فهرست مطالب faezeh dehghani

Tire recycling or tire recycling is a process in which car tires are no longer worn out or are no longer suitable for use because of a rupture or unrepairable failure. These tires are among the most significant waste that is very problematic. This problem is due to the persistence and persistence of tires and their high volume of production. It is estimated that 259 million tires are discarded each year. In this research, the Preparation stages of production of activated carbon nanofibers produced from the recycling of worn tire rubber with different percentages of different solvents of potassium hydroxide, ethanol, and toluene were studied and tested. To achieve a solution for worn tire tires, a certain amount of scraped rubber fragments was dissolved in potassium hydroxide, ethanol, and toluene solvents, and electrospinning solutions were determined and prepared and to produce nanofiber layers, Electrospinning operations are performed. By scanning electron microscopy images, the mean diameter of nanofibers obtained in potassium hydroxide solvent was the lowest, and scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the absence of willow in the produced nanofibers. The efficiency of carbon production was determined as 37.2%. To confirm the formation of activated carbon, FTIR spectra were used, which confirmed the presence of spike related to the aromatic ring formation of activated carbon nanofibers after activation.

Obesity is among the factors that are linked with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, findings of previous studies on the relationship between obesity and GERD were conflicting. We aimed to assess the relationship between obesity and GERD in a large group of Iranian adults.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 4457 adults. Anthropometric measures were obtained by the use a validated self-reported questionnaire. Subjects were classified into three categories based on their body mass index (BMI): normal weight, overweight and obese. Also they were classified into three categories based on their waist circumference: normal, abdominally overweight and abdominally obese. The prevalence of gastrointestinal reflux disease was assessed according to Rome III criteria. Additional information about other variables was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire.
Findings: The prevalence of GERD among study population was 23.9%. In crude model, the obese individuals had a 58% greater chance for GERD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25-1.98), compared to those with normal weight. However, after adjustment for dietary habits and waist circumference, this association disappeared (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.75-1.48). After adjustment for confounders, those with abdominal obesity had a 43% greater odd for GERD (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.13-1.85). However further adjustment for weight interaction lead to a non-significance association (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 0.96-1.65). Stratified analysis by gender revealed no significant association between obesity and GERG in men. But obese women had 43% increased odds of GERD and abdominally obese women had 51% higher odds of GERD; although adjustment for the mutual effects of waist circumference and weight disappeared these relations. There was no significant association between general or abdominal obesity and frequency or severity of GERD, after adjustment for all potential confounders.
General obesity was significantly associated with increased risk of GERD; however, this association disappeared after controlling for dietary habits and waist circumference. Abdominally obese individuals had higher odds of GERD, compared to those with normal waist circumference.