esmat abdolahi

When the Prophet entered Medina, many Jews lived in that city who had close relations with the Arabs living in Medina. Thus, after entering the city, the Prophet (PBUH) made a pact of alliance with the Jews, and because they were the People of the Book, he tried to persuade them to convert to Islam with the enlightening verses of the Qur'an. The present study tries to answer the question, what was the evolution of the Prophet's discourse in relation to the Jews of Medina (according to the verses of the Qur'an)? According to the verses of the Qur'an, he tried to establish peaceful relations with the Jews; He first tried to present the verses of the Qur'an to them and thus warn them and invite the Jews to Islam by warning and establishing peaceful interaction with them. But because the Jews resisted and argued with the enlightening messages of Islam, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) turned away from them based on the verses of the Qur'an and warned them of the consequences of the method they had taken; Finally, receiving the Jizyah from them and fighting them as the last divine command was revealed to the Prophet against those of the People of the Book who were stubborn and hostile to the Muslims.

In the field of anthropological topics, various issues have been raised, and knowing the perfect human being and examining the characteristics of a desirable human being are among the most important of these issues, because it is rooted in the natural human desire for perfectionism. For this reason, all human religions and schools have tried to define the perfect and desirable human being and to calculate its special characteristics. In this research, we tried to draw the most important characteristics of a perfect human being from the perspective of the Holy Quran and the school of humanistic psychology, using the method of comparative study within religion, and examine the similarities and differences of the opinions presented. The findings of the research show that in the humanistic approach and in the hierarchy of needs, factors such as satisfying the need for security, matching one's experiences with self-concept, self-acceptance, positive self-esteem, freedom from the past and the future cause a sense of peace and security in the life of a complete human being. While in the Quranic approach, being a believer and being in the safe fence of faith in God, relying on him, following religious orders and living according to divine principles lead to self-confidence, liberation from the past and future, and as a result, a sense of security and It calms down.