delshad a

Patients with stroke are at risk for pressure ulcers. Continuous presence and direct care of the nurse in preventing this complication is not possible in all cases. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of pressure ulcer prevention care training by tele-nursing on the amount and severity of pressure ulcers in patients with stroke. 

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 caregivers of patients with stroke and under home care in Torbat-e Heydarieh, Razavi Khorasan province in 2020. Sampling was done in an accessible manner and the samples were randomly assigned to two groups of routine training and telehoning. The tele-nursing group received a 15-minute telephone training program two days a week for one month. Data were collected using a patient and caregiver (caregivers) profile, a pressure ulcer risk assessment form, and a pressure ulcer monitoring checklist. Then, in SPSS20 software, using Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney and independent T-tests were analyzed at the significance level of p <0.05.

Prior to the training, the two groups of routine training and tele-nursing did not suffer from pressure ulcers. But after training, the frequency and degree of pressure ulcers in the tele-nursing group were significantly lower than the routine training group (p <0.001). 

Based on the results obtained in this study, the rate of pressure ulcer in the telemedicine group was significantly lower than the group receiving routine training. Therefore, it is recommended to use tele-nursing to control pressure ulcers.

Preventive and control policies of major beta-thalassemia focus on couples with minor thalassemia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the life satisfaction in couples with minor thalassemia to examine the preventive and control policies of major beta-thalassemia.
Material & This is a descriptive research. The research population consists of all couples who were informed about their status before engagement and have married in Bojnourd since 2001 (62 samples by census method). The survey tools were short life satisfaction form and SWLS questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using frequency test and linear correlation.
The results showed that 67.7% of couples with minor thalassemia participated in this study have reported low levels of life satisfaction (dissatisfied and slightly dissatisfied). Also, there was a significant statistical relationship between life satisfaction and parameters like the number of children and marriage date of couples (P value=0.00); but there was no relationship between life satisfaction and age (P value= 0.547) and sex (P value= 0.947).
The results of this study confirm the psychological problems despite the increase and development of services throughout the country. Since the country's program for preventing major beta-Thalassemia is related to marriage, fertility and the management of them, consultation will play a certain role in advancing the objectives of the program's goal.

This study aimed to determine of the seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis to design a prevention and control program in Bojnoord district. This was a descriptive and cross sectional study with multistage random sampling method. The study was carried out on children up to 12 years old and 10% of adult’s population in 8 rural areas of Bojnoord district in 2007. In total, 1608 blood samples were collected to detect anti-Leishmania antibodies. All the samples were tested by direct agglutination test (DAT). In order to determine Leishmania species, necropsy was performed on four suspected dogs in the studied areas. The species of Leishmania was determined by RAPD-PCR and PCR-RFLP methods using to amplify the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). Thirty and eight (2.36%) out of 1608 collected blood samples had anti-Leishmania antibodies at titer 1:800 and nine (0.56%) were just positive at 1:3200 by DAT. There was no statistically significant difference between female and male seroprevalence (p<0/05). The seoprevalence in children <=12 years old compared to individuals greater than 12 years old did not show any statistically significant (p<0/05). Amastigotes were observed in all 4 necropsied dogs. The species of Leishmania isolated from 2 dogs, was determined as L.Infantum. Their ITS1 sequences were registered with Accession numbers EU810776 and EU810777 in NCBI. These findings showed that visceral leishmaniasis has been circulated with low endemicity in Bojnoord district. Therefore an appropriate monitoring system is needed for health services in this area.