فهرست مطالب ebrahim sami

In the present study, the seismic vulnerability of the northern Tabriz (regions 1, 5, and 10) has been assessed spatially. The evaluation process goes through five distinct phases: spatial evaluation of criteria affecting seismic vulnerability, fuzzification, determination of criteria weight using AHP, integration of all maps for evaluation criteria, and finally, damage coefficient calculation. The results of the AHP model indicate that distance to the fault residential density (with a weight of 0.229) and population density (with a weight of 0.162) are the most important criteria affecting the seismic vulnerability of the northern regions of Tabriz. Seismic vulnerability zoning shows that almost all the northern regions of the city have high to very high vulnerability to earthquake hazards. More than 16.6% and 5.6% of the study regions are located in the high and very high seismic vulnerability class, respectively. These spaces mainly include residential land uses in the western neighborhoods of Region 1 and the central neighborhoods of Region 10. Based on the seismic vulnerability coefficient for an earthquake with a magnitude of 10, the amount of destruction in these regions will be between 65 and 100 percent. Proximity to the great fault of Tabriz, high population and residential density, lack of urban open spaces, a significant part of fine-grained buildings, worn-out urban texture, and marginalization are among the reasons for the high seismic vulnerability of the western parts of Region 1 and the central parts of region 10.

The growing population and development of cities along rivers in the area of canals and their blockage have created flood-prone areas and increased the damage caused by it. The purpose of this study is to zoning flood risk in the city of Maragheh . have been used criteria, the distance from the river, distance from drainage lines, population density, residential density, slope, dem, aspect, land use. the layers were weighted by network analysis Process (ANP) method using Super Decisions software. According to the coefficients obtained in the ANP model, the waterway factor with a coefficient of 0/7500 had the highest value and the land use factor with a coefficient of 0/0895 had the lowest value for creating floods, and then all layers were fuzzy in GIS environment and with weight Hanging the layers and combining them by gamma method, the final flood zoning plan was prepared. Based on the results, areas with very high flood risk in the city center along the Sufi Chai River with an area of 3/126 hectares. They are located in areas 1, 2 and 3 and areas with low flood risk in the outskirts of the city with an area of 13/595 hectares in areas 5 and 7, respectively. The results from integration of ANP and Fuzzy models, as approved in previuos studies, indicate their high efficiency in identifying the areas with high flood risk. Therefore, it is essential to consider the zoning layers in planinig proceses, particularly rsik assessment

This research aims to analyze the spatial distribution of urban public services in the metropolitan districts of Tabriz. This study is an applied research type and its method is descriptive-analytical. To analyze the data, the TOPSIS model as well as cluster analysis and SPSS and GIS software were used. The research results showed that there was no favorable spatial justice between the districts of Tabriz city in privileging public urban services. In other words, districts 2, 3, and 5 were on one level (first level), districts 6, 7, and 4 were on one level (second level) and districts 9, 8, 1, and 10 were on one level (third level). In deprived districts, nonconforming population growth with service needs, lack of green and recreational spaces, lack of suitable health-medical, commercial, and sports services, increase in population growth rate, lack of educational and cultural facilities, low employment, low-income strata and immigrants` residence, construction of unlicensed buildings and indiscriminate expansion in these districts have intensified the level of instability. Therefore, for the optimal distribution of public services between districts of Tabriz city, first of all, the approach of social justice should be placed on the agenda of the managers and decision-makers of Tabriz city so that the distribution of services and facilities between the districts of Tabriz city is balanced according to population needs.

The heat island is considered an important variable in climate and environmental studies. Today, population growth and urbanization are one of the factors that increase the air temperature in urban areas, which causes the creation of a heat island in these areas compared to the surrounding environment, whose effects can play a fundamental role in air quality and consequently public health. Therefore, in this research, the spatial and temporal changes of the thermal islands of Maragheh City during the periods of 1984, 1994, and 2020 have been investigated using Landsat satellite data. The results of the relationship between temperature and vegetation show that in 1986, the highest average temperature in the area without vegetation was 34.74 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature in the dense vegetation area was 25.11 degrees Celsius. In 2020, the highest average temperature for the area without vegetation was 35.15 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature for the dense vegetation area was 28.70 degrees Celsius. Also, the spatial autocorrelation index shows that the heat islands of the city had a cluster pattern at the 99% confidence level in all periods. Moreover, the results obtained from hotspots reveal that hot spots were located in the center, southeast, and northwest of the city, and cold spots were located in the south and north of the city at a confidence level of 99%.

Nowadays, a tourism approach to implement the knowledge-based cities model can play a key role in contributing to the socio-economic growth. Therefore, the current study attempts to evaluate the capabilities and functions of Maragheh’s tourism and develop these functions by linking the idea of knowledge-based city with the tourism approach to the city. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect information. the indicators that were evaluated were as follows: Information technology networks, Knowledge sharing culture, urban infrastructure. The statistical population of this research consisted of 30 experts in the related field. One-sample T-test, Kolmogrov-smirnov and regression fits were used for data analysis. Maragheh is not in a good position in terms of information technology networks, information sharing culture, urban knowledge infrastructure. Also, according to the results of the regression fitting model among the research components and with respect to the obtained significance, all the components have a direct relationship with knowledge-based tourism. Components of information technology networks with beta coefficient of 0.783, urban infrastructure with beta coefficient of 0.90, information sharing culture with beta coefficient of 0.207 have the most impact on you promoting urban development of knowledge-based tourism in Maragheh; hence, the development of the knowledge-based tourism requires understanding the necessity of public will and authority of officials and citizens, infrastructural requirements especially in the field of transport and communications, to maintain community-wide trust and the knowledge mobility among the community.Keywords: Urban development, knowledge-based city, tourism, Maragheh.

Today Over the past few decades, the growth of urban societies and population growth have led to the spread of distorted cities into separate regions with its original texture and its development towards agricultural land and its surroundings. This unplanned development leads to land use changes in the periphery of the city. In the past few decades, the city of Qorveh has encountered with the development of urban and peri-urban settlements, which caused changes in the land use of the city of Qorveh and its surrounding areas. Analysis of land use change in Qorveh city can be effective in planning for future development of the city. Therefore, to attempted to estimate and determine land use change trends, Landsat satellite images with TM, ETM and OLI sensors were used for the three time periods of 1986, 2000 and 2018. These images were categorized, validated and detected by the Neural Network method to five floors; urban lands, arable lands, dry lands, water zones and Bayer lands. Finally, Markov Autoclave was used to calculate land use changes in Qorveh city for 2031. The results indicate that, continued land use change would result in the degradation of agricultural land use.

Considering to housing and its planning along with durable development and in the frame of national and region plan is necessary, because surveying the appropriate condition of housing in urban areas is considered as one of the social economic development indicators in the countries of the world. Issues quantitative housing that some countries, due to population growth, migration and economic problems. In contrast, Issues qualitative housing mainly changes in demographics and social structures. In this order, the main aim of this research is to survey and analyze quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing and its effective components in housing planning and ranking of Maragheh neighborhoods. In terms of purpose, this research is the kind of practical developmental and in terms of research method it is descriptive analytical. In this research number of 24 quantitative and qualitative index of housing were extracted in 26 districts of Maragheh city by using the existing data and information from the census and data of statistics center in the year 2011. Then, in the analysis of data, first every indicators weight was estimated using Shannon entropy coefficient and finally getting used of COPRAS model, it was calculated and classified. At last, based on achieved result from space zoning of Maragheh districts in terms of qualitative

today, one of the most important and complex issues for urban programmers and decision making is locating suitable places for future development of cities and determining suitable lands, which this objective will obtain with a comprehensive view on all the effective factors on the physical urban development. To do this, the present research which is a developmental-applicable type, with the purpose of determining suitable locations for future development of Bonab city, has studied this issue by descriptive- analytical method. About eight factors were identified in order to study and evaluate land suitability for urban development. To determine the importance of target indicators to assess land suitability, first the relative importance of each criterion was determined through analytical hierarchy model using Expert Choice software. Then, each of them was fuzzy using GIS and IDRIS software and was placed in the numerical range of zero to one. In the next step, all fuzzed layers were multiplied in each weights resulted from analytical hierarchy model with integrating AHP model and Fuzzy model and thereby the weighted fuzzy layer was prepared. Then operators of multiplying, adding and fuzzy gamma of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 were carried out and layer overlapping is done. The results indicate that the fuzzy gamma of 0.9 has the best overlapping. Determined by divided Gamma 9/0, that 66.24% of study region (511.412 km2) is located in the class of totally inappropriate and 9.56% of that (73.8124 km2) is located in the class of totally appropriate

At the beginning of the third millennium, the long-standing problem of housing is still one of the most important problems of human societies and, unfortunately, its dimensions have also become more widespread. Lack of adequate resources, weakness of economic management, lack of comprehensive housing program and other inadequacies of ­infrastructure­ on the one hand, and the increasing urban population, on the other hand, has made the supplying shelter sophisticated and multidimensional in developing countries. Studying the favorable situation of housing in urban areas is one of the economic - social indicators of development in the countries of the world. One way ­of informing the housing situation in the programming process using housing indicators. This is an applied-developmental project and in terms of the method of doing research, it is descriptive-analytic. In this research, 24 quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in 26 neighborhoods of Maragheh city extracted using data and available information of the existing censuses and data statistics center in the year 1390; then in analyzing data, first, using the Shannon Entropy coefficient, weight of each indicator ­estimated and then calculated and ranked utilizing models of MOORA, COPRAS, and SAW and combined method. Finally, based on the results of spatial widening of Maragheh neighborhoods in terms of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing using ­the arc GIS software shows ­7.7 percent of the neighborhoods are balanced, 54/11 percent of the neighborhoods are relatively balanced, 62/34 percent of the neighborhoods are relatively unstable and 2/46 percent of the neighborhoods are unbalanced­.