فهرست مطالب ehsan razani

Ukraine is Russia's strategic depth in Eastern Europe. The Ukraine crisis is the result of Russia's attitude towards Ukraine. The war between Russia and Ukraine is a war between powerful members of the international system and a power conflict between Russia, the United States, the European Union, NATO, and it has shown a new polarization in the international system. As a regional power and a strategic ally of Russia, Iran has been affected by the war between the West and Russia. This article, with the aim of clarifying the hidden and enigmatic dimension of the effect of this crisis, seeks to answer the question that; What are the consequences of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the international system in the horizon of 2030? Also, what consequences does it have on the national interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The current research was carried out using descriptive and analytical method and using documentary and library sources. The research findings show that; The war between Russia and Ukraine has affected the political, economic, and military aspects of the international system. It has also affected Iran's political and economic interests as Russia's ally in the region and has caused a change in Iran's foreign policy and a shift towards the East, a halt in nuclear negotiations, and the formation of economic cooperation between Russia and Iran. It has also caused Iran to worry about NATO's presence in the Caucasus, affecting Israel-Russia relations and Iran's interests in Syria, as well as energy security.

Today, one of the main concerns of governments is to ensure national security and achieve sustainable development with an emphasis on maintaining social capital. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of social capital components on the promotion of national security after the Islamic Revolution. The current research method is a bit of correlational type and based on the purpose of applied type. The statistical population included all middle and senior managers of Golestan province, numbering 187 people. To determine the sample size, Cochran's formula was used and the sample size was 126 people. The data collection tool was a social capital impact questionnaire with 75 items and a national security questionnaire with 65 items. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used using SPSS24 software. The research findings indicate that in terms of security, social capital resources have a lot in common with the country's national security components, which makes possible the next steps in the path of progress and development. Therefore, it can be concluded that having suitable social capital will provide security in all dimensions and ultimately development and progress at the level of the society, on the contrary, the lack of social capital, the lack of other capitals, including economic, political, cultural, etc. will follow and this issue will be an obstacle in the path of development and progress.

This qualitative research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of the role of Arab-Israeli peace on the security and interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This study is a type of qualitative research that was conducted using the foundational data theory. 12 interviews were conducted with professors of Tehran universities in international relations and political sciences. The result of these interviews was a set of primary themes that were compiled during the process of open coding and categories were extracted from them; Then, in the phase of core coding, the link between these categories was determined under the headings: causal conditions, core phenomenon, strategies, contextual factors, intervening conditions and consequences affecting the security of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the form of a core coding paradigm; In the following and in the selective coding stage, the course of the story was drawn. The results showed that the causal factors affecting the security and interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran are: governance needs, national power strengthening needs, security needs, information needs, religious needs. The strategies related to the research subject include three types of actions at the national level, regional actions and international actions. Inadequate official neighborhood communication, government structural features, limited mutual interactions, lack of strategic plans were identified as intervening factors, and the features of the West Asian (geographical) region, religious features, socio-cultural features are background factors affecting security. and the interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Investigating the possibility of change in the structures of the international system by modifications in the Waltz model of the structure is the main goal of this research. The main question is how to make Waltz's model capable of explaining the structural change in the system. In order to answer this question, the concepts and variables affecting the international outcomes are identified by evaluation and doing a review of Waltz theory and the critics and commentators to offer the proposed plan of this research while being loyal to the Waltz model for a better understanding of the change of structures in the international system. Our results show the stillness of Waltz's model to changes in the structures of the international system, especially in the ordering principles and functional specification. Also, the results show that the Waltz model needs modification due to the lack of the structure of the process. We define a tolerance within two extremes for ordering principle in the first element of the political structure of the system and units, then we change the direction from the principle of difference and similarity to the principle of differentiation and separation in the second element of the political structure of the system and units and finally, we add a third structure called the structure of the process. The triple structure of the international system is presented as the solution of this research to explain the structural change and the emergence of alternative systems.

The formation of citizenship rights is one of the most important concepts in the Islamic system. One of the texts that has carefully addressed this issue is Nahj al-Balaghah. Communities, transparency, as well as in the discussion of the economic rights of fiduciary duty in the treasury, the fight against greed, the creation of welfare, employment and poverty alleviation, as well as civil liberties in the constitution and legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran The Islamic Republic, using the concepts of political and civil law of Naj al-Balagheh, these concepts have been considered in the legal and political texts of the Islamic Republic and in the discourse of political Islam. It is from Nahj al-Balaghah .This syndrome is in fact derived from the original Islamic logic.In fact, this symptom is an important part of religious discourse, which is derived from religious and doctrinal principles on the one hand, and on the other hand, the practical life of Islam, which is manifested in the words of Imam Ali and Nahj al-Balaghah.It is from Nahj al-Balaghah .This syndrome is in fact derived from the original Islamic logic.In fact, this symptom is an important part of religious discourse, which is derived from religious and doctrinal principles on the one hand, and on the other hand, the practical life of Islam, which is manifested in the words of Imam Ali and Nahj al-Balaghah.

The "revolutionary system" theory, known as the focal point of the strategic statement of the second step of the Islamic Revolution, is a theory that establishes a theoretical and operational link between revolutionary boiling and political order and can be an alternative to the theory of "good governance" in Islamic society. In this article, an attempt has been made to use Quantin Skinner's contextualist and intentional hermeneutic approach and to use Delphi's method, while specifying the intellectual backgrounds and ontological and anthropological foundations of Ayatollah Khamenei's (Modzaleh) thoughts, considering the three components of intention. The social context and the linguistic context of the author, the main features of the theory of the revolutionary system should be extracted and introduced in his thoughts. The method of data collection in this article is a qualitative method of documentary analysis and instrumentation, reading and fisheries. In the end, after extracting the main principles of the "revolutionary system" theory, it is concluded that the revolutionary system is a military system with dual bases of legitimizing the people and God, which is formed within the framework of religious values ​​and free will of the people. At the same time, it has always paid attention and emphasized, and its goal is to achieve a great Islamic civilization as the ultimate goal of the Islamic Revolution, and it has nineteen main indicators.

Global security has principles and frameworks that in order to maintain global security, any security effort is aimed at protecting the values ​​of global security or preventing its weakening. With the collapse of the bipolar system and the change in the international system, the concept and foundations of global security underwent changes that weakened these foundations and had many consequences. In the light of global security developments, new actors such as individuals, NGOs, social movements and identities entered the int er na ti o n al arena and the scope of global security threats expanded. In this article, while explaining the principles and frameworks of global security, the threats of the principles of global sec u ri ty have been studied and analyzed in order to obtain a proper explanation of the global security situation and its threats.

During the Islamic Revolution there were a number of active Identities and micro-discourses that appeared in different faces based upon their own True System, Signifiers, and specifications. Through utilizing a qualitative method and discourse analysis theory, this paper tries to answer the question that how the Islamic Revolution discourse has been able to survive via interaction with its micro-discourses during in the aftermath of the 1979 Revolution? Since its inception and during the first decade after the Revolution, known as the Consolidation period, the politics of the Islamic Republic under the Grand Ayatollah Imam Khomeini, was a scene of rivalry among two major micro-discourses, Democratic Political Islam and Islamic, Revolutionary Idealism, each of them could maintain their own hegemony by consolidating key concepts and belief systems through sense-making, legitimizing, and applying floating signifiers in the society. As the paper argues, notwithstanding the occasional intra-conflicts among micro-discourses, the Islamic Revolution discourse, thanks to inclusiveness and deepness of the discursive elements, and loyalty of the masses to the nodal point around which other signifiers were articulated and got meaning (Islam), not only never reached an impasse and standoff, but also provided a forum for competing micro-discourses to present themselves in the coming decades.

The present paper aims to examine the Sino-Iranian conventional military relationship under President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad during the years between 2005 and 2013. The study has attempted to briefly answer the question that how Tehran has continued to build stronger defense capability with the help of Beijing despite the American hegemonic, anti-Iranian policies. The paper has theoretically adopted a realist approach to International Relations and is methodologically based on document analysis. As the paper argues, despite the Western sanctions and U.S containment strategy against the Islamic Republic, Ahmadinejad's Iran, in line with its look to the East approach to foreign relations, successfully developed its indigenous military technology capability further through cooperation with the emerging powers such as the People's Republic of China on the basis of pragmatic calculations of power and interest.