فهرست مطالب f aghayari

Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator that reduces gibberellin in plants. In this research, paclobutrazol and nitrogen foliar application was investigated on the yield and grain quality of superwheat hybrid cultivar in Karaj region, in the form of split plots in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications in the crop year 2017-2018. The main factor in this experiment included three different levels of nitrogen (60, 105 and 150 kg/ha) from the urea source, the second factor included two levels of paclobutrazol (zero and 200 mg/liter). The results showed that the application of paclobutrazol increased the grain yield and grain quality of wheat, and with the increase in the amount of nitrogen, the yield, yield components and quality of wheat grain increased. The highest amount of seed yield was 14.05 ton/ha, the number of seeds per spike was 89.35 seeds, the harvest index was 43.41% and the seed protein was 12.44% related to the mutual effects of nitrogen 150 kg per hectare and the application of paclobutrazol. Therefore, in order to increase the yield and quality of wheat grain, it is recommended to use paclobutrazol along with nitrogen at 150 kg per hectare.

There are new technologies such as geographic information systems (GIS) that can be effective in the optimization of irrigation water. Therefore, utilizing these resources in a desirable, effective and efficient manner to ensure sustainable development is one of the most important issues in the today's world. The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the potential water use efficiency (WUEp) index in the plain scale by using net water requirement data, area under cultivation and yields, and to determine the comparative advantage of wheat and barley plants in Tehran, Alborz, Qom, Qazvin and Zanjan provinces by employing the geographic information system (GIS). The yields of wheat and barley products by weighted average in ArcGIS software were converted to yields in the plains scale. To calculate the potential and actual water use efficiency, we used the OPTIWAT software in order to calculate the net irrigation water and the current irrigation efficiency plains; also, the yields of wheat and barley products in the plains scale were used. Zoning water use efficiency indexes was performed by using the ArcGIS software and Kriging method. Mapping results showed a comparative advantage of crops in the west and northwest of Tehran province, south and southwest of Alborz province, southwest, north- west and center of Qazvin province, center Qom province and also, northern and southern regions of the Zanjan province, in comparison to other areas. Average potential and actual water use efficiency in the whole study area of the provinces for wheat were 1.43 and 0.58 kg m-3, respectively, while these were 1.62 and 0.65 kg m-3 for barley, respectively.