danial ashiani

In forensic medicine, several bones are used to determine gender. The most important and widely used are the skull and pelvis. But in some cases, the mentioned bones may not be available, and other bones, such as the scapula bone, should be used.

This study aimed to investigate and locate the anthropometric indices of scapula bone in the Iranian population to determine gender.

In this project, a study was performed on a chest scan of 259 Iranians referred to Besat NAHAJA Hospital in 2016. Pack software was used to measure the scapula’s indices. The obtained data, including age, gender, and different scapula sizes of max width of glenoid (MWG),maxlength of glenoid (MLG), maxwidth of scapula (MWS), andmaxlength of scapula (MLS), were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Assessment of differential ability, sensitivity, and specificity of scapula anthropometric indices was used in determining gender.

Of 259 participants in this study, 133 (51.4%) were female, and 126 (48.6%) were male. Generally, the mean index of MWG, MLG, MWS, and MLS was higher inmenthanwomenin the studied population. The results of this study showed there is a significant difference among scapula features in men and women (P < 0.05). The highest accuracy in determining gender was assigned to MLS, with 88.9%, and the lowest was assigned to MLG, with 66.3%.

Our study showed that measured anthropometric indices, including length and width of scapula bone and glenoid cavity, will help to predict gender and also can be used as an accurate and practical tool in gender determination.

Noble metal nanoparticles have a great potential for biological study, especially the use of gold nanoparticles is popular. In this work gold nanoparticles (GNPs), silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and gold-silver hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) synthesized and used as a carrier for electrochemical investigation of redox protein. Optical characterization of these nanoparticles was performed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The optical absorption spectra of HNPs solution shows only one plasmon absorption, it is concluded that mixing of gold and silver leads to a homogeneous formation of alloy nanoparticles. LCR meter study shows the HNPs is best conductance in compare of GNPs and SNPs. Therefore, the electron transfer of the homogenous glucose oxidase (GOx), horse radish peroxides (HRP) and hemoglobin (Hb) was investigates by electrochemical method in presence of HNPs. They demonstrated quasi-reversible cyclic voltammograms with a formal potential of -479, -178 and,168 mV in 50 mM phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 respectively.

Candida spp. are members of a genus, including closely related fungal species that cause a variety of infections..
The aim of this study was the isolation of various Candida species from vulvovaginitis and urethra of patients in Neyshabur, Northeast Iran from 2013 to 2015..
This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed to identify Candida spp. causing vulvovaginitis and Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) at a referral laboratory in Neyshabur district, Khorasan Razavi Province. A total of 451 vaginal and midstream urine samples were collected. Ten micro-liters of each specimen was cultured on CHROM agar plates and then incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 hours, aerobically. Candida species were identified based on colony morphology, germ tube production and micro-morphology on corn meal agar including 1% Tween 80..
The mean age of the patients was 34.7 ± 16.3. Candida albicans was the predominant species isolated. Moreover, age groups of 21 to 30 and 0 to 1 years were the most and the least infected individuals. Moreover, Candida spp. were significantly more common in females compared to males (P value 103..
In this study, C. albicans was the most common species isolated from patients with vulvovaginitis and UTI, and significantly more common amongst females compared to males. The prevalence of candida spp. had significantly declined from 2013 to 2015. Moreover, the candida spp. counts were mostly higher than 103cfu/mL..