فهرست مطالب f. iran manesh

The tools used in dentistry become contaminated after treatment. The most common method of sterilizing them is autoclaving. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of type B autoclaves in Rafsanjan dental clinics in 2019-20.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 42 dental clinics were examined. In order to evaluate the performance of autoclaves, SPORVIEW biological indicator and incubator with a temperature of 55-60 º C were used. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test.

The present study showed that 85.69% of the autoclaves performed the sterilization process correctly and 14.31% of them failed to perform this process.

The results showed that type B autoclaves of dental clinics in Rafsanjan have a good performance for sterilizing instruments.

Background and Objectives The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely disrupted medical education. Distance learning is a way to reduce this problem. The Vice Chancellor for Education of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences has tried to implement distance education as much as possible by using a program that includes perspective, strategy and operational plan. With the implementation of empowerment courses, policy making, informing, providing the necessary tools and continuous monitoring of the program, 5075 educational activities have been registered on Navid's learning management system. But there are still issues that need to be addressed: activating simultaneous online learning, increasing educational interactions, and producing SCORM-(Sharable Content Object Reference Model) based educational content.

Professional development of faculty members is one of the aspects of improving academic quality and an effective factor in improving the quality and empowerment of faculty members in educational system. The purpose of this study was to determine the needs of the faculty members of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences by applying agreement approach.

This descriptive study was conducted among 57 faculty members of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2018, using census method, with the aim of identifying needs in five areas: research, education, personal skills and competencies, information technology and evaluation, and management and executive needs. Needs assessment was conducted using the Delphi technique in three rounds. The results were reported as mean, standard deviation, median in separate tables and priority needs were determined in each area.

The most important needs in the five areas included getting to know writing articles in English, searching for electronic resources and databases, introducing new teaching methods in the classroom, principles and practices of learning, language courses such as speaking, familiarization with the translation technique, analysis methods and structural equations with LISREL and AMOS, softwares for analyzing qualitative research, communication skills and classroom management.

Accordingly, design, implementation and evaluation of educational programs is recommended by the Education Development Center and other related units of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

Geomorphologic Characteristics are base of study of natural resources in watershed basin. Because, these Characteristics are influenced by many factors such as climate, soil, hydrology, ecology, geology and so on. Doubtless, erosion features will develop with Geomorphologic Characteristics. In this research, effective factors on geomorphologic Characteristics and development of erosion features have analyzed using remote sensing data and GIS and with an integration method. In this way, boundary of basin was clipped using topography map in 1:50000 scales. Then, all layers such as geology, slope, and land use and land capability were digitized. An image of Land sat ETM+ taken in 2002 was also used to discretion of geomorphologic unit, Type and interpretation of erosion features.
The results showed that, Geomorphologic features in the basin separated to mountains, hills and alluvial deposit base on height, slope and morph metric Characteristics. Totally, eight Geomorphologic fancies are recognized. Stone mass with deposited cover from mountain unit with regular slope (1_1_1) have 74 ha (45% from whole area). Also, a lot of surface erosion has developed like white scattered spots and without vegetable or few vegetable. To add natural factors, human factors such as livelihood and sheep keeper can effect on developed erosion features.

Dasht Yari plain is nearly 580,000 hectares which is under engraving gully erosion and unfortunately the gully development rate is increased in the recent decades. Satellite images may provide quick, extensive, and valuable information for the interpretation of morphometric characterstics of gully erosion expansion due to having attributes such as time series, relatively low cost, large coverage, and finally being capable of digital analysis. Therefore, this research was initiated to use these possible capabilities to find a quick and cost effective method to determine the morphometric characteristics of gullies with use of the Landsat ETM+ digital data of Dasht Yari plain in Chabahar county in southeast of Iran. The Landsat 7 data of 2001 and the field data collected from 25 selected gullies from the same area were used as control in this study. After geometric and haze corrections with use of spectral enhancement methods such as linear enhancement and color composites, the images were made ready for visual interpretation and selection field sites for the subsequent field sampling. On the selected 25 gullies, the field data collection including width, length, and height of gullies at 25%, 50%, and 75% cross sections was performed. At the end of the image processing, with use of image interpretation techniques such filtering, fusion and principal component analysis (PCA), morphometric characteristics of the gullies was computed and compared with the field data. Mean comparison and F and t-student tests were used to verify any statistical differences between two set of the data. The results showed that the data set were different at 1 and 5 percent levels. From the image processing methods, the PCA method had the smallest difference with the field collected data. Therefore, we may conclude that PCA method may be used for monitoring the gully expansion in the Dashat Yari plain and similar plains in the southeast of Iran.