fateme fazeli

The incidence of pancreatic neoplasms in infants and children is 1.8 cases per 1000000. Three of children’s most common primary pancreatic neoplasms are pancreatoblastoma, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas, and pancreatic endocrine neoplasms. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas is a low-grade malignant tumor. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm in children is presented with a palpable mass (60%), followed by abdominal pain (33.3%). Although duodenal invasion frequently occurs in patients with pancreatic cancer, massive gastrointestinal bleeding is seldom encountered. The most helpful imaging technique is the CT scan. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for solid pseudopapillary neoplasms.

A 14 years old male adolescent was presented to our pediatric emergency department with fatigue, dizziness, fever, vomiting, and tachycardia. He had melena 5 days before admission. Crystalloids, pantoprazole, and packed red blood cells were administered to stabilize the patient. As the initial resuscitation measures stabilized the patient, endoscopic gastroduodenoscopy was performed, and a vascular lesion measuring 60×70 mm was noted in the second part of the duodenum. CT scan of the abdomen with intravenous and oral contrast showed a mass with solid and cystic components measuring 75×52 mm between the head of the pancreas and gallbladder origination from the head of the pancreas. The patient underwent Whipple surgery. The diagnosis of the pathologic evaluation was a solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas.

Most pediatric pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas present with a palpable mass and abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare presentation not mentioned in previous case reports.

Skin melanoma is one of the most invasive types of skin cancer. It accounts for about 75% of all skin cancer deaths and has not yet been definitively treated. As a result, early diagnosis and prevention of the disease is important. Much research has been done to find ways to treat and cure cancer. One of the newest methods in this field is the use of nanotechnology to detect and inhibit cancer cells. In this study, the effect of using Nano microbubbles of Air, Oxygen and Ozone on A375 melanoma cancer cell line was evaluated.

A375 cell line treated with different concentrations of Nano microbubbles of Air, Oxygen and Ozone and were evaluated by MTT method. In order to measure cell viability, MTT plate was added to each well and then the plate was incubated.

According to the results of this study, a decrease in the viability of A375 cancer cells with an increase in the concentration of Oxygen and Ozone Nano microbubbles after 24 hours indicates apoptosis and has a significant inhibition of the growth of these cells.

The results of this study indicate that Nano microbubbles of Oxygen and Ozone in high concentrations cause cell death of A375 cell line. The results of this study will help investigate the role of Nano microbubbles of Air, Oxygen and Ozone in the treatment of melanoma cancer.

Molecular deoxyribonucleic acid markers are one of the most important tools in molecular biology labs. The size of DNA molecule is determined by comparing them with known bands of markers during gel electrophoresis. In this study, we have suggested an efficient strategy to produce molecular weight markers in an industrial scale.

A combination of two previously known methods, restriction enzyme digestion and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), was used. The enzymatic digestion process was based on designing and constructing plasmids which equaled in size with the bands of ladder and produce the DNA fragment by plasmid linearization through digestion. In the PCR method, the DNA fragments with length 102 bp lesser than the related bands in DNA ladder are amplified by PCR and cloned in pTZ57T/A cloning vector. Then, PCRs with forward and reverse 100‑bp primers on the resulting plasmids amplify the ladder fragments. F100 and R100 primers bind to the backbone of pTZ57R (without insert) and amplify a 100‑bp PCR product. PCR on the plasmid with insert amplifies DNA fragment with 102+ insert length bp size.

Upon application of this strategy, 2000-10,000 bp DNA fragments were produced by enzymatic digestion of plasmids of the same size. Moreover, 100-1500 bp fragments were produced during PCR using only a set of forward and reverse (100 bp) primers.

The highest advantage of this cost–benefit approach is to produce different types of molecular weight markers by using an effective and short protocol.