fateme javid

The Influence of Environment on Child Development: The environment in which a child grows and nurtures plays a significant role in their physical, mental, and creative well-being. Preschools are recognized as one of the most important aspects of every child's life, and it is essential for them to have a conducive environment that not only provides a space for growth but also instills a sense of security and tranquility. In this regard, the present study aims to examine the physical quality of educational spaces with an emphasis on preschools and analyze the priorities and preferences of children in this area. The research methodology in this study is descriptive-survey, and the population includes 119 children aged 3 to 6 years (both girls and boys) in Gorgan. The Cochran formula was used to estimate the sample size, and the data were prepared for final analysis using SPSS. The results of the Mann-Whitney test indicate that only in the ranking of natural elements, the 3-4 year age group differs significantly from the 5-6 year age group, with the 5-6 year age group having a higher average compared to the 3-4 year age group. Additionally, children at different age levels show significant differences in the richness of activities in indoor and outdoor environments. Based on the results obtained, the importance of creating and improving educational spaces, especially in preschool environments, for the healthy development and future impact of children is clearly evident.

Climate change has become a global, cross-cultural challenge, significantly impacting human lives. The phenomenon has led to an increase in surface temperature, sudden weather events, and alterations in precipitation patterns. These changes pose new challenges in public health, food safety, and economic stability across various regions. This research, characterized as a descriptive-analytical study with an emphasis on quantitative methods, aims to assess physiological stress for the establishment of comfort in heat absorption and dissipation (Case study: Gilan Province). The objective is to identify high and low physiological stress levels above 20 degrees and below 20 degrees Celsius, respectively. Criteria such as air temperature in Fahrenheit, average relative humidity, minimum air temperature, and wind speed were considered for the evaluation. The data from meteorological stations in Gilan Province were used to classify the physiological stress index, and the final output was calculated using the Heat Comfort Coefficient in GIS environment. All processes and data analysis in GIS environment were assessed using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) statistical model, which predicts the spatial structure of unknown points based on the correlation between measured points. In the end, the final output map was categorized into 7 separate layers for both temperature ranges. The results of the physiological stress assessment indicated that most days in the central parts of Gilan Province are associated with comfort in heat absorption and dissipation, promoting human health.

Nursing profession is a stressful job. Nurses need to use appropriate coping strategies to maintain their focus on patient care and having marital adjustment and solving personal problems. The relationship between nurses’ identity styles with their used coping strategies and marital adjustment is not clear yet. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship of identity styles and coping strategies with marital adjustment in nurses.

This descriptive correlational study with cross-sectional design was conducted on 221 married nurses working in public hospitals in Rasht, Iran who were selected by a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the Billings and Moos’ coping responses inventory (CRI), Berzonsky’s identity styles inventory (ISI), and Locke-Wallace marital adjustment test (MAT). Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23.

The mean MAT score was 111.68 ±11.97. The mean ISI score was 100.31±12.27. The mean CRI score was 38.58±7.25. Marital adjustment had a significant correlation with informational (r=0.14, P=0.03) and normative (r=-0.17, P=0.01) identity styles and problem-focused coping strategy (r=-0.15, P=0.03). Multiple regression analysis showed that only identity styles and working hours could explain 20% of changes in marital adjustment of nurses.

The marital adjustment of married nurses in Rasht, Iran is at a favorable level. Their informational and normative identity styles and working hours can predict their marital adjustment.

The purpose of present study was assessing the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing method (EMDR) with an emphasis on Bilateral Tapping، in reducing chronic symptoms of Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder in warDevotees. The method of present study was quasi experimental، pretest-posttest with control group. For this study، 29 of the 64 eligible subjects، were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. Then the experimental group was treated with EMDR،during an average 8 sessions. The research tools were Post Traumatic StressDisorderChecklist (PCL) (Weathers & Others،1994) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (Spielberger& Others، 1970). The data obtained were analyzed using ANCOVA method. The results reveald that symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in the experimental gruop as compared with the control group was significantly reduced.