فهرست مطالب effat mazaheri

Women with breast cancer often experience alterations in their mothering roles both because of the disease and the reduced ability for child care. However, many women with breast cancer try to play their mothering roles as they did before the disease. This study aimed to discover the strategies used by Iranian women with breast cancer to manage their mothering roles in the process of the disease and survival.

 A qualitative content analysis study was conducted on 23 mothers with breast cancer. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and a conventional content analysis method was used to analyze the data simultaneously with data collection.

 Totally 1200 non-duplicate codes were extracted from the data and were categorized into four categories. Self-preparation was the first category and included three subcategories, namely, self-awareness for regaining the role, psychological mobilization to continue the role, and seeking informational support. Role reorganizing was the second category and had two subcategories, namely assigning to alternate people, and modifications of maternal duties. Self- and family-reconstruction was the third category and included three subcategories of energy conservation, communication development, and child protection. Playing a participatory-supervisory role was the fourth category and had two subcategories of participation and supervision.

Identifying the strategies used to play the mothering role can help health care professionals to support, provide advice, and train the mothers with breast cancer and their families. It also helps mothers to play their mothering role during the disease.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the 5th leading cause of death in Iranian women. Many of these women are at the age of fertility and have dependent children.

This study aimed to explore the experiences of mothers with breast cancer of the support they receive for playing and rebalancing their mothering role.

This qualitative content analysis study was conducted from 2018 to 2019. Participants were 22 mothers with breast cancer purposively recruited from Shahid Ghazi Tabatabaee Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. Data were collected through semi‑structured interviews and analyzed through a conventional content analysis method.

Participants’ experiences were categorized into three main categories, namely, perceived difficulties, being with and for mother, and rebalancing family functions. The four subcategories of the first category were the physical limitations in performing the mothering role, the psychological burden of the disease, role strain in playing the mothering role, and children’s social difficulties. The second category included five subcategories, namely, assistance with the mothering role, emotional attachment to the mother, provision of family expenses and medical costs, normalization of appearance following cancer‑induced changes, and social support resources. Finally, the third category included two subcategories, namely, the stability of the mother’s roles and promoting a health‑oriented perspective in the family.

Mothers with breast cancer face difficulties in performing their role as mothers. Identifying and providing supportive interventions for them by the health‑care providers not only can be effective in achieving role stability for the mother but also in rebalancing family functions.

The traditional view that neonates are not capable of perceiving pain has been refuted and there is now no doubt those neonates feel pain. Although babies cannot express their pain as older children, but capable to show in response the pain a set of measures as observable behavioral responses. The aim of this study was to determine Effect of foot reflexology on physiologic index of neonates. This investigation was a quasi-experimental study on 30 neonates admitted to NICU. The questionnaires were composed of socio-demographic status and NIPS scale test. Measurements of HR and SaO2 were taken twice, before and then again after completion of the intervention, and foot reflexology was codified to measure and evaluate them. P The study showed that there was significant difference between before and after the intervention on physiologic index(O2 saturation, heart rate) in neonates (P=0.003). Nonetheless, we suggest doing more studies in related subjects. Our investigation shows that foot reflexology can improve the physiologic index and decrease O2 saturation, heart rate (toward normal range), and can inspirited relaxation in neonates. Nonetheless, we suggest to doing more studies to this subjects.

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease and is accompanied by personal, family, financial and psychological problems. Also self-concept is based on all shown individual's behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the level of self-concept in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This was a cross sectional -descriptive study carried on 280 patients with diabetes type 2 referred to diabetic center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil. The tool of data gathering was composed of socio-demographic status questionnaire and Beck’s self concept test. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were used.

This study showed that most of patients with type 2 diabetes had low Level of self-concept (%34.5) that 98 patient and (%33/9) that 96 patient had Modrate Level of self Concept alone (%30/6) that 86 patient had high Level of self Concept.

According to the results of present study, and the fact that type 2 diabetes is a disease that demand the continuing care and special education, psychologists, nurses and healthcare providers should train patients to promote their self-concept which in turn will result in decreasing of psychological and physical effects of illness and rising their self-concept.

Studies Show that invasive interventions are one of effective factors in nosocomial infection prevalence. Meanwhile, respiratory infection is a serious hospital acquired infection with reported incidence of 31.1 and 32.6. Due to the fact that nurses are in direct contact with patients and these interventions have been applied in functional areas, they have an important role in developing these infections. The aim of this investigation is to study the quality of care taken from artificial air ways in patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU health care centers in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. This cross – sectional study was conducted using a checklist for assessing personnel performance during the care for artificial air ways.The research instrument was a questionnaire with a checklistincluding seven demographic questions and19 cases to assess the implication in relation tocare of the endotracheal tube. The response was measured by Likert Scale. Sample was chosen by random sampling and all of the 54 ICU nurses were the subjects. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics through spss soft ware The findings indicate that 87% of personnel were female and 13% were male and were between 26-30 years of age. 51.9% had the experience of working in ICU and 53.7 % was either working in ICU or had the working experience of 5 years and less in ICU. 88.9% of personnel had a good performance and 11.1% had an average performance (men 89/2 SD = 0/317). Based on the findingsnurses’ performance in the care of the endotracheal tube and correct suction in the intensive care unitwas sufficient. However, due to lack of some nursing care, the need for more monitoring in nurses’ performance seems necessary.

Beta thalassemia major is one of those diseases in which the natural growth of individuals can be disrupted due to complications of the disease. Despite the recent advances in treating these patients, growth retardation in a significant percentage of them is observed. This study was conducted to determine the growth criteria in thalassemia major patients and compare them with NCHS standards.This study is a Cross-sectional study. The study population included all patients with thalassemia major (n=37) is in the city of Ardabil. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, a meter and a scale. Data from questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software. Of the 37 patients studied, 19 were male and 18 female. Average age of subjects was 15. 43 ± 5.97 years and 54.05 %. 15 people were under 15 years of age. Average height of patients was 142.43 ± 18.03 centimeter and their mean weight was 38.41 ± 12.32 kg. 64/9 %. 24 people of the patients’ height were below 5% percentile and 54 % (20 people) had weight below 5 % percentile. In total, Weight and height of patients were below NCHS, and with age, this difference was greater.growth retardation of patients with thalassemia major starts from the first decade of their life and it worsens by age. To prevent growth failure, it is necessary to regularly check the growth rate of the patients, identify the factors involved in growth disorders and take appropriate preventive measures.

Myocardial infarction is a comman cause in hospitalized patients with mortality rate of about 30%. Ontime diagnosis, earlier management and simply (time) factor have very important role in effective treatment, prevention of progression of injury and improvement of prognosis in the patients. Nearly 60% of mortality in this disease is in the first hour after onset of symptoms. Therefore this study was done to evaluate the refferal process, admission and hospitalization in patients with myocardial in farction at Buali hospital Ardabil. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was done on 77 patients with primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction based on clinical findings and ECG changes in the form of 1mm ST segment elevation in two adjacent leads or new LBBB or LBBB with unknown onest. Fourteen subjects were excluded from the study based on subsequent examination of continuous ECG and enzymatic evidence rulling out the presence of MI. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Referral time of patients after onset of symptom was 6.72 ± 5.53 hours. 73.02% of the patients referred with delay (90 minutes after onset of symptom). Mean referral time after onset of symptoms was 7.15±7.07 hours, 60.32% of the patients were outpatients, 34.92% were samples referred by other medical centers and 4.76% by emergency service in the latter group there was no delay in referring time. Mean admission time from emergency room to CCU was 1.04±0.94 hours. 47.62% of the patients underwent thrombolytic therapy with stereptokinase. In this group mean time from entrance to emergency until beginning thrombolytic therapy (Door to Needle time) was 1.22±0.34 houre. Because earlier beginning of thromolytic therapy had important role in decreasing mortality and morbidity in patients with myocardial infarction, we can increase survival rate in these patients by recognizing factors delaying, admission and earlier initiation of treatment.

Today, with changes in health care systems, most of the patients, receive occupational and special cares at home after being discharged from hospital. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of follow up on physical and emotional status of the patients with recent myocardial Infarction. This experimental study was done on 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction, who referred to Boali Hospital during 2000-2001.The patients were chosen randomly and were set in two different groups with 30 subjects in each group. Then, a home care program was designed for case group. but there was no intervention for control group. This home care program was completed and one week later the physical and emotional status of the patients in two groups were analyzed by Spilbergar and Beck tests and finally the results were compared in two groups using X2 test. The X2 test showed that there is a significant difference between resting heart rate of two groups with P<0.05 but the difference among systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body weight, anxiety and depression was not statistically significant in two groups. Regarding the effects of follow-up on the physical and emotional status of the patients, nurses can improve the quality of the patienys life through active home - care and rehabilitation programs along with social supports.