فهرست مطالب dr. m. iravani

Venous thromboembolism is one of the leading causes of death in patients during pregnancy and postpartum. Clinical audit is one of several programs to improve the quality of health services. This study aims to determine the effect of the clinical audit process on the implementation of postpartum venous thromboembolism prevention guidelines.

The present work was a quasi-experimental study before and after using the clinical audit method. A total of second- and third-year obstetrics and gynecology residents in hospitals affiliated with Jundishapur Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2020 were enrolled in the study by the counting method. The intervention was performed in the form of five stages of clinical audit. The ways to complete and implement intravenous thromboembolism prevention guidelines by residents were evaluated using a researcher-made checklist by reviewing the records of 148 patients admitted to the postpartum ward. The collected data were analyzed using the McNemar test and paired t-test.

The mean total score of residents' performance in completing the form and implementing the guidelines before the intervention was 2.67±1.4, while after the intervention was 6.11± 1.36, showing a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Therefore, a statistically significant difference was observed between the scores before and after the intervention in how to complete the form and implement the guidelines.

The results of this study indicated the positive effect of the clinical audit process on the performance of residents in completing the form and implementing the guidelines for the prevention of venous thromboembolism; thus, it seems that the implementation of this process can help improve the level of service to residents and nurses.

Different species of Salvia genus are used in folk medicine for the prevention and treatment of many diseases due to their active and effective compounds. In this research, the chemical composition of aerial parts essential oil (EO) was studied in four Salvia spp. including S. limbata C. A. Mey. (two populations), S. reuterana Boiss. (two populations), S. syriaca L. (one population) and S. ceratophylla L. (one population) collected from different areas of Kashan in Isfahan province at the flowering stage. Extraction and qualitative analysis of EO were performed using the Clevenger apparatus and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. In this study, the EO yield ranged from 0.15 to 0.32 % (w/w). Spathulenol was the major constituent of EO in S. syriaca (16.8%) and S. ceratophylla (27.2%) species. The major compounds of the other two species EO were sclareol in S. reuterana (Maragh (21.2%) and Darreh (11.5%) populations) and β-pinene in S. limbata (Qaza-An (20.4%) and Darreh (13.8%) populations). The quantitative and qualitative EO diversity observed in the studied species and populations can be attributed to different ecological, genetic, geographical, and nutritional factors of their origin. Therefore, for the optimal use of the active constituents of this medicinal plant in pharmaceutical industries, more studies are needed on the different species of this genus in different regions.

In the present research, composite adsorbents consisting of nano clinoptilolite and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were prepared. The synthesized composites were characterized by XRD, XRF, FT-IR, DTG and SEM analysis techniques, and finally the adsorption behavior of the composites toward zirconium was investigated. In this nano adsorbent, nano-zeolite clinoptilolite acts as an active component for the absorption of zirconium ions, and polyacrylonitrile plays a bining role. In addition, by changing the size of zeolite particles from micrometer to nanoscale, the adsorption capacity and the kinetic of the adsorption process was increased significantly. The absorption rate by nanocomposites was very rapid and more than 75% of the maximum absorption capacity for zirconium was obtained in the first 5 hours. The SEM image showed that zeolite particles are bonded to each other by a PAN polymer. The porous structure of the nanocomposite allowed permeation of the ions from solution into nanocomposite beads and reaching the ion exchange sites. The effect of pH, initial ion concentration, contact time, and temperature were examined. The optimum contact time and pH were 24 h and 2, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the composite was 18.65 mg.g-1 and the composite was able to remove 80% of Zr+4 from 0.01 meq.mL-1 aqueous solutions. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were extracted. The experimental data were well fitted with a pseud-second order kinetic model with good correlation coefficients. In addition, the theoretical values obtained from the equation showed a good agreement with experimental values. Therefore, the pseudo-second order kinetic equation can be considered as a suitable model for interpreting experimental data. The agreement of the experimental data with the Pseudo-second order kinetic model showed that overall rate constant controlled by chemical sorption. In addition, the constant rate of absorption by nanocomposites was higher than that of a clinoptilolite-polyacrylonitrile-macrometric composite. In other words, the absorption of zirconium ion on nanocomposite was significantly higher than that of a zeolite composite with macro dimensions. Positive ΔH° and negative ΔG° were indicative of the endothermic and spontaneous nature of process. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkviech isotherm models. D-R isotherm model indicated that ions were uptake through an ion exchange process. The obtained RL values range between 0 to 1, indicating Zr adsorption was favorable. Comparison of Q0 values for adsorbents showed that the nanocomposite has the highest absorption capacity for zirconium ion. This high Q0 value can be explained by the nanoscale size of the composite.

Nuclear fission of uranium atoms starts when a nuclear pellet is placed into the rod and then inside the nuclear reactor. Thus, the number of the produced atoms would be more than those of fission uranium atoms. No problem exists with solid products, but the gas products following the swelling of the pellets enter the gap between the pellet and rod. This causes destruction of the rod and the reactor safety reduction. It is better to exit the rod from the reactor before the event. Attempts are made to increase the life time and the generated energy with nuclear pellets to achieve higher efficiency. For this purpose, after the identification of the obstacles, the efficiency of the nuclear fuel pellets is increased by some modifications. This work is a review of the world activities to identify the obstacles and solutions provided for modifying the nuclear fuel pellets. The results demonstrate that the most important features of a nuclear fuel influence on the life time and efficiency of UO2 feul pellets are the largeness of grains along with intergranular porosities with controlled size, good creep and thermal conductivity properties.

In order to investigate the diversity and relationship between agronomical traits with seed yield components in barley, twenty advanced barley lines were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at Research Center of Agriculture in Sistan in 2006. Each plot consisted of six rows spaced 20 cm apart and 5 meters long. In this research, 24 Agronomic traits were measured on five randomly selected plants in the central rows of each plot. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among the lines for most of the traits. Line No.7 had the highest (406 grs/m2) and line No.5 had the lowest (309 grs/m2) seed yield. There were high correlation between seed yield and number of panicle/m2. Factor analysis results indicated that 7 independent factors explained 82 percent of the total variation. The first two factors, namely yield components and tillering capacity, explained 41 percent of the total variation. Therefore, it can be concluded that the traits are related to seed yield and tillering capacity, i.e., number of seed per main panicle. 1000 seed weight, number of seed per plant, number of days to physiological maturity and days to heading are the most important characteristics in selecting lines with high seed yield. Number of fertile tiller, total number of tillers and peduncle length were also next set of important traits. Number of days to emergence, nodule number and number of panicle per m2 were also important as selection criteria. Seed weight per plant, biological yield, awn length and the traits that were related to flag leaf had lower importance for selection of lines with high seed yield.

Despite wide use of hyoscine by midwives and doctors as an adjunct to labor, the obstetrics literature contains few references to the effect of this drug. This study was a double blinded, randomized controlled trial of primigravidas in Iran to determine the effects of hyoscine intravenous injection on parturition (labor).

One hundred primigravidas in uncomplicated spontaneous labor with cervical dilation less than 4 cm and cervical effacement < 50% were randomly assigned into two groups the experimental group ( N = 50 ) receiving 20 mg hyoscine and the control group ( N = 50 ) receiving placebo, with predetermined codes injected at the beginning of the active phase of labor. The groups were compared for labor progress, fetal tachycardia and bradycardia after 0.5 and 1h of injection, Apgar score and birth weight. Statistical methods for normally distributed variables included 2- tailed student T test and chi- square analysis. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05.

The two groups were similar in respect to maternal age, gestational age , initial cervical effacement & dilation and mean birth weight. The mean change in the cervical effacement and dilation after 1 & 2 h of injection was significantly higher in those receiving hyoscine (p< 0.0001). There was a significant difference in the duration of active phase and second stage of labor in the two groups ( p < 0.0001 ). Fetal tachycardia and bradycardia occurred more frequently in patients in the hyoscine group as compared to the control group but the difference was not significant. The difference between the mean first and fifth- minute Apgar score was not significant, too.

This small study suggests the benefits of a single dose of hyoscine for labor progress and represents the first attempt to evaluate this medication. However, larger randomized studies are needed to establish the efficacy, safety, and optimal dose of hyoscine .

The vast and diverse rangelands of Iran require the selection of appropriate methods for grazing intensity measurement in the different vegetation types. Methods can be compared on the bases of time and budget as well as their accuracy. In this study nine methods of the utilization measurement were conducted on the E. ceratoides stands of Hanna exclosure Semirom, Isfahan province. The duncan multiple range test was used to compare mean utilization percentages obtained from the different methods, with paired cage method data was used as control group. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was also used to compare methods for accuracy, time and budget. The means from reference unite, twig length, production index, plant count and stem count methods had significant (p<0.05) differences compared with control group but were comparatively time consuming and more expensive than other methods. The height-weight method resulted in an estimate with no significant difference with the control group. This method was also fastest and least expensive among methods with the accurate results (p<0.05).