فهرست مطالب davoodi

In a strategic shock, the Taliban in Afghanistan entered Kabul on August 15, following a crisis caused by the Western military withdrawal, the reluctance of the Afghan government and national security forces to fight, and the Taliban's will for power. The early withdrawal of American forces from Afghanistan and the fall of Kabul to the Taliban will have important consequences for the region and international politics more broadly. The developments in Afghanistan with the influence of the Taliban on Afghanistan and the formation of a government by this group have become a matter of concern for the neighboring countries of this country. Iran, as one of Afghanistan's neighboring countries, adopted policies against the Taliban's control over Afghanistan and the formation of a government by this group. Afghanistan, as one of the eastern neighbors of Iran, which has a water and land border with Iran, is naturally a part of the Iranian plateau and has many similarities with Iran in terms of history and culture. The eastern borders of Iran are one of the most important two-way crossings of human, economic and cultural exchanges for the two countries. In terms of geopolitics, in the eastern borders of Iran, respectable Baloch people live, whose relatives are also present in the two countries of Afghanistan and Pakistan, who are always provoked by elements related to foreign intelligence and espionage services for various ethnic and religious reasons. Also, over the years, these borders have been one of the most important security challenges regarding human and drug trafficking. More than millions of Afghans have tasted the problems of these borders in the last four decades; The recent one-year developments in Afghanistan and the re-emergence of the Taliban in Afghanistan's chess scene have also caused many Afghans to flock to Iran's borders, which continues.
The Taliban regained power in Afghanistan with the withdrawal of American forces following the capture of Kabul, the capital of this country, and caused the Islamic Republic of Iran to face some contradictions in facing its eastern neighbors. Iran is not clear-cut, it looks at what is happening as a threat and doubts and does not consider the existence of conspiracy in all developments far from mind. This article collected data using qualitative method and in the framework of aggressive realism, and thematic analysis technique was used to extract the content. This article was formed with the aim of identifying the approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding the Taliban's re-establishment of power and seeks to answer the question, what approach has the Islamic Republic of Iran adopted towards the Afghan Taliban? Also, the authors will examine this hypothesis by stating that the early withdrawal of American forces from Afghanistan and the fall of Kabul to the Taliban has once again changed the turbulent conditions of the Middle East and its geopolitical equations and led to an impact on Iran's interests. and on the other hand, the Taliban, as an extremist Sunni group, is still considered a threat to Iran's national security from the ideological point of view. The results of the research show that based on Iran's position and sensitive role in the region, Iran's positions will be different with regard to the Taliban's approach.
According to the nature of the subject and in order to answer the question in this research, the descriptive-analytical method has been used. In the descriptive-analytical method, the researcher, in addition to revealing what is, describes and explains the whys and hows of the problem and its forms. The method and tool of collecting information and data is in the form of documents in which the researcher has collected the required information using reliable sources or interviews with experts and experts in this field.    
The findings of the article show that Iran's positions will be different according to the Taliban's approach. If the Taliban moves towards the distribution of power and includes other ethnic groups, especially the Shiites and Turkic-speaking people, in the structure of the government, considering that Iran ideologically has a lot in common with the Shiites and Hazaras of Afghanistan, and all these issues are in favor of Iran. is, the goal of the Taliban can be aligned with the interest of the Islamic Republic of Iran. But if the Taliban's approach is based on the monopoly of power, considering that the ideology of this group is different from Iran and they are closer to Saudi Arabia, it seems that the relations between Iran and the Taliban will not be friendly.
The Taliban is an ultra-conservative political and religious faction that emerged with the withdrawal of Soviet forces and the collapse of the communist regime in Afghanistan. This group, which was founded by Mullah Muhammad Omar in the southern part of Afghanistan, centered on the Pashtun people. The Taliban, with their religious and extremist ideology, took drastic measures. In August 2021, the Taliban was able to start a massive advance with the withdrawal of American forces, and it was a good opportunity for the Taliban in Afghanistan to dominate the whole of Afghanistan in a short time. On the one hand, the unfavorable political-security situation, economic crisis, social issues, extreme ideology as internal factors, and on the other hand, the decisions and actions of international powers, including the United States, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia, as external factors in the formation of the phenomenon of Talibanism. Afghanistan has been effective and has enabled the Taliban to quickly advance inside Afghanistan and take control of the capital and force the previous government to flee and become the undisputed ruler of Afghanistan. Considering that the situation in Afghanistan has been messed up for many years. These disturbances can be a threat to the countries of the region, especially the Islamic Republic of Iran. With this consideration, the dimensions and security issues that have arisen against the Islamic Republic of Iran have caused Iran to deal with Afghanistan with a tactical approach with the aim of managing and repelling threats in its foreign policy.

In the present research work, the potential probiotic properties of Lactococcus lactis KMCM3 and Lactobacillus helveticus KMCH1 isolated from raw camel milk and traditional fermented camel milk (Chal), respectively, were studied. The probiotic properties of isolates that were investigated included the hemolysis, antibiotic resistance, antibacterial features, resistance to low pH and bile salts, survival under simulated GastroIntestinal Tract (GIT) conditions, adhesion ability to hydrocarbon, and their auto-aggregation and co-aggregation rates. None of isolates exhibited hemolytic activity. They were susceptible against tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and vancomycin. Lac. lactis KMCM3 and L. helveticus KMCH1 retained their viability at pH 3.0 (8.68 and 8.6 log cfu mL-1, respectively), 0.3% w/v bile salts (8.23 and 8.58 log cfu mL-1, respectively) and under simulated GIT conditions (8.31 and 8.46 log cfu mL-1, respectively). Both of these isolates inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, B. cereus and S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium with MIC values of 6.25 to 25 mg mL-1. In addition, They exhibited an ability to adhere to hydrocarbon (xylene), and possessed a high auto-aggregation and co-aggregation rate (more than 40%).

In order to study the effect of phosphate and zinc bio-treatments on inorganic P fractionation in two cultivars of bean, an experiment was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design. The research treatments consisted of two cultivars of bean (Talash and Sadri), four levels of P (P0: Control, P1: Use of TSP fertilizer on the basis of soil test, P2: 50 percentage of TSP + P biofertilizer, and P3: Use of P biofertilizer), and three levels of Zn (Zn0: Control, Zn1: 50 kg ha-1 ZnSO4, and Zn3: Use of biological Zn treatment). The results revealed that there were significant differences between the two cultivars on Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Ca10-P and total P. The minimum amount of inorganic P fractions was obtained from root zone soil of Sadri cultivar. The effect of P treatment was significant on inorganic P fractions, except Al-P, Fe-P and O-P. The amount of inorganic P forms showed an increase in P1 and a decrease in P2 and P3 treatments. The effect of Zn treatment was significant on inorganic P fractions, except Al-P and O-P. The minimum amount of inorganic P fractions was obtained from Zn2. Among the interaction effects, the triple interaction effect of cultivar × P × Zn was significant on Ca2-P and Ca10-P and the double interaction effect of P × Zn was significant on Ca2-P، Ca8-P, Ca10-P and TP. The maximum amounts of these forms were obtained from C1P1Zn0 and P1Zn0, and the minimum from C2P2Zn2, P2Zn2 and P2Zn3 treatments. Sadri cultivar and phosphate and Zn bio-treatments had higher efficiency in release and uptake of P inorganic forms.

Machining and rolling processes are used to produce threads. The thread rolling process is more considered by the producers because of necessity to threads with high quality and strength in different industries. Other advantages of this process are producing without chips and wasting of material with high rate of manufacturing. Because of indicated geometry and small sizes of the threads studying on them is difficultly. As for increasing demands to accuracy, speed and optimization of manufacturing process the regard to the finite elements simulations of processes has been increased by the investigators. At this article making threads on St37 steel pipes has been done. For studying microhardness, texture of material and strength of threads made by thread rolling some tests were design and done. Then the results compared with process simulation results in ABAQUS commercial code and the results got by machining threading process. The results showed that the hardness and strength is significantly improved in the threads made by thread rolling and the hardness of these threads is higher than threads made by machining process.

In the indoor swimming pools, due to the presence of people with different individual characteristics, it is important to design an air conditioning system which can provide thermal comfort conditions for the occupants. Since the differences in the persons’ individual parameters such as gender and body composition, it is required to study the effect of these parameters on the thermal comfort in swimming pools. On the other hand, the location of the air inlet diffuser is one of the effective factors affecting the thermal comfort conditions. In this study, by using the individual 3-node thermal comfort model, the effect of individual parameters on the thermal sensation of people in an indoor swimming pool has been evaluated. The results show that women are more sensitive than men to the cold conditions. In addition, it can be seen that BMI has a significant impact on people thermal sensation. So, thin people are colder thermal sensation than those with healthy physical fitness, and overweight people have a warmer sensation. Based on the results, with the change in body mass index, the index of the thermal sensation can change up to 0.4 units. This is very important in the evaluation of thermal comfort.

In order to investigate the effects of different levels of vermicompost and nitroxin on the qualitative properties of medicinal plant marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the greenhouse of Gonbad-e-Kavos University during 2014-2015. The first factor was vermicompost fertilizer treatment at six levels (0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 70% and 100%) and the second factor was biological nitroxin fertilizer at two levels of inoculation (25 ml/kg soil) and no inoculation with nitroxin. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effects of nitroxin, vermicompost and their interaction on all traits studied were significant. However, the total phenol content was only significant in the vermicompost treatment. The results showed that the highest total phenol content, chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll were obtained in 10% vermicompost treatment with nitroxin inoculation. The highest chlorophyll b content was related to 10% vermicompost treatment without nitroxin inoculation. The highest nitrogen content in the plant and catalase content were obtained from 100% vermicompost treatment with nitroxin inoculation, and 100% vermicompost without nitroxin inoculation, respectively. The highest amount of essential oil was obtained from 100% vermicompost treatment with nitroxin inoculation and the lowest was obtained from control treatment without nitroxin inoculation. According to the results, 100% and 70% vermicompost with nitroxin inoculation could be suggested as a suitable treatment for the production of marigold essential oil.

Sulfur is mainly used to reduce soil pH and increasing nutrients availability in the calcareous soils. However, this process strongly depends on oxidation rate and its affecting factors (e.g. soil moisture content). In this research, the impacts of two soil moisture regimes (40 and 60 % of saturation) and four Sulfur levels (0, 500, 1000 and 10000 kg ha-1) inoculated with Thiobacillus bacteria on sulfur oxidation rates and some chemical soil characteristics were assessed in a complete randomized blocks design with three replications and two soil types (Kharghani and Khaldar) during one year and under constant 25 Co temperature. In this research, soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Phosphorus (P), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn) and sulfate concentration (SO42-) were measured. The results revealed that the pH adversely significantly (P<0.01) decreased with increasing sulfur amount, while EC, Fe, Zn and SO4 increased. The highest amount of pH reduction, increasing of EC, Fe, Zn and SO42-observed with application of 10,000 kg Sulfur ha-1. Finally, the respective difference for pH, EC and SO42-compared withcontrol treatment in the Khargani soil were 0.38 units, 1.72 dS m-1, 2588 mg kg-1 and 60 days’ incubation; and in khaldar soil 2.1 units, 3.2 dS m-1and 4984 mg kg-1 in 360 days’ incubation. The amount of Fe and Zn available were found 3.53 and 0.87 mg kg-1, respectively indicating significant increasing compared with control plot in Khaldar soil. The highest P content was observed 0.5 and 4.1 mg kg-1 in Khargani and khaldar soils, respectively followed by 1000 kg Sulfur ha-1 application. It is concluded that the amount of sulur oxidation decreased followed by increasing in both sulfur content and incubation period. The highest increment was observed by applying 500 kg Sulfur ha-1. According to the results, Sulfur application up to 1000 kg ha-1 is suggested.

Biotechnologic methods are common for secondary metabolites production from the plants and other sources in pharmaceutical sciences. Hairy root cell lines as the biotechnologic method have been used for in vitro production of major plant metabolites. In this study, hairy roots of Hypericum Perforatum have been prepared using the seeds and bio transformed by bacteria. Finally, the hypericin have been producted by the hairy roots. First, the seeds have been incubated in the plant media to hairy roots produced. Then, the hairy roots have been dipped in Rhizobium rizogenes suspension for biotransformation of bacterial genes. Morphological and phytochemical features of hairy roots have been determined in order to select the H. perforatum genotypes with higher hypericin contents. The fresh and dry weight of ten lines clones were measured after 30 days. In addition to, methanolic extracts of final hairy roots have been prepared and hypericin has been isolated and assayed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. According to the observations, one of ten hairy root lines shows 75-fold higher hypericin content (339.27 ppm) compared to non-transformed H. perforatum (4.58 ppm) in the same of body weight of roots. The clone with the most content of hypericin had significant development of biomass of hairy roots and increase the hypericin production. Transformed clones were varied in morphology, growth, and metabolite productivity. The mentioned methods induce the production of hairy root secondary metabolites in high scale to improve the quality and the quantity of pharmaceutical compounds.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational self-esteem and organizational performance and job satisfaction among managers of Azna and Aligudarz counties. The community of this research is all the managers and department of vocational schools of Azna and Aligudarz, whose number is 75 people who work in 95-96. Based on the number of statistical societies that were 75 and not a few, the census sampling method was used. The research was descriptive-applied and correlational method was used. In this research, three tools of research were used: Peers et al. (1989), Organizational Performance Questionnaire (Achieve), Hersey and Goldsmiths(2003) Organizational Performance Questionnaire and Davis & Lafkvist(2006) Job Adjustment Questionnaire For data analysis, SPSS software and Levine test for homogeneity of variances, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for equality of variances and Pearson correlation test were used to test the hypotheses. It can be concluded that between organizational self-esteem with performance Organizational and occupational adjustment have a positive and constructive relationship with the research hypotheses Accepted.
There is a direct and positive relationship between organizational self-esteem and organizational performance and job adjustment. In other words, with increasing self-esteem in the staff, the performance of individuals and their job satisfaction increases, which indicates the importance of self-esteem in people in Has a better performance in the organization.

Dung beetles play a significant role in mixing organic materials in nutrition cycle, dung recycling, adjustment of physical and chemical characteristics of soil and controlling arthropod pests (mostly Diptera). These beetles are distributed throughout the world. In order to collect and identify dung beetles in western part of Guilan Province, a faunal investigation was provided during spring to autumn of 2015. In total eight species belonging to four genera were found and identified from eight zones in western part of Guilan Province in Iran. Onthophagus formaneki Reitter, 1897 is reported for the first time from Guilan province. The list of identified species are as follow:Copris lunaris (Linnaeus, 1758), Copris hispanus (Linnaeus, 1764), Oniticellus fulvus (Goeze, 1777), Oniticel1us pallipes (Fabricius, 1781), Onthophagus taurus (Schreber, 1759), Onthophagus illyricus (Scopoli, 1763), Onthophagus formaneki Reitter, 1897*, Sisyphus schaefferi boschniaki Fischer, 1823.

After passing several years of rural guide plans(tarhe hadi), it is necessary to be evaluated to find out its effects on the life quality of the villagers, also by identifying strengths and weaknesses; the required Information to enhance the life quality of the villagers is achieved. This is the main aim of this article which is descriptive - analytical in nature and its data have been collected from two sources: documentary and field data (interviews, questionnaires, observation). To determine the sample size of the study, the households in 8 villages (1252 households) of Khavmirabad district which from their villages guide plans at least 5 years has passed. Then Cochran formula has been used and 250 households act as the sample size and after distributing questionnaires among the villages, randomly stratified simple questionnaires were distributed among households. The results of data analysis using descriptive statistics (mean and mode) and inferential statistics (chi square, t single sample, Pearson correlation and path analysis) showed that conducting projects in promoting economic and social aspects and the quality of life of the villagers failed to promote and improve the quality of life for villagers in two dimensions and physical environment is sent. The physical dimensions have the greatest impact on improving the quality of life of the villagers by conducting projects.

The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship of parenting styles and insecure attachment style with addiction potential under the mediating role of personality traits and identity styles in students of Shahid Chamran University.
This was a correlational study where 178 participants were selected by multistage random sampling method. Iranian addiction potential scale, Parenting Styles Scale, Insecure Attachment Style Scale (ambivalent/anxiety and avoidance), NEO Personality Inventory (neuroticism and openness to experience), and Identity Style Scale (diffusion and premature identity) constituted the data collection tools in this study.
The proposed model was tested using path analysis. To test the indirect correlates, Bootstrap test was used. The results indicated that the proposed model was well fitted with the data. Specifically, the results showed that permissive and authoritarian parenting styles and insecure attachment style had a significant direct effect and an indirect effect through neuroticism, openness, diffusion identity, and premature identity on addiction potential.
It was concluded that both proximal factors (personality traits) and distal factors (identity and parenting styles) should be considered for the control and treatment of addiction.

Currently the rate of Internet exploitations is increasing among college students and has become an important part of their life. Beside the benefits and advantages of Internet usage, abuse, extreme exploitation, and over dependence on the Internet can lead to complications. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction and feelings of happiness among Dezful Medical Sciences University students.
This research is a cross-sectional study, which was performed on 276 qualified Dezful Medical Sciences University students in 2014 with the method of available census. The tools utilized for data collection consisted of demographic questionnaire, Young Internet Addiction Standard criterion, and Happiness Oxford Standard criterion. The data were analyzed via the SPSS software.
In this study, 1.8% of female students was addicted to the Internet, which was 0.9% more compared to male students (P = 0.033). There were significant statistical correlations between the utilization of various websites and Internet addiction (P = 0.044). A significant statistical correlation was observed between daily usage and Internet addiction (P = 0.0001). The correlation coefficient between Internet addiction and student vitality, freshness, and joy was -0.085 (P = 0.185).
The results showed that daily use of the Internet by students, who have Internet addiction cause a decrease in feelings of happiness among students. It is recommended for educational programs to motivate students towards correct methods of Internet use.

Mahneshan­­–­­Mianeh Cenozoic basin, in southern part of SE­–­­termination of North Tabriz Fault, is located between two distinct NW and N Iran tectonic domains affected by different Quaternary tectonic and stress regimes, with a transitional boundary. Determining the Quaternary state of stress in the area of interest is a key to locate the locus of this transition between the two tectonic domains. In this study, Quaternary stress state of the area was studied using the inversion of fault kinematics data (with well-known sense and chronology) measured in 25 sites in the Mahneshan­­–­­Mianeh Cenozoic basin. Our results indicate a homogenous modern compressional stress field characterized by a NE-trending horizontal maximum stress axis (~N055) prevailing through Quaternary, and coherent with the direction of the Arabia­–­Eurasia convergence in Iran.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the Response of duodenum histomorphometric characteristics, pH and microbial population of alimentary canal to silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite with 375 Cobb 500 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replicates and 15 birds to each replicate. The examination treatments were: 1) control diet (C) 2) control diet supplemented with 1% zeolite (Z) (3, 4, and 5) control diet supplemented with 1% zeolite coated with 0.25% (NS25), 0.5% (NS50) and 0.75% (NS75) nanosilver. group NS50 increased villi surface area compared with the control treatment and group NS25 (P<0.05). On d 42, groups NS25 and NS50 increased crop lactobacillus population compared with control treatment and group Z (P<0.05). The use of all treatments (Z, NS25, NS50 and NS75) decreased ceca coliforms compared with the control treatment (P<0.05). Also, the all of treatments decreased crop pH compared with the control treatment (P<0.05). Groups NS50 and NS75 decreased ceca pH compared with the control treatment (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite decreased pH and coliforms Harmful bacteria population and increased lactobacillus Beneficial bacteria and the end increased villi surface area of broiler chickens and it can be considered as a growth and health promoters.

This study aims to determine the effect of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy on social competence and emotional regulation in abused children.
This study designed as a Semi experimental study with pretest-posttest and a control group. A total of 26 abused children were selected by accessible sampling among Welfare Organization centers in Ahwaz and randomly assigned to two experimental (13) and control groups (13). Social Competence Inventory devised by Parandin (2008), and Garonvski’s Emotional Regulation Inventory (2007) were conducted before and after training. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA.
Social competence variable in experimental group was significantly increased (p= 0/001). Also emotion regulation in experimental group in compare with control group was significantly increased (p= 0/001).
Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy improves social competence and emotional regulation in children abused

Nearest Neighbor (NN) searching is a challenging problem in data management and has been widely studied in data mining, pattern recognition and computational geometry. The goal of NN searching is efficiently reporting the nearest data to a given object as a query. In most of the studies both the data and query are assumed to be precise, however, due to the real applications of NN searching, such as tracking and locating services, GIS and data mining, it is possible both of them are imprecise. So, in this situation, a natural way to handle the issue is to report the data have a nonzero probability —called nonzero nearest neighbor— to be the nearest neighbor of a given query. Formally, let P be a set of n uncertain points modeled by some regions. We first consider the following variation of NN searching problem under uncertainty. If both the query and the data are uncertain points modeled by distinct unit segments parallel to the x-axis, we propose an efficient algorithm that reports nonzero nearest neighbors under Manhattan metric in O(n^2 α(n^2 )) preprocessing and O(log⁡n) query time, where α(.) is the extremely slowly growing functional inverse of Ackermann’s function. Finally, for the arbitrarily length segments parallel to the x-axis, we propose an approximation algorithm that reports nonzero nearest neighbor with maximum error L in O(n^2 α(n^2 )) preprocessing and O(log⁡n) query time, where L is the length of the query.

Esthetic attention of teeth is increasing, nowadays. After aging, restorative composite materials lead to discoloration and bleaching is one of the effective ways to eliminate of restorative composite discolorations. The aim of this study was to investigate discoloration after office bleaching with Hydrogen peroxide 40%.
in this experimental in vitro study, From each composite (Z100, Z250, Z350, P90) A total of 24 composite discs were prepared with dimensions of 3 * 8. Aging and staining process is done for samples in 4 weeks, then spent the 5000 cycle in Thermocycling devices. The samples are numbered and base line color of each composite is record. Samples were divided into two subgroups with 12 member, and each subgroup exposed to different treatment: 1- untreated control group 2- hydrogen peroxide 40% (Office B.). After 14 days of treatment Composite recorded secondary colors and color changes were calculated. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey and a significance level of 0.05 was determined.
Discoloration after bleaching in composite Z100, Z250, Z350 and P90 were (16.04±2.68), (21.13±3.43), (16.61±2.26) and (7.53±2.36), respectively which had significant difference with control group. (p office bleaching causes significant color change in the all types of stained composites and The greatest effect was on the Z250.

In this study, the concentration of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites including, o,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDT were determined in liver, kidney, muscle, fat and hair tissues in 21 golden jackal (Canis aureus) from Mazandaran province. Analyses were carried out by Gas Chromatography - Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). The metabolite o, p'-DDE showed the highest concentration (83%) in all tissues. DDE/DDT ratios showed that DDTs have not recently been used in the area. Generally lower concentration of DDTs is not enough to cause harmful effects in animals. This investigation may be a basis for future studies on other mammals in Iran.

Ahvaz has become one of the most polluted cities in the world. Only on 11 November 2013, over one thousand residents in Khuzestan Province attended the nearest health center with severe symptoms, particularly shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, and high blood pressure. During a week, more than 7 thousand patients were registered with this syndrome. This study was conducted to investigate the evidence for the confirmation of an epidemic in acute respiratory syndrome among the residents of Ahwaz in November 2013.
In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the data of the use of drugs related to acute respiratory attacks from November 2008 to 2013 in Ahvaz. Then, we conducted a descriptive study on the general population. The sample size was 120 and the study participants included different segments of the general population. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the data were analyzed using SPSS.18.
The use of the respiratory drugs increased from 2008 to 2013. The drug consumption was markedly higher in November 2013. In the study of the general population, 93% of the participants declared that they had never seen a similar event, and 92.5% mentioned that they had never heard of a similar occurrence.
Due to the significant increase in respiratory medicine in November 2013 and the unexpected nature of the event, an epidemic seems to be obvious.

The purpose of this study was to define the curriculum principles of Teaching Experience based on the lived experiences of the successful teachers. In this study, a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was used. The participants were 9 teachers and professors who were selected purposefully. Data were collected by using in-depth interview and analyzed by thematic coding. Among the findings, 358 conceptual codes were extracted. They were classified as eight main categories including: caring and sympathy, dynamism, tact of teaching, introspection, mutual interaction, creating reflective situations, cultural-artistic understanding, practical insight and 35 subcomponents. Findings indicated that following these principles results in the improvement of moral behavior and behavior stability in learners and can guarantee the influence of the learning-teaching process.

Unified Power quality conditioner (UPQC) consists of back to back voltage source inverters. In UPQC combination of parallel and series active power filters are used to compensate for the nonlinear load current harmonics and voltage distortions, simultaneously. For appropriate performance of both converters and bidirectional power flow, the DC link voltage should be at least 1.41 times larger than the line to line voltage in the high voltage part of the system; i.e. the parallel active filter. One of the determining factors for the cost of semiconductors is the maximum tolerable voltage stress. The voltage stress of the series converter increases when the DC link voltage is high. In order to overcome this deficiency, a Z-source network is added to the common structure of back to back invertors in the UPQC. It will reduce the applied DC voltage to the series active power filters significantly and decrease the cost of manufacturing. In this structure, an impedance source network is used in an AC/DC inverter to produce a buck-boost effect. Additionally, dead time has been eliminated through the use of a Z source network in the parallel active filter and thus its performance and reliability has increased impressively. In this paper, a comparison study has been conducted through necessary simulations for the performance evaluation of the common and proposed structures. The total switching device power has been used as a criteria to confirm the manufacturing cost reduction in the proposed structure.

Infraorbital ethmoid air cells are such anatomical variations may result sinusitis. CT scan is commonly used for imaging infraorbital ethmoid cells but panoramic radiographs often show infraorbital ethmoid cells. This study aim to determaine the prevalence of infraorbital ethmoid cells on panoramic radiographs in cases older than 4 years referred to Dental School of Islamic Azad University Khorasgan Branch.
In this descriptive and analytical study, 416 panoramic radiographs (235 wemen and 181 men) were examinded for infraobital ethmoid cells and were recorded hallers cell and characteristics of cell in questionnaire form. Data analysis were done by Chi-square test.
Prevalence of infraorbital ethmoid (hallers) cells on panoramic radiographs in the patients older than 4 years referred to Dental School of Islamic Azad University Khorasgan was 17.8% (14.4% for men and 20.4% for wemen). There was satisically significant differences between men and wemen. The most frequency related to the patients who were between 20-29 years old (28.3%) and the least frequent age was between 40-49 years old (13.5%), but there was no satistically significant differences in several ages. There was no relationship between taller’s cells and cell shape. 11 patients (14.9%) with hallers cell had history or symptoms of sinusitis and 4 patients (5.4%) with hallers cell had sinus disorder (retention cyst) in panoramic radiographs.
In this study, the prevalence of infraorbite ethmoid cells on panoramic radiographs was efficient for first diagnosis. Identification of hallers cells on panoramic radiographs can help dental professional to make differential diagnosis of orofcial pain of sinus origin.

The distinctive characteristics of near-field earthquake records can lead to different structural responses from those experienced in far-field ones. Furthermore, soil-structure interaction (SSI) can have a crucial influence on the seismic response of structures founded on soft soils however, in most of the time has been neglected nonchalantly. This paper addresses the effects of near-field versus far-field earthquakes on the seismic response of single degree of freedom (SDOF) system with considering SSI. A total 71 records were selected in which near-field ground motions have been classified into two categories: first, records with a strong velocity pulse, (i.e. forward-directivity) second, records with a residual ground displacement (i.e. fling-step). Findings from the study reveal that pulse-type near-field records generally produce greater seismic responses than far-field motions especially at high structure-to-soil stiffness ratios. Moreover, the importance of considering SSI effects in design of structures is investigated through an example. Finally, parametric study between Peak Ground Velocity to Peak Ground Acceleration ratio (PGV/PGA) of pulse-like ground motions and maximum relative displacement indicate that with increase in structure-to-soil stiffness ratios, earthquakes with higher PGV/PGA ratio produce greater responses.

Iron-overload is considered as a risk factor for cancer. This carcinogenic effect of iron-overload can be explained by increase in the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Today, besides the treatment of iron deficiency which is highly prevalent among children and women of childbearing age, preventing excessive accumulation and storage of iron in the body which may be caused by some genetic disorders or inappropriate use of iron supplements, is of particular importance. Moreover, the source of iron intake should be considered while talking about carcinogenic effects of iron, because during meat processing heme molecule undergoes some alterations which may explain the difference in carcinogenicity of cured meat in comparison with fresh meat. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that excessive iron intake may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal, liver, breast and lung cancer. However, results of the studies investigating the relation between prostate cancer and iron are inconsistent. In conclusion, in order to prevent adverse consequences of iron-overload, meeting body’s iron needs by consuming plant-based sources and white meats, and avoiding processed meats seem to be logical.