farzaneh eslami

Producers and promoters of content in cyberspace, due to their particular activity in cyberspace, which in a way forms the main infrastructure of other cyber activities of users of virtual content, have a special place in the direction of making cyberspace an ethical space. The important issue is to explain the requirements of ethical adherence and ethical behavior of producers and promoters of content in cyberspace. If the issue is not explained, the ethical behavior of these people and as a result, the moralization of cyberspace is impossible and unattainable. The purpose of this research is to answer the questions that are related to the value bases of the actions and moral responsibilities of the producers and promoters of content in cyberspace and information and communication technologies. From the perspective of the revealed teachings of Islam, the principles and moral values in the field of content production and promotion in the virtual space are: truth and honesty, attention to the affairs of others and service, responsibility and conscientiousness, trustworthiness and respect for the rights of others, increasing knowledge, avoiding the spread of prostitution. , protecting the environment and avoiding rumours. The research method in terms of collecting information, is library and field observation of cyberspace and in terms of presenting information in an analytical form and in terms of the purpose is practical.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the quality and quantity of bone formation in unilateral maxillary alveolar cleft reconstruction using cone beam computed tomography. This study was conducted on 10 non-syndromic patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate within the age group of 9-12 years. The study population was randomly assigned into two groups of PRF and control, each of which entailed 5 cases. In the PRF group, the autogenous anterior iliac crest bone graft was used in combination with PRF gel. On the other hand, the control group was subjected to reconstruction only by bone graft. The dental cone beam CT images were obtained immediately (T0) and 3 months (T1) after the operation to assess the quality and quantity of the graft. Independent and paired sample t-tests and analysis of covariance were used to analyze and compare the data related to the height, thickness, and density of the new bone. The mean thickness difference of the graft in both PRF and control groups at T0 and T1 was not significantly different (P>0.05). Furthermore, the reduction changes of bone height at the graft site from T0 to T1 were not statistically significant for both groups (P=0.78). The mean total bone loss of the regenerated bone from T0 to T1 was lower in the control group than that in the PRF group; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The usage of PRF exerted no significant effect on the thickness, height, and density of maxillary alveolar graft.

Due to the wide use of Azo-dyes in various industries, they are among the most important organic pollutants in water. Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, the toxicity of its byproducts and production of unfavorable color in water are important and unpleasant properties of Azo-dyes. The aim of this study is to fabricate chitosan/iron oxide nanocomposite and assess its ability for removal of Eriochrome black-T as an Azo-dye from contaminated waters. The chitosan/iron oxide nanocomposite was prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunner, Emmett, and Teller analysis and X-ray diffraction. The TEMPeffectiveness of the adsorbent for removal of the dye from prepared aqueous solutions was assessed in the laboratory. TEMPEffect of Eriochrome black T concentrations, amounts of the adsorbent, pH solution and contact time on decolorization were evaluated with “one at a time” method which in optimal conditions the maximum dye removal was higher TEMPthan 95%. The experimental isotherms data were analyzed using Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich isotherm equations. Adsorption kinetics data were properly fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The best fit was obtained by the Langmuir model with high correlation coefficients (R2=0.95) with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity about 200 mg/g. The results show that the adsorbent can efficiently remove 60 percent of Azo-dye form samples simulated with real matrix so the synthesized Nanocomposite efficiently removed the dye.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the changes in the mechanical properties and surface morphology of different orthodontic wires after immersion in three mouthwash solutions.
In this in vitro study, five specimens of each of 0.016 inch nickel titanium (NiTi), coated NiTi, and stainless steel orthodontic wires were selected. The specimens were immersed in 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF), 0.2% chlorhexidine, Zataria multiflora extract, and distilled water (control) for 1.5 h at 37°C. After immersion, loading and unloading forces at 0.5 mm intervals and the elastic modulus (E) of the wires were measured using a three‑point bending test. Surface changes were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two‑way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests were used to compare the properties of the wires. The level of significance was set at 0.05.
Statistically significant changes in loading and unloading forces and E of the orthodontic wires were observed after immersion in different mouthwash solutions (P 0.05). SEM images showed surface changes in some types ofthe orthodontic wires.
The mouthwashes used in this study seemed to change the mechanical properties and surface quality of the orthodontic wires.

Accurate localization of the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) is extremely important in some dental treatments. Anatomical variation of the canal means that it can be difficult to locate. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of the gonial angle (GA) size and IAC position using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

In this in vitro study, 61 dry adult human hemi-mandibles were used. The CBCT scans were taken of all samples and GA was measured on all CBCT scans. The samples were divided into two groups of low angle (≤125°) and high angle (>125°). The canal dimensions, length and course were evaluated. On the sagittal view, the IAC path was classified as type A, B or C. On the axial view, canal course was defined as A1 or A2 according to the mental foramen angle.

The average GA size was 121.8±7.05° at the right side and 123.8±6.32° at the left side. On the sagittal view, there was a significant correlation between the GA size and the canal course (P=0.04). In the high-angle group, type A was dominant; whereas in the low-angle group, type B was more common. On the axial view of IAC course, type A1 was more common (73.43%).

The results showed that GA size was associated with IAC course. In cases with a larger GA, the canal runs in a more straightforward path, and at the same level as the mental foramen.