f. bidarnamani

Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is native to India and its seeds are rich in phosphorus and protein. Drought is one of the most important limiting agents of plant production. Carbohydrate metabolism and the process of dry matter distribution is disrupted by limitation of carbon stabilization due to stomata closure and reduction of photosynthesis under drought stress. Potassium is an essential nutrient and the most abundant cation that it has a major role in plant growth and almost all related activities. The presence of potassium enhanced the synthesis of hydrocarbons and proteins, which results in amplification of plant tolerance to drought stress.

Experiment was performed at Agricultural Research Institute, in 2017-2018 to study the yield and nutritive value of mung bean. This research was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plot was drought stress consist of 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from the A class pan and sub plot was including 0, 85, 170 and 255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate fertilizer. The characteristics plant height, biological yield, seed yield, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility were measured. The samples nitrogen content was estimated by Kjeldahl set and it was multiplied by the protein coefficient 6.25 and the crude protein percentage was calculated. Van Soest method was used for measuring of insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent. Ethanol was utilized to measure soluble sugars by sulfuric acid method. The percentage of digestible dry matter was estimated according to Equation (1).DMD= 88.9 - (0.779×ADF%) (1) Variance analysis of data was carried out by MSTAT-C software and the comparison of the means was done with Duncan's multiple range test at the 5% probability level.

The results showed that drought stress treatment on all mung bean plant characteristics was significance at 1% level. The effect of sulfate potassium fertilizer on plant height, biological yield, seed yield, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at 1% significance level and on insoluble fiber in neutral detergent were significant at 5% level. The interaction effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on Plant height, biological yield, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent, insoluble fiber in acid detergent, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and dry matter digestibility at 1% significance level and on seed yield were significant at 5% level. The results showed that in the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, plant height and biological yield increased by 37.9% and 89.6%, respectively. In the control irrigation + application of potassium sulfate fertilizer (170 kg.ha-1) compared to the control potassium treatment, dry matter digestibility increased by 30.12% and insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent decreased by 44.3% and 43.8%, respectively. The most amount of water soluble carbohydrate (18.3%) in 120 mm evaporation from A class pan and the highest value of crude protein (22.8%) in 90 mm evaporation from A class pan and in both characteristic application were effective 170 kg.ha-1 of potassium sulfate.

The result showed that interaction of drought stress and potassium sulfate fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative of mung bean traits was significant. Plant height and biological yield increased 37.9% and 89.6% by addition of sulfate potassium consumption from 0 to 170 kg.ha-1, respectively. Seed yield enhanced compared to control treatment (33.8%) by using of 255 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate. Drought stress decreased dry matter digestibility and it increased crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate, insoluble fiber in neutral detergent and insoluble fiber in acid detergent. Potassium sulfate fertilizer amount 170 and 255 kg.ha-1 recommend for maintaining of yield and qualitative of mung bean in Sistan region in non-stress and drought stress conditions.

 Phalaenopsis is one of the beautiful and commercial species of orchid family that there is little research on its medicinal properties. Phalaenopsis orchids can be grown outdoors in warm, humid conditions that are damp but not wet, in a location that is shady but bright. Since the introduction of orchid meristem culture in 1960, branching in micro-propagation methods develop based on using two clearly different culture schemes. It have been used from medicinal properties of orchids for anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-seizure, diuretic, nutrient protection, relaxation, anti-aging, wound healing, hypoglycemia, anti-tumor, antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-oxidants and anti-diarrhea.
 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the canonical correlation between morphological and phytochemical characteristics of five phalaenopsis orchid varieties: Nottingham, Bucharest, Andorra, Memphis, and Dubrovnik. Micro-propagation of orchid seeds was performed after sterilization of capsules by bleach and ethanol. Leaf and root organs of 5 orchid varieties were harvested from Chen medium in Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Zabol, on 2020. The sliced samples were dried in an oven at 50 °C for 72 hours, after separating the leaves and roots of each variety. The powdered leaves and roots of each variety (5 g) were separately immersed in 50 ml of ethanol for 24 hours at room temperature. Then the extracts were placed on a shaker at room temperature at 120 rpm.
 The results showed that the first two canonical variables were significant and third variable was not significant. The first canonical variable has the highest special value of 65.83 and the second and third canonical variables have 4.59 and 0.10 special values, respectively. According to this research the first canonical variable with the highest special values, square of canonical correlation and the most cumulative percentages should be studied in all morphological and phytochemical characteristics. Significant canonical correlation in morphological characteristics fit 94% of the total variance of physiological variables, while significant canonical variables in phytochemical characteristics fit 100% of the variance of phytochemical characteristics. Due to the fact that phalaenopsis orchid flower has many leaf and root wastes, the findings of this study show that due to the medicinal properties of this plant, we can reduce the waste of this plant in greenhouses and production centers of this flower. In this study, the amount of phenol, flavonoid and antioxidants were determined. Also the relationship between morphological and phytochemical traits showed that this plant has medicinal properties. The lowest number of leaves belongs to Memphis variety and the highest number of leaves belongs to Nottingham variety, among the studied varieties. Therefore, it can be concluded that the roots are longer and shorter in orchid varieties with white (Nottingham) and purple (Memphis) flower respectively. Also, the second focal variable of root trait with the highest coefficient had a negative correlation with the number of leaves and root length, which shows that in the second correlation of the number of leaves and root length, the number of roots will decrease. In the second focal variable, the number of roots had a positive focal correlation with leaf length. That is, the closer we get to the second center of correlations between morphological traits, the more direct and positive becomes the relationship between root number and leaf length traits.
 According to the results and high percentage of fitness in phytochemical characteristics, it can be concluded that phytochemical traits can more precisely express the correlation between the traits. Also it showed significance of canonical correlation between two variable groups, the relationship between phytochemical and morphological traits of five varieties of phalaenopsis orchid. In general, the results of this study showed orchid varieties have high phenolic and flavonoid compounds and have the highest restraint power of free radical in canonical correlation, and they can be used as medicine. In this study, it was found that Phalaenopsis orchid varieties had phenolic content and good antioxidant capacity relatively and there was a high positive correlation between morphological and phytochemical traits and enhanced with adding the plant's length or number of leaves containing phytochemical compounds. Also, according to the results of this study and similar findings in other research, it was found that the production of secondary metabolites of orchids and other plants under the influence of genetic and environmental conditions can affect the production and amounts of chemical compounds and medicinal performance of plants.