bibi fatemeh nobakht motlagh ghoochani

The fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been proposed as a noninvasive measure of airway inflammation. FeNO levels were assessed in this study to evaluate airway inflammatory characteristics in mustard airway disease (MAD).
 Thirty-three MAD patients were involved in the study to determine the level of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and its relationship to lung function; 16 MAD patients with normal symptoms and 17 MAD patients with severe symptoms were identified from this sample. To regulate their condition, severe individuals were given inhaled corticosteroids.
Exhaled NO levels were greater in severe patients than in normal patients, but this was not significant. Furthermore, the findings revealed that FeNO concentrations were positively linked with carbon monoxide transfer factor in the severe group (TLCO). We were unable to find a link between pulmonary volumes and FeNO levels. We also found that 17% of patients in the severe category had FeNO levels greater than 40 ppb (cutoff point of FeNO for patients with asthma). Although, the severe group's usage of inhaled   corticosteroids may lower FeNO levels.
Based on the FeNO results, we conclude that MAD is a diverse disorder. Exhaled NO was found to be able to detect the asthma phenotype in MAD, and FeNO was found to be a beneficial supplement to aid lung function during MAD evaluation. FeNO levels in MAD patients were similar to those in COPD patients.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most abundant chronic liver disorder, because racial and ethnic differences may influence prevalence and severity of NAFLD.

This metabolomic study was conducted to identify the metabolic biomarkers and determine the mechanism of progress of NAFLD in Iranian patients.

Serum samples were collected from 75 participants (37 healthy controls and 38 patients with NAFLD) after an overnight fast. The metabolome of all samples were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and were compared by multivariate statistical analysis.

Totally, 19 metabolomic biomarkers were identified by NMR. Compared to healthy controls, NAFLD patients had increased serum concentrations of glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, valine, isoleucine, succinic acid, isocitric acid, 2-ketoglutaric acid, trimethylamine, proline, hydroxyproline and tyrosine, while the concentrations of butyric acid, propionic acid, isovaleric acid, glutamine, glycine, and serine decreased.

A robust set of biomarkers for diagnosis of NAFLD was established. Serum metabolomics biomarkers revealed changes in some amino acids and their derivatives, bile acids, short chain fatty acids, and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in subjects with NAFLD compared to healthy controls. These markers could be used as indicators regarding the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

Hepatitis B virus infection causes chronic disease such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The metabolomics investigations have been demonstrated to be related to pathophysiologic mechanisms in many disorders such as hepatitis B infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the saliva metabolic profile of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection and to identify underlying mechanisms as well as potential biomarkers associated with the disease. Saliva from 16 healthy subjects and 20 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Then, multivariate statistical analysis was performed to identify discriminative metabolites between two groups. A set of metabolites were detected, including propionic acid, putrescine, acetic acid, succinic acid, tyrosine, lactic acid, butyric acid, pyruvic acid, 4-pyridoxic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, which in combination with one another could accurately distinguish patients from healthy controls. Our results clearly demonstrated altered metabolites are involved in nine metabolic pathways. Metabolomics has the potential to be considered as a novel clinical tool for hepatitis B diagnosis while contributing to a comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms.

We aimed to determine these parameters in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using pro-oxidant antioxidant balance assay. In human, pro-oxidants and antioxidants are normally produced and there is a balance between production and deletion of them. When the balance between oxidants and antioxidants are disrupted oxidative stress occurs. Oxidative stress is known one of the main mechanisms for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Many investigations have evaluated some oxidants and/or antioxidant status in these patients. However, studies explaining the antioxidant status and the oxidant burden in these patients are lacking. Sera from 35 healthy subjects and 38 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were recruited. Then, the pro-oxidant burden and the antioxidants capacity were measured by pro-oxidant antioxidant balance assay. There was no significant difference in the mean pro-oxidant antioxidant balance values between the two study groups. The results demonstrated that serum pro-oxidant antioxidant balance values were positively correlated with BMI and age in the patient group. Furthermore, the pro-oxidant antioxidant balance significantly increased in women when compared with men in all participants. It demonstrated that increased antioxidant status could be as a response reflecting of the organism to elevated oxidants in NAFLD patients which may lead to unchanged PAB values.Keywords: Oxidative stress, NAFLD, Pro-oxidants/ antioxidants balance.(Please cite as: Nobakht Motlagh Ghoochani FB, Ghafourpour M, Abdollahi F, Tavallai SH. Pro-oxidant antioxidant balance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2019;12(2):124-130).