فهرست مطالب fateme moradi

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common age-related diseases, which has adverse effects on cognitive functions. This study aims to investigate the interaction effects of age and cognitive reserve on information processing speed, visuospatial working memory, and cognitive failures in middle-aged and older adults with COPD.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 on a 208 middle-aged and older patients with COPD who met the study criteria. Data were collected using the cognitive reserve index, cognitive failures questionnaire, the Corsi block-tapping test, and the symbol digit modalities test. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 27.

Aging significantly affected information processing speed, visuospatial working memory, and cognitive failures in COPD patients. Cognitive reserve had a significant effect on information processing speed and cognitive failures in COPD patients, but had no effect on visuospatial working memory. The interaction effect of age and cognitive reserve was significant only on the cognitive failures; the interaction effect had no significant effect on the information processing speed and visuospatial working memory. 

Age and cognitive reserve may have differential effects on various cognitive domains in middle-aged and older adults with COPD.

One of the important issues of Quranic sciences that is raised in the continuation of the discussion on the language and philosophy of religion is the language of Quran. Knowledge of the language of the Quran plays an important role in understanding the deep teachings of the Qur'an; Therefore, the study in this field is considered as one of the research requirements; Considering the important role of the family in the well-being and construction of the individual and society and the need to practice the Quranic and Islamic lifestyle, in order to achieve happiness, the researcher seeks to explain the language of the Quran in verses related to the family lifestyle. According to the present study, which was completed by descriptive-analytical method and using library sources, the language of the Quran in this category of verses is multifaceted; That is, Allah the Almighty to explain the family lifestyle and determine how couples interact with each other and parents with children and children with parents, has used various linguistic methods such as: the language of wisdom, the language of legislation, the language of warning, the language of preaching, the language of dispelling doubt, the language of education, the language of reason and the language of affection.

Increasing age and the onset of middle age are associated with inevitable changes in cognitive abilities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between religious behavior and cognitive ability of middle-aged people with the mediation of Positive meta-emotions.

The design of the present research was a correlational description and the statistical pupulation included all the middle-aged people of Shiraz city in 1400, which 247 middle-aged people were selected by available sampling method. In order to collect information, religious behavior scale, cognitive ability questionnaire and positive meta-emotion scale were used, which were completed online and through virtual networks. Data were analyzed using correlation and path analysis in SPSS and AMOS software.

Religious behavior has a significant positive relationship with positive meta-emotion (p=0.001 and β=0.49). Also, positive meta-emotion has a positive and significant relationship with cognitive ability (p=0.001 and β=0.36). The path of direct relationship between religious behavior and cognitive ability was also significant (p=0.009 and β=0.26). Therefore, the results of the path analysis indicated that positive meta-emotion can play a mediating role in the relationship between religious behavior and cognitive ability.

Therefore, according to the results of the present study, by providing therapeutic interventions based on improving religious behavior and positive meta emotions, it is possible to increase the cognitive ability of middle-aged people and thus to prevent or control cognitive decline in middle life and elderly.

For a long time, the limitation of water resources in Iran has made it mandatory to invent and create suitable methods to increase the efficiency of water use in rural communities, because water is one of the main pillars of sustainable growth and development of rural communities. An analysis based on documents, preparation of a researcher-made questionnaire, field visit and conducting in-depth interviews in accordance with the experiences, knowledge and insights of the interviewees in relation to the unknown and undiscovered indigenous knowledge in the field of water resources management of rural communities in Shaskoh District, Zirkoh County. The results of this research show the efficiency of traditional approaches and local management system of water resources.The results of this research show the efficiency of traditional approaches and local management system of water resources. The results of the research showed that the local users in the categories of irrigation, storage management, consumption and distribution of water use different eco-compatible methods. In the qualitative part of this knowledge It is valuable to start from the identification stage and based on that, the effectiveness of each of the methods was examined from the benefiting community, .

Non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the serum oxidative stress markers in patients with NAFLD.

In this case‑control study, 121 patients with NAFLD and 119 healthy subjects were frequency‑matched on gender. DII scores were calculated by using a 168‑item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood samples were collected to measure serum oxidative markers. Linear regression and odds ratio (OR) were also used in this study.

The mean ± standard deviation of age for case and control group was 38.04 ± 6.7 and 35.6 ± 10.2, respectively. The gender ratio (female to male) for the case and control group was 1:1.42 and 1:1.38, respectively. The mean of the DII in the patient group was significantly higher than the healthy group, (P‑values < 0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between TAC and DII (B = ‑2.63 (95%CI: ‑4.59, ‑0.68) and there was also a positive relationship between Malondialdehyde (MDA) and DII (B = 0.15 (95%CI: 0.02, 0.28) in the healthy group, but they were not significant in the case group. After multivariate adjustment, subjects in the most pro‑inflammatory DII group had 73 times higher odds of NAFLD compared to subjects in tertile 1 (OR = 72.9; 95%CI (14.3‑371.9)).

Our findings suggest a direct association between the pro inflammatory properties of diet in patient and healthy group, but no relationship between TAC, MDA, and DII in the case group.

Given that the population of the country is aging, the study of cognitive functions related to aging deserves attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of metacognition in the relationship between mind wandering and cognitive failure. The research design was descriptive-correlational and statistical population consisted of all middle-aged in Shiraz in 2020. In order to collect data, questionnaires of mind wandering, metacognition and cognitive failure were used. The research sample was 228 middle-aged through online recall and via social network and were assessed with questionnaires of mind wandering, metacognition and cognitive failure were used. The results of data analysis showed that mind wandering has a significant positive relationship with metacognition and cognitive failure. There was a significant positive relationship between metacognition and cognitive failure. Also the results of path analysis indicated that metacognition has a mediating role in the relationship between and mind wandering and cognitive failure. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, by providing therapeutic interventions based on reducing mind wandering and negative metacognitive beliefs, the rate of cognitive failure in middle-aged people can be reduced and thus to prevent or control cognitive decline in middle age and elderly.

 Health anxiety is characterized by persistent and severe health concerns and is an important concern for clinical professionals. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the affective and emotional composite temperament model and intolerance of uncertainty with health anxiety symptoms in medical students.

 This study was a correlational- predictive study. The statistical population of this study consisted of students of Kerman university of medical sciences, among whom 211 students were selected by convenience sampling. The research instruments included the health anxiety questionnaire, the affective and emotional composite temperament model scale, and the intolerance of uncertainty scale. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.

 The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that among the components of the affective and emotional composite temperament model, depression affective temperament, cyclothymic affective temperament, obsessive affective temperament, and irritability affective temperament and also anger emotional temperament, sensitivity the emotional temperament and the fear emotional temperament with health anxiety had significant positive relationship with health anxiety. However, there was a significant negative relationship between emotional hyperthymic and health anxiety. There was also a significant positive relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and health anxiety. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the depression affective temperament, obsessive affective temperament, anger emotional temperament, sensitivity emotional temperament and fear emotional temperament and also intolerance of uncertainty can positively and significantly predict health anxiety in medical students. The results also showed that intolerance of uncertainty can positively and significantly predict health anxiety in medical students.

 The affective and emotional composite temperament model and intolerance of uncertainty can explain the symptoms of health anxiety. Therefore, by providing therapeutic interventions based on modulating the emotional composite temperament and reducing intolerance of uncertainty can prevent or control the symptoms of health anxiety.

Considering the necessity of using cyberspace in accordance with the document of fundamental transformation of education, readiness in contingent conditions and the necessity of continuing education by using the effective opportunities available in cyberspace and parents' concern in choosing an efficient school for students, The purpose of this study was formed The effect of social media on the brand of primary schools. Due to the infinity of the study population, the sample size is 384 people through Cochran's formula, which was selected by random clustering. The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha and retest methods were used to ensure the validity of the narrative content by professors and experts and to ensure the reliability of the measurement tool. The results showed that the seven beehive factors proposed by Smith have a positive and significant relationship with the brand and all the dimensions proposed by Acker.

Aging is associated with unavoidable changes in cognitive abilities. Therefore, considering the aging of the population and the importance of cognitive functions at this sensitive age, identifying the factors affecting cognitive ability among elderly to strengthen their cognitive functions deserves attention. The present study aimed to investigate the role of self-transcendence, self-compassion and positive affect in predicting cognitive ability in elderly. It was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all elderly (60 to 70 year) in Kerman from 2019 to 2020. 208 elderly participants were selected using convenience sampling from Kerman Province Retirement Association. The research instruments were Nejati Cognitive Ability Questionnaire, Neff Compassion Scale, and Levinson Self-Transcendence Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed the significant positive relationship between self-transcendence and cognitive ability in the elderly. Besides, a significant positive relationship was reported between self-compassion and cognitive ability in the elderly. Furthermore, these results also suggested a significant positive relationship between positive affect and cognitive ability in elderly. The results of regression analysis also showed that self-transcendence and positive affect can positively predict cognitive ability in elderly. However, self-compassion was not a predictor of cognitive ability in elderly. Therefore, using therapeutic techniques based on self-transcendence theory and providing therapeutic interventions based on increasing positive affect, it is possible to promote cognitive ability and prevent cognitive failures in elderly.  References   Alea, N., Ali, S., & Arneaud, M. J. (2017). 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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as one of the most common lung diseases, has a progressive and debilitating nature and affects patients' psychological performance. It is often accompanied by decline in cognitive abilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of ego depletion in the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For this purpose, in a descriptive-correlational study, 204 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Kerman were selected by convenience sampling and were evaluated for cognitive failure, ego depletion, negative meta-emotion, and fatigue. The results of data analysis showed that negative meta-emotion, fatigue and ego depletion have significant positive relationship with cognitive failure. Also, the results of path analysis also suggested that ego depletion plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure. That is, part of the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure occurs through ego depletion. It means, part of the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure occurs through ego depletion. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, we can reduce the ego depletion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by providing therapeutic interventions based on reduction in negative meta-emotion and fatigue, thus preventing or controlling cognitive failure in these patients

Cannibalism is a behavioural characteristic that is defined in a wide range of animals and is widely seen in aquatic ecosystems and in more than 90% of the life cycle of animals, especially amphibians. Climate change is one of the most important threats to diversification. The studies show that the temperature changes the interaction of species and affects the cannibalism rate. In this study, to investigate the effect of emerging climate change on cannibalism, the independent and interactive effects of three factors including (high and low temperature), density (high and low density), and fluctuations in water levels (high, low and decreasing water levels) on head, tail and whole body cannibalism were investigated in the larval of Green toad (Bufotes variabilis) for the period of 10 months. In this study, generally, the highest rate of cannibalism was observed in low density (59.44%), high temperature (53.33%) and low water level (45%). In the interactive study, the highest percentage of cannibalism observed in the treatment of high temperature/low water level/low density with 90%. In contrast, the lowest percentages of cannibalism were recorded in low temperature/low water levels/low density with 20%. The results of ANOVA analysis indicated that temperature and density have a significant effect on the level of cannibalism. In contrast, this effect was not significant for fluctuations in the water level. The interaction of all three factors of temperature, density and water level also had a significant effect on cannibalism.

  Academic Burnout is associated with decrease in academic performance in students and investigating its predictor variables deserves attention.The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and procrastination in predicting academic burnout. The method of this research was correlational- predictive. Statistical population comprised of all Students of Faculty of Engineering in Alzahra University. 132 students participated in this study. Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (shufeli and et.al 2002) Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory- Revised (Foa and et.al 2002), Tuckman procrastination scale (Tuckman 1991) were used in this study. Data were analyzed by using the software 24 SPSS and Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple regression. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that procrastination had a significant positive correlation with all academic burnout subscales (emotional exhaustion, academic cynicism and academic inefficiency). It was also found that obsessive-compulsive disorder, washing, obsession and Neutralizing had significant positive correlation with all academic burnout subscales. Though, There were no significant relationship between checking, hoarding and all subscale of academic burnout. The results of regression analysis indicated that obsessive-compulsive symptoms and procrastination can predict all subscales of academic burnout. The results of the study showed, for the first time, that obsessive-compulsive symptoms plays an effective role in explaining academic burnout

Professional ethics has a high priority in all school programs, and neglecting it has many detrimental effects. In order to institutionalize ethics in their organizational culture, schools need continuous and effective promotion of professional ethics in all its pillars. Because of the importance of professional ethics in teacher decision-making and promoting commitment and culture in providing quality services in schools, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of professional ethics on organizational commitment with regard to the mediating effect of organizational culture.The research method is descriptive correlational and its statistical population is Isfahan school teachers. The sample size was 384 persons using Morgan table, which was selected by stratified random sampling.The tool used was standard questionnaire. To ensure the validity of the content, professors and experts and for reliability of the measuring tool, Cronbach's alpha and test-retest methods were used. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in order to evaluate the relationships. The results showed that professional ethics has a positive and significant relationship with organizational commitment and organizational culture. The results also showed that based on the data analysis, the structural equation modeling of the relationship between professional ethics and organizational commitment with the mediating role of organizational culture presented in the study population, despite the fit indices, has a good fit. Therefore, it has the capability to be used in society.

One of the relationships that students connect with school is sense of school love. School love can be created by creating special mental states in the student's mind and make a strong relationship between the student and the school, consequently, Take the situation to the point where a student without school will feel deprived And add to their learning in a variety of ways, including attention, compliance, school belonging, evaluating school education, self-regulation, and the application of cognitive strategy. Therefore, the present study has attempted to explain the importance of school love in primary school learning. The statistical population in this study was composed of fourth grade female students in Isfahan. Cluster sampling method and standard questionnaire were used. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest methods have been used to ensure the validity of the content by the professors and experts and to ensure the reliability of the measuring tools. The data were analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software. The findings showed that the subscales of attention and behavioral aspects of school love behavior, school belonging subscales and school education evaluation of emotionally related aspects of school love, self-regulation subscales, and cognitive strategic use of cognitive aspects of school-based learning led to better learning.

Elderly is one of the most sensitive and important age groups of community and their psychological, cognitive and emotional health deserves attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mindfulness and meta-emotions in predicting cognitive failures in elderly people. The method of this research was correlational- predictive. Statistical population comprised of all elderly people in Tehran in 2017. The sample of this study included 215 elderly who were selected by simple random sampling method from nursing homes and a two stage cluster sampling method from Parks in Tehran City. In order to gathering data Cognitive failures questionnaire (Broadbent, Cooper, FitzGerald & Parkes )Kentucky inventory mindfulness skill (Baer, Smith & Allen, 2004) and Meta-emotions scale (Mitmansgruber, Beck, Hofer & Schubler 2009) were used. In order to analyze data Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Regression method were employed. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that mindfulness had a significant negative correlation with cognitive failures. It was also found that positive meta- emotions had significant positive correlation with cognitive failures. And negative meta-emotions had significant negative correlation with cognitive failures. The results of regression analysis indicated that Mindfulness and negative meta-emotion can predict cognitive failures in the elderly. The results of the study showed that mindfulness and meta-emotions plays an effective role in explaining cognitive failures in the elderly.

All human beings need the proper nutrition in order to maintain and improve their health as well as achieve optimal physical and mental health. Proper nutrition not only sponsor calories and nutrients that is needed by the body, but also increase or decrease an inappropriate weight. Moreover, it prevents a range of physical and mental disorders related to nutrition and promotes the ability of person. Providing a detailed food rations for the military, on one hand, would require a comprehensive review of the age, sex, anthropometric conditions, type of military activities, available facilities and on the other hand, the cooperation with all relevant sectors.
Methods and Materials: This research is theoretical and analytical method that was performed in terms of content (Content Analysis) and it should be noted that the accuracy of the material has been proved in several papers; in other words, they are not just a theory.
From a military standpoint, diet (Ration) is the amount of necessary food for a military person in one day. Operational rations is a general term used for diets in operational areas and war. For the operational rations, the selection of a specific diet or a meal for individuals or groups depends on the logistical and the tactical conditions, environmental conditions, food consumption, Type of mission, enemy status, area of operation, and the time conditions.
Discussion and To participate in different parts of biological warfare, one military should be healthy enough to have enough ability for management and combat. Physical ability of a military requires suppliers and factors to prevent his immune system from weakness. Factors such as harsh climatic conditions, poor health and nutrition, other environmental stress are those that may reduce the physical capability of a fighter.

Inadequate consumption of fruits in students is a risk factor for some diseases such as cancers and cardiovascular disorders in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to predict the fruit consumption in elementary student based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in Chalderan. In this study, 184 students were selected through clustered randomization from male elementary schools. The data collection instruments included a researcher-made questionnaire and a 24-hour F&V recall. The reliability of the questionnaire with α=0.82 was confirmed. Data were collected after verification of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The data gathered were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and statistical analysis of correlation, regression and descriptive data. The results showed that mean (SD) of fruit and vegetable consumption is 1.47 unit in day. According to regression analysis, subjective norms, amount of pocket money, and behavioral intention, 39% of the predicted changes of fruit and vegetable consumption (R2 =0/39, F=10/72, p<0.001). As well as based on this model, attitude predicts 20% changes of intention the consumption of fruit and vegetables (R2=0/20, F=6/68, p=0.01). Fruit consumption in students is less than the amount recommended by the World Health Organization. According to the findings of this study, there should be attention in design of educational interventions for elementary student on subjective norms and behavioral intention variables. Also, economic status can be an effective factor in the consumption of fruit and vegetables.

This study has examined the impact of capital structure on intellectual capital (IC) performance in case of companies listed on Tehran stock exchange (TSE). IC performance is related to the efficiency of invested capital on tangible and intangible assets and resources and affect competitive advantage in long term period. This study tests whether the type of ownership (public and private, including corporate and individual) can explain the changes in intellectual capital performance. This study uses an experimental model called Pulic to measure intellectual capital of 141 companies among the samples, which were selected based on screening rules. The data includes all companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during 2002- 2013. The results of performed test on the impact of capital structure on corporate intellectual capital performance using EViews software version 7 and panel data models, indicate that there is a significant relationship between them where the relationship between state ownership and intellectual capital performance is an inverse (negative) one.

In this article we review the application and procedures involved in scanning electron microscope (SEM) to observe biological and live tissues through using SEM at high resolution. We discuss practical methods for optimizing tissue preservation to achieve the two principal goals of biological specimen preparation: (a) preserving biological structures as close to their living configuration as possible, and (b) rendering them visible with the desired imaging method. We also review and discuss the relative merits of different fixing (chemical fixation and cryofixation), drying (air-drying, critical point-drying, freeze-drying and chemical-drying) and coating procedures of biological specimens with metals to facilitate visualization in the SEM.