فهرست مطالب elahe sadat hosseini

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), as starchy plants, have been highly esteemed for their rich supply of nutrients. Numerous studies have investigated the potential health benefits of potatoes and explored potential solutions. Among these considerations, the discussion regarding microbial contaminants has remained an important topic.

The present study used cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) to evaluate the microbial quality (includ- ing mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria and mold and yeasts) of raw potato slices during a 14-day storage period. To achieve this goal, the duration of CAP exposure was set at 5, 10, and 15 min, utilizing an electric voltage of 60 kV and a specific frequency of 20 kHz.

The findings revealed the effectiveness of CAP pre-treatment in inhibiting microbial growth over the 14 days when compared to the control sample (untreated sample), with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Moreover, with an extension of the CAP exposure duration to 15 min, there was a significant reduction in the logarithmic count of mesophilic, psychrotrophic microorganisms, molds, and yeasts (4.95, 2.85, and 2.22CFU/g, respectively) in comparison to the control groups (7.5, 5.62, and 5.5CFU/g) on days 0, 7, and 14 of the storage periods (P < 0.05).

The results of this study highlight the potential of CAP pre-treatment on reducing the microbial load in raw potato slices prior to frying, which could potentially influence the overall quality of potato-based products.

Since the auditor's information tool is the audit report, the language and wording used in this report are critical. Although the auditor's report has improved over time, it still suffers from problems. Therefore, audit reports must be prepared carefully to reduce misconceptions as much as possible. In the present study, the effect of earnings management on the tone and complexity of the auditor's reports has been investigated. After prior research and hypothesis development, 135 companies listed with the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1396 and 1397 were selected and tested using ordinary least squares regression. The results indicate a significant negative relationship between accrued earnings management and the positive tone of the auditor's report. The findings also show a significant positive relationship between earnings management and reporting complexity. In addition to expressing the importance and application of this issue for auditors, text mining of audit reports can also help policymakers and developers of reporting standards recognize the expectations gap and take steps to reduce this gap by providing readable audit reports. In addition, it helps to broaden people's understanding of the effects of using qualitative information, such as reporting language, in financial and auditing reports. Also, it shows the relationship between the tone of the auditor's report that is influenced by strategic choice and the use of qualitative disclosure is closely related to the company's performance.

To assess the effect of grazing gradient on some soil physiochemical properties in Incheh rangelands of Golestan province, soil properties such as potassium, organic matter, calcium, magnesium, calcium carbonate, electrical conductivity, bulk density, porosity, weighted mean particle diameter, saturation percentage and the percentage of soil particles at 50, 150, 350, 650 and 1050 meters was measured in the vicinity of pen. Systematic random sampling of soil from 0-15 cm depth was conducted and after soil characteristics measurement in laboratory, ANOVA test was used for data analysis and Duncan test was used for comparison of mean in five sites. Result showed that grazing intensity had an impact on some properties where soil organic carbon was increased, however, it was reduced again in the middle of grazing gradient. Moisture saturation percentage and magnesium followed the same trend, however, calcium and silt showed the reverse trend. As well as potassium, lime, aggregate stability, bulk density, sand, clay and electrical conductivity showed no significant difference in five sites. These factors indicate that soil in moderate grazing has the best condition.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are a well-known source of multipotent adult stem cells. Despite using different methodologies of MSCs preparing for clinical applications, the top safest procedure to manipulate these cells, has not yet been determined. Recently, ex-vivo expansion of MSCs for their subsequent implantation, using some biological product, is suggested instead of fetal bovine serum (FBS). Previous studies have shown the effect of follicular fluid (FF) (a dynamic fluid in ovarian follicle) as an additive component in cell culture. Hence, this study aimed to decipher its role on the human BM-MSC proliferation. In this study, BM-MSCs at 3rd passage were cultivated in the presence of 20% FF (group I), 10% FF+ FBS 10% (group II) and FBS 20% as control group. The capacity of proliferation as calculating population doubling times and gene expression levels of stem cell factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1, and transforming growth factor beta were analyzed in osteogeneic media to examine the impacts of FF on osteogenesis of MSCs. Our results corroborated an up-regulatory effect of FF on the proliferation of BM-MSCs by shorter population doubling times in the group II of treated cells and an increase in gene expression level of osteocalcin and transforming growth factor beta in the presence of higher concentrations of FF in cell culture  FF 20% and 10%, respectively. FF is a potent mitogen for cell proliferation. FF may be an efficient substitution of FBS in ex-vivo cell culture, eliminating zoonotic infections and immunological reactions.

The problems associated with the consumption of high-fat foods have increased the requirement to use new formulations based on fat replacer. Inulin has textural properties and it’s a prebiotic source. Due to the cream’s wide usage in dairy industry, it is tried to make cream with textural and organoleptic characteristics that contains the least amount of calories. Meanwhile, Table cream (30%) was used as basis for production and the treatments were added to the different containers which contain skim milk and the temperature was raised to about 70 °C to completely dissolve the mixture. Then, skim milk containing hydrocolloids (T1 = 0, T2 = 0.5%, T3 = 1%, T4 = 1/5%, T5 = 2 and T6 = 2/5% w/w) were added to the cream tanks until the fat percentage was reached to 10%. After performing of the "two-stage homogenization" process which carried out at 150 bar under temperature of 70 °C, the pasteurization process was executed. The control sample was prepared with a fat content of 30%. After packing, samples stability was investigated every 10 days during the 2 months by rheological, physicochemical and sensory tests. In this study in order to analysis of the results, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test (P˂5%) were used and all tests were done in three replications. According to the results of this study, in terms of physicochemical and rheological properties, T6 and T5 treatments and regarding to sensory characteristics T1, T2 and T3 treatments found as superior formulations in maintenance periods.

Salinization is the main characteristic of soils in arid and semi-arid regions which reduce the agricultural potential of irrigated lands. Therefore, soil reclamation as well as determination of the leaching requirement for salt control is very important for better plant growth. In this study, the effects of leaching on saline soils of Sistan region, southeast of Iran were examined using unsaturated disturbed soil columns. The experiment was conducted on four texture types (loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam and clay loam) and three replications. Soil samples were purred in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cylinders and leaching procedures were conducted in 10 stages with up to 5 pore volumes. Effluent from each column was collected and evaluated in terms of Na, K, Ca2, Mg2 and EC. At the end of the study, soil columns were cut and their corresponding samples were analyzed for Na, K, Ca2, Mg2 and EC. The results of leaching experiments showed that the water used in this study could reduce solute concentration and thus, this soil does not need any amendment. For most soil textures, it was also observed that almost 85% of the salts were leached after the fifth stage of the leaching process. According to the results, ions entry into the effluent solution is fast in the coarse textured soils. So, the difference between the amounts of irrigation water needed to transport the salts and leach the saline soils can be attributed to the soil texture. It seems that the main reason for these reactions is the cation exchange.