farzin davoodi

Endolymphatic sac tumors (ELSTs) are uncommon low-grade, locally invasive epithelial tumor that originates from the endolymphatic sac of the inner ear and temporal bone. It is a rare event with less than 300 cases worldwide. In this article, we present a case of ELTS who presented with facial asymmetry and hearing loss.In this article, we present a case of ELTS who presented with facial asymmetry and hearing loss.

A 15-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with right-sided facial hemiplegia and hearing loss in her right ear which was started and progressed within two years. Except for facial hemiparalysis, other physical examinations were normal. In her audiological investigations, severe hearing loss of her right ear was evident. Imaging studies were indicative of ELSTs. This diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological investigations.

ELST is an aggressive papillary tumor that arises from the endolymphatic sac. In most cases, this tumor presents as a solitary growth. It usually presents with hearing loss but can be associated with other symptoms like tinnitus, vertigo and nerve VII paralysis. Imaging studies play a crucial role in the diagnosis of ELST, as it can reveal a characteristic soft-tissue mass involving the temporal bone, with bony erosion and extension into adjacent structures. Surgery is considered as the main form of treatment for ELSTs.

ELSTs are exceedingly rare events. Here we presented a case of ESLT with right facial hemiplegia and right ear deafness.

Tonsillar Lymphangiomatous Polyp (TLP) is a rare hamartomatous lesion composed of lymphangiectasia fibro-lipomatous elements. Its stromal framework includes adipose tissue with dilated lymphatic ducts and lymphoid tissue. Despite its rarity, TLP can be challenging to classify due to its unique clinical and pathological characteristics. In this context, we present a comprehensive examination of a TLP patient and documented TLP cases.

 A 27-year-old man was referred to the Kurdistan Otolaryngology Clinic due to persistent snoring, difficulty swallowing, and a foreign body sensation in his throat. A pedunculated mass was found on the superior pole of the right tonsil. He underwent a bilateral tonsillectomy, and the pathological examination revealed lymphangiomatous polyps. The patient had no postoperative bleeding and showed no recurrence after a year.

 The head and neck region is the most common area for lymphatic lesions, particularly lymphangiomas. While tonsillar lymphangiomatous tumors are rare, identifying them in this area can be challenging. Tonsillar lymphangiomatous polyps are benign tumors that can sometimes be misdiagnosed as malignant neoplasms. Common clinical presentations of lymphangiomatous polyps included dysphagia, dyspnea, and a sensation of having a foreign body in the throat. Surgical removal through tonsillectomy is the established treatment approach, with no documented instances of post-surgery recurrence.

 We studied a Tonsillar Lymphangiomatous Polyp (TLP) case and provided a comprehensive understanding of its clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical attributes. Accurate diagnosis requires histological evaluation, and the recommended treatment involves complete removal of the tonsils.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many vaccines were developed to counter the disease, including the vector-based Sputnik V vaccine. This study aims to identify the side effects of the Sputnik V COVID–19 vaccine in a medical center and compare the results with the previous reports.

A questionnaire-based study was performed after the injection of the first and second doses of the vaccine to assess the side effects experienced by the participants. It was performed by reviewing similar previous studies.

Injection site pain, muscle pain, fever, fatigue, chills, and headache were the most common side effects of the vaccine. The incidence of major side effects decreased with age and was lower in men. In our study and others, the incidence of side effects was decreased in the second dose. In some studies, participants with a previous history of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCOV-2) infection developed more side effects, especially injection site pain, muscle pain, and fatigue.

Most studies agree with our reported results. Serious side effects of this vaccine are rare and may be considered tolerable in adults

Chronic otitis media is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear and behind the tympanic membrane without signs of acute infection. The association between a middle ear infection and anatomical and physiological disorders of the Eustachian tube has been reported in several studies and its malfunction is one of the main causes of middle ear infection.

We aim to find the relation betweentubotympanic angle of theEustachian tube and chronicotitis media.

In this study, 100 patients with chronic unilateral middle ear infections were included. To determine the tubotympanic angle of the Eustachian tube, a temporal bone CT scan was used in the radiology department of Loghman Hospital. Eustachian tube angle andear function were recorded.

Among the 100 patients in the study, 42 were men and 58 were women. The mean age of patients in the study was 39.64±12.64 years. The angle was 3.79 ± 34.27 in the healthy ear and 2.43 ± 31.06 in the diseased ear, which showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Eustachian tube angles in adults may play an important role in the cause of chronic otitis media. In this study, it was found that the horizontalization of the Eustachian tube is associated with chronic otitis media. Besides, determining the angle of the Eustachian tube can help determine the susceptibility to otitis media.

Recent studies have shown that insufficient vitamin D supply is correlated with increase in COVID-19 cases and its mortality. Potentially, it may play an important role in controlling virus proliferation.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and clinical findings, and mortality rate in patients with COVID-19.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 COVID-19 patients referred or admitted to Loghman-e-Hakim Hospital of Tehran, Iran, from February to June 2020. After patient selection, demographic information of all patients was recorded. Eventually, the relationship between basic demographic and clinical findings with vitamin D levels in all patients was evaluated.

The mean Vit-D levels in intubated and non-intubated patients were 22.95 ± 22.23 ng/mL and 21.64 ± 29.20 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.018). In most of the outpatients (46.7%), Vit-D levels were between 21 - 30 ng/mL, and 47.6% of admitted patients had Vit-D ≤20 ng/mL. The mean Vit-D level in survived patients was significantly higher than patients who died (28.2±21.18 ng/mL vs. 19.91± 14.18 ng/mL, respectively; P = 0.021). While 34.2% (55 cases) of survived patients had Vit-D level ≥ 31 ng/mL, about 70% of death cases had Vit-D ≤ 20 ng/mL (P < 0.001).

According to our results, vitamin D supplementation could be beneficial in COVID-19 patients. However, further comprehensive clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Providing thermal comfort conditions in sleeping environment can significantly affect the occupants’ health. So, the parameters of the air conditioning system must be properly set to satisfy thermal comfort criteria for persons with different physiological characteristics. In the present study, a task/ambient air conditioning (TAC) system is modeled and the effect of gender and body mass index on thermal sensation has been analysed by individualized three-node model. Results show that although Gagge standard model predict pleasant thermal comfort condition, thermal sensation index varies from -0.63 to 0.66 based on individualized three-node model, and in some cases exceed the thermal comfort region. Moreover, healthy and fat people have a warm sensation in clothed parts of the body and thin people, especially women, have a cold sensation in bare parts of the body. Also, based on the results women compared with men, and thin people compared with obese people feel colder. By changing BMI, thermal sensation index can change up to 0.36, which is very significant in the assessment of thermal comfort.

Comprehensive evaluation of individual thermal sensation could help engineers to optimum design heating and cooling systems, in order to reduce energy consumption. Differences in the persons’ individual parameters such as age, gender, weight, height and basal metabolic rate have a significant effect on the human body thermoregulation and thermal sensation. Since the individual parameters have not been considered in standard thermal comfort models, they don’t lead to accurate results for specific individuals. In this study, the impact of individual characteristics, including weight, height and gender, on thermal sensation have been evaluated separately and discussed to improve the prediction of thermal comfort for different persons. Individual three-node model has been accurately estimated thermal sensation of the bare and clothed parts of the body by considering individual physiological differences in human thermoregulation. The model has been verified against the analytical and experimental results where a good agreement was found. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the differences in BMI’s persons could result in a variance of 1.5 unit in calculation of thermal sensation. Thermal sensation results show that females, compared with males, are more sensitive at 15℃ (as operative temperature) and the difference, depending on BMI’s subjects, is within the range of 0.27-0.9 units.

Differences in the persons’ individual parameters such as age, gender, weight, height and basal metabolic rate have a significant effect on the human body thermoregulation. Therefore, using the human thermal models that developed on the basis of large humanity population cannot lead to accurate results for specific individuals. Because, the individual parameters have not been considered in standard thermal comfort models and also available individual and local models are so complicated in applications; nowadays, the necessity of developing a simple and accurate individualized model is felt. In this study, some physiological parameters such as: body fat percentage, subcutaneous fat layer thickness, body heat capacity coefficient and tissue conductive resistances have been modeled from readily-available external measurement of individuals and these parameters are incorporated into three node-model algorithm structure to predict individual variations in thermal response between individuals. Three-node thermal comfort model is based on Gagge’s standard model that has been accurately estimated thermal sensation of the bare and clothed parts of the body. The model has been verified against the analytical and experimental results where a good agreement was found. In conclusion, the results indicate that the mean error in prediction of skin temperature is decreased from 1.2℃ for three-node model to 0.4℃ for the new individual model.