone use in university students and domains of their academic procrastination.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. Its population was all students consisted of all male and female students studying at the University of Isfahan and Isfahan University of Medical Science  in the 2017-2018 academic year according to Krejcie and Morgan table 375 student were selected by  proportional stratified sampling method. The Sevari academic procrastination questionnaire (with dimensions of deliberating procrastination, procrastination caused by physical-mental and procrastination caused by disorganization), were used for data gathering. Data were analyzed in software SPSS by applying Pearson product-moment correlation matrix and analysis of variance.

The findings of the study suggested that there was a positive significant relationship between the rate of excessive mobile-phone usage in general and all the components of academic procrastination.

The results of the research indicated that there was a relationship between excessive use of mobile phones and academic procrastination among students that should be considered, appropriate solutions for prevention and reduction of academic procrastination among students.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the quantitative and qualitative effect of sixth grade mathematics teaching in flipped on the learning outcomes of cognitive domain. , Quasi-experimental method was used and in the qualitative method, semi-structured interviews and observation were used.The statistical population of the study included all sixth grade male and female students in Pirbakran region. The sample included 16 sixth grade male and female students. Mathematics topics were taught in two ways, normal and flipped, using pre-test and post-test in two groups of control and experiment.Quantitative data were analyzed in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics, and in the qualitative part, interviews with students, parents and teachers were coded and categorized. Findings showed that students' scores on superficial and simple cognitive outcomes in flipped and normal education were not significantly different between the two methods, but the flipped method improved the scores of male and female students in complex and deep cognitive outcomes and improved performance. Students became cognitive in complex and profound outcomes.Also, flipped education did not have a significant effect on the mentioned components on girls and boys. In addition, students 'independence in learning mathematics and students' activities at home in the flipped classroom increased; It also solved the problem of lack of teaching time in person, especially during the coronary heart disease epidemic.

it is essential to carry out applied studies to assess the extent to which teachers have professional qualifications. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of examining the professional competencies of first-year teachers in the life skills curriculum based on the student's assessment approach.

This study was conducted in the academic year of 96-95 using descriptive-cross sectional method. The statistical population of the study consisted of first-year students in Shiraz, who were studying in the academic year of 2017-18 and 385 of them were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. Through the Morgan and Krejsi sample size determination formula, they were selected as the statistical sample of the study and participated in the research. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire developed by the teacher's professional qualifications. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, variance, confirmatory factor analysis and dependent T-test.

The results of t-test showed that there is a significant difference between the present and the desired status of teachers' professional competencies in all three qualifications (P≤0.05), in other words, to reach the desired situation.

Considering the acquired results of the present study, which indicates that teachers do not have professional competencies, it is necessary to consider such issues as strictly adhering to the principle of choosing teachers, paying attention to the welfare and livelihood components of teachers, holding new courses in service , Organizing workshops and participatory training sessions, developing a comprehensive system of evaluation of teachers' professional activities, conducting organized oversight and conducting corrective actions in this field, and providing a suitable platform for the promotion and development of professional qualifications of teachers, Provided.

This study aimed to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the "lesson study" course from executives perspective. The study employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods research design. The sample size consisted of 20 subjects selected through a purposive chain sampling and data saturation in qualitative section. In the qualitative section, the sample was saturated through a semi-structured interview with 20 people. In the quantitative section, 294 teachers were selected as a sample using Cochran's formula. The data collection instrument was semi-structured in the qualitative part of the interview and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative section.The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 5 professors of the curriculum and its reliability was obtained at 94% using Cronbach's alpha.  The data analysis instruments in the quantitative section was SPSS software v-23 and in the qualitative section was MAXQDA software. In the quantitative section descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as percentage, frequency, mean, and Friedman test were used. In the qualitative section, the semi-structured interviewing technique was employed. Findings of the qualitative research section were categorized into the most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the course, including components related to objectives, implementation and evaluation. The most important strengths are the participation promotion and exchange of views; the most critical weaknesses are its time-consuming nature, and restrictive laws are the most significant opportunities for developing culture and research capacity. The most critical threats were misunderstanding and lack of accountability in the lesson study course. The quantitative section results showed that development of participatory learning culture, theatrical performance of the lesson study course to participate in the festival, the publication of research resources on a large scale, and the course's time-consuming implementation are the most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the lesson study course from the teachers' viewpoints.

As one of the important infrastructures of the educational system of any country and the most important source of science and technology production, higher education plays a significant role in the development of lifelong learning. Universities should create a new movement in this direction by conatructing a platform for students to do longlife learning.The present study aims to explain the curricular elements and components of Farhangian University based on the lifelong learning approach and examine the validity of a developed scale in this field.

In the present study, exploratory mixed-methods research was used. Initially, qualitative data were collected and analyzed. Then, based on the obtained qualitative results, quantitative instruments were developed. After that, the quantitative data were collected and analyzed to validate the qualitative findings. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of experts in the field of lifelong learning, professors of Farhangian University, and curriculum specialists selected via a purposive sampling method. 33 participants were selected and interviewed via the semi-structured interviewing technique to obtain theoretical saturation in the data. In the quantitative section, a descriptive-survey method was employed. The statistical population in this section consisted of professors of the Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University of Isfahan Province as 242 individuals, among whom 145 participants were selected based on the Krejcie & Morgan table and via a cluster sampling method. Then, the researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among them. Among the returned questionnaires, 103 ones were quantitatively analyzed.

The findings of the qualitative section indicated that the curriculum based on the lifelong learning approach in Farhangian University consists of four main elements of goal (with 19 items), content (with 18 items), teaching-learning methods (with 15 items) and evaluation (with 17 items). In the quantitative section, it was also found that based on the results of the Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the elements and related items correctly measure the curriculum model for lifelong learning.

To sum up, it can be stated that the scale designed in 4 elements and 69 items is valid for evaluating the curricular elements based on the lifelong learning approach at Farhangian University. It can be the basis for making policies and reviewing curriculum at Farhangian University.

Strategic intelligence is a novel theory concerning organization issue for finding basic capabilities and competitive advantages in present unstable organizational environment. Intelligence process converts information and makes intelligence. This process is done through analysis, interpretation, composition and application of information in the future decision making of organizations so the purpose of the present study is Predicting the effectiveness of academic information system Based on the components of strategic intelligence in university of zabol. Strategic Intelligence questionnaire and standardized questionnaire for Effectiveness of Information Systems were employed for assessment. Finding reveals that there is a significant correlation between variables and also effectiveness of management information system and its components can be predicted by strategic intelligence. Results indicated that high strategic intelligence leads to the effectiveness of academic information which give competitive advantage to the organization and also deliver a product or service that is at a lower cost.

The present study was aimed to analyze the implementation of action research from the executing teachers’ viewpoints in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province via SWOT. To do so, a mixed-methods research was employed. The statistical population consisted of teachers, principals, specialists in the field of education and action research executives. The sample of the qualitative section consisted of 20 education experts selected via a purposive sampling method. Accordingly, data saturation was achieved. In the quantitative section with a 60-member population, 50 participants were selected via Morgan's table and stratified random sampling method. The research instrument was semi-structured interviewing in the qualitative section, and a36-item researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative section. The content analysis technique was used to analyze the data collected in the qualitative section, and descriptive and inferential statistical methods and software such as AMOS and SPSS were used in a quantitative section. The research Findings in the Strengths dimension include providing the necessary grounds for identifying and continuously solving educational and training problems, creating trust and motivation in teachers to solve problems continuously; in the Weaknesses dimension, findings include not promoting and developing teachers' professional knowledge, sharing experiences as a teaching-learning method just to present to the festival; in the Opportunities dimension, they include transforming school environments into a student-centered ones, providing an environment for teachers to learn from each other's ideas and knowledge; and finally in the Threats dimension, they include lacking in capable teachers to use in training courses.

The present study aims at assessing the status quo of the content of the curriculum implemented in the BA course of primary education at Teacher Training University via the lifelong learning approach. The study employed a descriptive-survey research method. The research population consisted of all professors of the department of educational sciences, Teacher Training University University, campuses of Isfahan province including 242 individuals. Using the proportionate-to-the-size stratified sampling method and observing the principle of randomness, 145 professors were selected as participants and data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. Finally, 103 copies of it were returned as the basis for analysis. The reliability of the instrument was obtained by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.94. Its validity was reviewed and confirmed by the experts and findings of factor analysis. Results indicated that the status quo of content of the BA elementary education curriculum is in a relatively desirable situation. Among the indicators, presenting learner-centered learning activities and emphasizing deep learning (problem-oriented) approaches have more desirable places than other indicators.

An extreme and harmful use of the Internet and computer games gives rise to many social, physical, and psychological challenges that disrupt people’s everyday lives. Accordingly, several countries have begun to set up Internet addiction centers. This study aimed to perform a needs assessment for establishing Internet addiction centers from the perspective of experts. In terms of data collection, the study is survey-based and descriptive. Fourteen participants were selected purposively from among faculty members of the psychology, educational science, and sociology faculty of Isfahan University. The data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method. Based on the results, five categories were identified: necessities and requirements, administrative and organizational issues, structural planning, public acceptance and promotion, and the barriers to the establishment of Internet addiction centers. To establish these centers, the findings indicate, it is necessary to consider administrative issues, necessities and requirements, barriers, and mechanisms for increasing public acceptance from different dimensions. Based on this study, detailed information is provided for managers to establish these centers.

Hard educational technologies received more attention today while soft educational technology has been considered as one of the keys and effective technologies in teaching and learning. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the use of soft educational technologies in teaching environmental issues in the first to the third grade of elementary science textbooks of Iran and Russia. This study is a descriptive analysis of the content. The statistical population of the study is all the first, second, and third-grade textbooks of sciences in Iran and the world around us in Russia. The statistical sample included environmental issues in the first, second, and third-grade elementary science textbooks of Iran and Russia. The research tool was a researcher-made checklist made by soft educational technology and an environmental health checklist from Yale University. The results showed that allegory and role-playing hadn't used at all to teach environmental issues in Iran. Questions and answers Iran 31.95, Russia 31.64)and comparisons of objects, the discovery of similarities and differences, and conclusions )Iran  20.61, Russia  17.72) have been widely used in both countries. In Iran, more emphasis has been placed on solving problems and carrying out projects(13.40), and more emphasis has been placed on the use of daily life activities(16.45) in teaching in Russia. The results also showed that the use of soft educational technology to teach environmental issues was given more significance in the third grade of an elementary school in both of the countries. Soft technology has been used less in the first grade of the elementary school of Iran but in the second grade of the elementary school of Russia.

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the quality assessment framework of massive open online courses. To achieve the purpose, the factors affecting the quality of MOOCs were extracted, classified and formulated as a framework. The research population comprised of educational technology experts across the country. The sample (200 n) were selected by convenience sampling technique due to the dispersion of the population. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed, validity and reliability of which was confirmed by the educational technology experts. The research data analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis method and SmartPLS software. The results indicate the MOOC quality assessment framework based on the Cronbach's alpha measures (composite reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity) is desirable, suitable and robust. This framework is also robust in terms of the structural model measured by the R2 and Q2 indexes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the elements of life skills education curriculum in terms of goals, content, evaluation, educational facilities, place, time and providing solutions for quality of life skills education. The research method is a mix-type method, which has been used as a combination of sequential explanation type. The statistical population in this research included a sample of 2196 first-grade primary school life skill teachers in Fars province, selected by multi-stage cluster sampling proportional to community size in 225 the researcher-made questionnaire was distributed between them and a qualitative sample 18 of the experts and teachers who interviewed were identified. Findings showed that from the viewpoint of teachers, the goals, content and evaluation of the curriculum of life skills education were of moderate quality but the time, space and educational facilities of the curriculum of life skills training of high school were of desirable quality. In the opinion of the expert and teachers, the curriculum of life skills should be designed in accordance with the goals and designed according to the need, interest and ability of students, science and technology of the world, the existing facilities and conditions, and it is necessary to teach the teaching problem-driven students rely on students and teach them how to deal with different social situations. According to the main mission of this lesson, the curriculum is designed to institutionalize life skills in students so that they can use these skills in the real world and interact with issues and problems of life.

Camputer games are one of the attractive recreational activites for children that takes considerable amount of children’ free time.. These games affect children’ physical, mental and psychological health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the complications of addication to violent computer games in mental, behavioral and physical dimention in children aged 5 to7 in shiraz.

The study was an mixed method study that used natural observation methods, interventions in the form of a single subject study, and a qualitative analysis through semi-organized and telephone interviews with parents . Frist, a list of active game nets in Shiraz was prepared. The game nets where considered no age-restrictions for registered members and usual users were identified. Among them, one of was randomly selected by lot. The game net had 90 users, among which 38 were registered member Behavior and the reactions of five boys aged 5-7 was observed and recorded in 8 months after their parents signed a formal consent. Then some the alternative gaming program was given to the children for 8 months. At the end the parents were interviewed for the last time about their childrens’ behaviors.

in psychological dimention, computer games increased false excitement, anxiety, impulsive behaviors, fear of loneliness, nail biting, and decreased interest in doing homeworks. In behavioral dimention, the games resulted in aggressiveness,violent showups, immorality, and angriness. They physical induced vision problems, sedentaryness, and overweight.Using alternative games reduced childrens aggressive behaviors and improved adaptation with their playmates and siblings.

Reducing play time and replacing computer games with childrens favorite games (puzzle games, painting, coloring, and educational classes) may reduce the negative effects of computer games.

With the advent of information technology in the modern era, the use of e-learning has facilitated the education. But in many courses there is a problem with a lack of efficient courseware. Brain-based learning theory has provided effective strategies for increasing efficiency in education that can be well applied in courseware development. One of the most difficult lessons is computer programming. Teachers look for ways to improve student learning in this lesson. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of courseware with brain-based learning approach on students' cognitive learning levels in computer programming course compared to conventional courseware.

This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with unequal control group. This study aimed to investigate the effect of courseware designed based on brain-based learning principles on the learning of eleventh grade female students in computer field in Isfahan work-knowledge vocational schools in computer programming course at each of Bloom's cognitive levels. Six 11th grade computer field classes were selected from work-knowledge vocational schools of Isfahan through cluster sampling method. Two classes were randomly assigned to each group, and 20 students were assigned to each of the Experimental 1, Experimental 2, and Control groups. In control group, training was performed in the conventional method. In Experimental1 group, in addition to the conventional method, a brain-compatible researcher-made courseware was used to learning. In Experiment2 group, in addition to the conventional method, a conventional courseware was applied that was available on the market. A researcher-made test containing the objectives of computer programming course at different levels of cognitive learning was conducted as pre-test and post-test for the three groups. The validity of this test was confirmed by a group of computer educators and the Isfahan Computer Training Department, and its reliability was calculated 0.746 by the Kuder-Richardson method. The multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

The results of data analysis showed that brain-compatible courseware significantly increased students' cognitive learning in knowledge and Comprehension levels (P <0.05). Also, the non-brain-compatible courseware significantly reduced students' cognitive learning at the synthesis level (P <0.05), and has not been able to enhance learning at other levels. In addition, brain-compatible software was significantly (P <0.05) more effective than non-brain-compatible courseware at knowledge, Comprehension, application and Synthesis levels of learning.

the courseware designed based on Brain-based learning strategies has been able to significantly enhance learner learning at cognitive levels of knowledge, comprehension, application, and synthesis compare to non-brain-based courseware. These findings indicate the remarkable superiority of brain-compatible courseware over non-brain-based courseware.

E-book is one of the forms of network publishing that has attracted extensive attention.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the acceptance of e-books among students of less-privileged areas such as Shahrekord.

In this descriptive, analytical study, 371 students of Shahrekord University were selected through simple random sampling. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 48 questions that was designed with the help of research literature related to the technology acceptance model and interviews with five educational technology experts. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Independent t-test, multiple regression and Pearson correlation tests.

Cultural factors had a significant impact on users’ attitudes and their use of e-books. A significant relationship was observed between the components of usefulness, ease of use, perceived enjoyment, cultural influences and attitude with the acceptance of e-books (P < 0.001). Also, the best predictors of acceptance and use of e-books were the components of perceived enjoyment, barriers, cultural influences, and attitudes.

The results regarding the identification of the factors affecting the acceptance of e-books can be used in virtual, non-formal and distance learning centers to design primary and supplementary educational resources. Design engineers and e-book providers can also use the findings of the current research to improve and promote electronic products.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the gap between expectations and perceptions of users of the student information system. The research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection method, is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of the users (Managers and Executive deputies) of the elementary schools of Kermanshah city with 281 people. According to Morgan table, 162 of them were selected as sample. The questionnaire was used as a data gathering tool. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the professors. To verify the reliability of the questionnaire, the value of 0.78 for Cronbach's alpha indicates that the questionnaire is acceptable. The basis of the servqual model and the descriptive and inferential statistics techniques used in SPSS 20 software was used to calculate the mean and standard deviation of perceptions and expectations, normal distribution of data, a meaningful gap analysis, and descriptive statistics. Research findings suggest that there is a gap between users' expectations and perceptions. Therefore, the need to redesign the student system is felt based on user expectations.

The present study is qualitative in the field of interpretive studies Using Phenomenology Research Strategy, he is trying to explain the experience of students from active learning in the reciprocal class; Therefore, the unit of research in this study included all students of undergraduate science education In the first semester of the academic year 1396-1397 in an academic classroom Were trained in flipped classroom Based on the data saturation criterion, 17 students were considered as examples. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview which was analyzed on the basis of the internal method of Van Menen's approach And for accreditation of data, four criteria were used: reliability, portability, reliability and verification capabilities. According to the data obtained, two main components were identified Which was the first case of independent learning, including the following sub-themes: Attention to individual differences, personal feedback, acceptance of learning responsibilities, perceptions and problem solving And the second was a collaborative learning that included the following sub-themes: Interactions, sharing experiences and engaging in the learning process Which can reflect the student's experience of learning to be active in the flipped classroom.

Using an e-learning and smart system can reinforce the knowledge and efficiency of the course in a better way. Therefore, today's schools should be designed for the information age. The purpose of the present study is studying the effectiveness of using smart boards in the curriculum elements, from the viewpoint of teachers in the second grade of high school. This research has been conducted qualitatively, and is an applied research, based on the activity acceptance theory. The data collection method was observation and semi-structured interviews. The statistical sample for the interviews consisted of 20 second grade high school teachers in Isfahan and their classrooms were observed. Data analysis –a qualitative content analysis- was simultaneously carried out with data collection. The results of this research showed that smart boards have such characteristics considering 4 curriculum elements (purpose, content, strategy, class and assessment) and 2 TAM elements (ease of application and perceived benefit) that generally instances of saving and restoring the content, color variation in the area of application, using various pages, flexibility in the classroom management and the form of students’ sitting, and continuous and gradual assessment were mentioned in the area of ease of application; and in the area of perceived benefit instances like high precision, increasing students’ motivation and interest, synchronizing students with the current advances, the need for objectification in some lessons, using the time optimally and preventing from wasting the time, and oral assessments were the most important factors mentioned by the teachers.

The main aim of the present study is to explain the theoretical framework of the concept of the flipped classroom approach and to answer the question that how theflipped classroom approach, which is a pivotal and active learning claim, responds to the challenge of time management in classrooms and facilitates pivotal and active learning. To achieve this goal, systematic review and conceptual analysis methods were employed. The results indicated that each of the basic components of the flipped classroom approach consists of elements comprising the component of instructions inside classrooms, covering learner-centered learning theories and interactive activities, and the component of instructions outside classrooms, including teacher-centered learning theories and direct learning. In addition, the flipped classrooms responds with the transfer of lectures outside the classrooms and the allocation of class time to improve learner's understanding and learning activities for better understanding the lesson concepts and meet the aforementioned challenges. Moreover, the learner-centered learning activities include active learning, peer learning, cooperative learning, problem-solving learning, and participatory learning, which was consistent with theoretical evidence of the flipped classroom approach.

This study investigated the role of training workshops in developing information literacy of Marrakech Steel employees. In this study, a sample consisting of 30 Mobarakeh Steel employees were Isfahan city. The Convenience Sampling method was used for sampling. In order to research, one experimental sample was used and it has no control group. The research methods of achieving the quasi-experimental design, pretest, and posttest in the experimental group were selected. In order to gather information, pretest and posttest questionnaire assessment, review of the literature, organizational documents, were used. For measuring information needs. Seven-item scale was designed, for measuring identifying information resources, ten-item scale, for search and information access, a 7-item scale, for evaluation of information 2-item scale, for management and organization of information 3-item scale, for use of information 3-item scale were used. After performing the study using test questions. Information needs, identifying information, search and information access, evaluation of information, management and organization of information, for use of information, was measured. Analysis of data from pretest and posttest scores in both descriptive and inferential statistics was done. Descriptive statistics were used for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, and inferential statistics were used for Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired t-test and Friedman test.
Findings: According to the results obtained of data analysis can be said there was a significant difference between the level of information literacy among the participants, before and after the training workshops. Based on the study findings, it seems that Information Literacy training workshops, has an important role in increasing the level of information literacy of the Mobarakeh Seel company employees.  

The purpose of the present study was to examine the learning process in the Flipped Classroom which was done according to the qualitative method And using the research method of grounded theory of type Systematic.The analysis unit consisted of 17 undergraduate students in the field of science education in the academic year 1396-1395 in an academic classroom Which is in 12 sessions Were trained. The main instrument of the research was a semi-structured interview that collected data is analyzed through the encoding method of Strauss and Corbin and Creswell and Miller criteria are used for the purpose of validating the finding. Findings showed the main focus of the student learning process In the Flipped Classroom class is active learning That this learning is influenced by factors such as: causal conditions(outer and inner motives), strategies learning process(collaborative, exploratory, independent and deep),context(time management, teaching materials and lesson plans) and confounding conditions (individual factors, educational, and cultural organization) Which ultimately leads to improving the Outcomes (individual and educational) students.

The purpose of this research was to study the factors affecting the development of Electronically human resource management. The research method was survey. The statistical population included all of managers and employees in university of Isfahan in 1393. The sample size was 260 people that chosen based on simple sample method. Data collection instruments were two questionnaires: the factors affecting the development of e-HRM and development of e-HRM. Respectively, the reliability of them estimated 0/973 and 0/884. Data has been analyzed by SPSS 22 using stepwise multiple regression test. The result of analysis showed:Organizational and ICT human resources factors have significant impact on the development of e-HRM. In addition, in the among of components of organizational factor: top managers, organization communications and organization ICT components, in the among of components of environmental factor: Socio-cultural and the private sector components, in the among of components of ICT human resources factor: developing strategies component and in the among of components of designing e- HRM System factor: Information quality and system quality components have significant impact on the development of e-HRM.

The cellar phone technologies are the most important invention in human life history, because of the easy of using them in different aspects, people of both groups in developed and developing countries are using them. In addition, of the positive effects of this technology on different aspects of people lives, they had negative effects such as head ache, disorders in user’s behavior’s such as psychological side effects that are mentioned in different articles by a variety of methods that are used by researchers. The little research has been done to this point that these new technologies do not have equal effects on all people the same, because of different characteristics of audiences such as different cultures and social backgrounds and also according to their mental health and psychological traits. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of demographic and psychological characteristics of students on their addictions to cellar phone among Shahrkord Universities’ students.
Material and The present research was an applied and descriptive one, because the results could be used for planners and policy makers of the media areas. The research method was survey and correlation type. Statistical population included all students of different universities from SharKord city (including Payam Noor, Azad and Medical Sciences faculties’ members). 297 students were selected randomly from the total students according to their proportion in the population. One questionnaire with 3 sections were used for gathering data: 1) self-made questionnaire for providing the demographic information such as gender, marriage status, age, , university type, economic and social status, living address, university disciplines, access to technologies, the rate and kind of using cellar. 2) Hooper, & Zhou’s questionnaire (2007) with 32 items for measuring the 6 addiction levels of cellar phone instruments such as: habitual behaviors, intentional, dependence, compulsive and addictive behaviors of mobile users. Section 3 of the questionnaire included questions related to students’ psychological traits such as physical complements, obsessive compulsive, paranoid behaviors, anxiety, phobia, depression. These traits were measured by SCL-90 questionnaire .Analyzing data was done by SPSS software. Two types of statistics analysis were used: in descriptive ones; frequencies, percentages, means were used and in inferential statistics we used One way of variance analysis and X2, LSD.
Discussions of Results & Results indicated that there were no relationship between students’ addictive cellar phone behaviors and demographic information such as: genders, university type, living address and their disciplines. But there was a relation between students’ habitual behaviors for cellar phone usage with their married status of students. The attained results are in the same line as researches were done by Marlo (2009), Pawlowska & Potembska, (2011) and Takao (2013). Single persons used mobile settings for different purposes more than married ones. One reason may be that singles have more free time for spending with their friends in two forms of virtual and real time. The other main results were that there were also relations between students’ addiction to cellar phone with their psychological status, especially with patients with Paranoid and obsessive compulsive behaviors. The people with obsessive compulsive behaviors use cellar phones more than other groups, because they avoid from presence in society and they prefer to touch with their friends by mobile phones. The other group are paranoid disorder people who use mobile phones less than other people because they have suspect thoughts. The results of the present study are in line with other research that indicate addiction to mobile settings are related to the psychological traits such as social anxiety and nervousness, and personality traits of extraversion and neuroticism. We conclude that we can control the addiction to cellar phone addiction by treating the psychological traits of users.