فهرست مطالب fatemeh javanmardi

Relational goals newly added to the teachers’ goal orientation framework have been identified as one of the central features of effective teaching. However, little research has taken such goals into account, specifically in higher education contexts. Concerning the association between self-efficacy and goal orientations, this study was undertaken to investigate the predictive power of instructors’ relational goals over teaching-related outcomes with teaching self-efficacy as a mediator. Three hundred thirty-eight Iranian EFL university instructors participated in the study. Their relational goals and teaching-related cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes were assessed through four scales (Instructors’ Achievement Goals for Teaching, Attitudes towards Help-Seeking, Positive Affect, and SEEQ (Students’ Evaluations of Educational Quality) Self-Reported Teaching Quality). Through a Structural Equation Modeling method, the proposed model was tested. The results confirmed the mediating effect of teaching self-efficacy on the relationship between instructors’ relational goals and their teaching-related outcomes. Relational goal-oriented instructors with teaching self-efficacy viewed help-seeking (cognitive outcomes) as a beneficial performance rather than a threat. Regarding their positive affect (affective outcomes), the results indicated instructors’ great enthusiasm for more effective teaching. Considering instructors’ self-reported teaching quality (behavioral outcomes), their engagement and commitment in teaching were shown. In conclusion, the results emphasized the importance of instructors’ relational goals in establishing high-quality learning and teaching environments.

This study aimed at investigating the manifestations of objectivity in American academic texts across different disciplines and various time spans. To achieve this, the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) was surveyed in terms of the frequency of occurrence of the four identified linguistic features (i.e., passive voice, impersonality, hedging, and attitude markers) as the indicators of objectivity (e.g., Alvin, 2014; Bal-Gezegin & Baş, 2020) to find the cross-disciplinary differences during the last twenty years. The results indicated that passive voice was employed differently across the academic disciplines of COCA and the notion of impersonality was more realized in hard sciences in comparison to soft ones. Moreover, the findings revealed a decline in the occurrence of passive voice through time in all the academic disciplines. In addition, hedging and attitude markers were more manifested in hard sciences probably due to the writers’ inclination to be judged objectively. Finally, objectivity was shown to have a steady increase in American academic texts implying that, though the authors of academic texts revealed less inclination to employ passive voice to avoid difficulty and ambiguity, they have employed less personal authorial references to stick to the notion of objectivity and impartiality during the recent years.

Due to the Corona virus pandemic in 2019, all around the world people had to spend a long time in quarantine. The effect of this life style on the sexual behaviors of couples is an important issue that needs further investigation. The present study mainly aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the sexual behaviors of married couples.

In total, 740 participants completed questionnaires through different online social platforms. The participants were married men and women over 18 years old. The required data were obtained from the sexual behaviors of couple’s questionnaire (Iranian version), Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, and demographic variables questionnaire.

Data analysis revealed that 56.1% and 49.7% of the participants experienced no changes in their sexual and desire sexual frequency, respectively. According to multiple regression analysis, it was found that satisfaction with the partner, satisfaction with marriage, economic status, emotional relationship, tobacco use, psychiatric disorders have significant relationships with sexual frequency in couples.

According to the results, it can be concluded that there were no significant differences in sexual desire, frequency, pleasure and request in married couples during the COVID-19 outbreak.

The rapid spread of the virus around the world is raising alarms among scientists to identify vulnerable people who are at greater risk of infection. In this regard, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in different blood groups.

To find relevant studies, a comprehensive and systematic search was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines in international databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar by December 31, 2020.

After the audit and exclusion of double and unrelated studies, 19 articles were included in the analysis. The most prevalent blood types in alive patients were A and O which calculated the aggregate prevalence at - 39.06 (95% CI: 36.22-41.94) and 35.60 (95% CI: 32.48-38.79). In addition, patients with blood groups B and AB were less than two other groups. The aggregated/estimated prevalence was 7.72 (95% CI: 5.06-10.88) and 16.23 (95% CI: 12.86-19.91) for AB and B, respectively. The results for the deceased had a similar pattern that was high for blood types A and O.

The current meta-analysis validated different prevalence rates of blood group types in patients with COVID-19, confirming that types A and O blood groups are the most prevalent types of deaths and live patients.

A common problem among diabetic patients is foot ulcers and infections, impacting up to 15% of diabetic patients over their lifetime. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of bacterial agents and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in patients with diabetic foot infection in Namazi and Shahid Faghihi hospitals in Shiraz.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Namazi and Shahid Faghihi hospitals in Shiraz. The collected samples were transferred to the laboratory for culture and biochemical tests. After accurate identification of bacterial agents, antibiotic susceptibility of all isolated bacteria was evaluated by disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 19).

In this study, 166 patients with diabetic foot ulcers were evaluated. The mean age of patients was 55.8± 13.2 years, and 109 (66.4%) cases were male. Also, 62% of patients had an underlying disease, while most of them had hypertension (27%). The most prevalent isolated bacterium was Staphylococcus epidermidis. The most effective antibiotics against isolated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were vancomycin and amikacin, respectively.

  In this study, it was concluded that the frequency of Gram-negative bacteria in diabetic foot ulcer infections was higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria.

Serological assay has critical role in defining immunity based on seroprevalence. Identifying the extend of seropositivity would determine the truly infected cases.

We conducted serologic testing for SARS-COV-2 antibodies in 492 health care workers (HCWs) before vaccination program in Shiraz, Iran (30 April 2020).

Based on job position, cases were divided into two categories: frontline staff (169, 34.34%) and non-front-line staff (323, 65.65%). Of all cases 40.65 were female and the rest of them were male. Mean age was estimated 47.97 ± 109.20 and 38.98 ± 8.76 in high risk and low risk population respectively (P = 0.1). In total 367 (74.59%) subjects reported to suffered at least one of the COVID-19 symptoms. More than half of cases (73.57) had history of COVID-19 disease within six months before this survey. No relation was seen between blood type and immunoglobulin positivity. Seropositivity prevalence in low risk and high-risk populations were estimated 8.0 (95% CI: 1.0-16.8) and 5.2(95% CI: 1.2-9.8) respectively. The immunoglobulin test for SARS-COV-2 revealed that 64 (64/492, 13%) and 37 (37/492, 7.52%) subjects had IgG and IgM antibodies against the virus. 14 (14/169, 8.28%) individuals who had IgM were frontline health workers, this is while 23 (14/323, 7.12%) were non front line

The findings of this study imply that seropositivity was lower in non-frontline health care staff. Furthermore, there was no association between blood type and seropositivity. Therefore, the knowledge of antibody status may help into overcome fears in clinical staff, and also more attention is need for interpreting the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to make a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, since the time of expose and time of test is an important point which should be considered in the issue.

Identifying effective biomarkers plays a critical role on screening; rapid diagnosis; proper man-agements and therapeutic options,which is helpful in preventing serious complications. The present study aimed to compare the liver laboratory tests between alive and dead hospitalized cases for prediction and proper management of the patients.

This retrospective, cross sectional study consists of all deceased patients admitted in one center in Shiraz, Iran during 19 Feb 2020 to 22 Aug 2021. For further comparison,we selected a 1:2 ratios alive group randomly.

Overall, 875 hospitalized cases died due to COVID-19. We selected 1750 alive group randomly. The median age was significantly higher in died group (65.96 vs 51.20). Regarding the laboratory findings during the hospitalization ALT, AST, Bili.D were significantly higher in non-survivors than survivors but Albumin was less in deceased patients. It was revealed elevated levels of Albumin, AST, Bili.T and Bili.D were associated with increasing the risk of in hospital death. Moreover, the predictive effect of ALP and Bili.D had significantly more than others with high sensitivity and specify.

We found patients with COVID-19 have reduced serum albumin level, and increase ALT and AST. The current results revealed abnormal liver chemistries is associated with poor outcome, which highlight-ed the importance of monitoring these patients more carefully and should be given more caution.

Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome in neonates, which is an uncommon but significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of sepsis caused by Escherichia coli and its antibiotic resistance pattern as well as to assess the potential risk factors in neonates and maternal characteristics in Shiraz.

This retrospective study was performed on infants with sepsis in the first three days of life during February 2019 to March 2021. Patientschr('39') information was obtained using their hospital records and a questionnaire. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software Ver. 18.0. A p-value <.05 was considered as statistically significant

During this study, a total of 250 positive blood cultures were reported for infants less than 3 days old. Of these, 21(8.4%) E. coli strains were isolated from 14 preterm and 7 term neonates. In all patients, the most effective antibiotic was meropenem, and the highest resistance was observed to cefoxitin.

Base on the present study results, E. coli is the most prevalent Gram-negative bacterium isolated in Shiraz. Premature birth and very low weight are the most important risk factors for developing early-onset sepsis.

Burn is one of the most traumatic injuries and life-threatening states which is a global public health problem, accounting for an estimated 180 000 deaths annually. In burn trauma patients, intubation and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a major threat. Added to other complications this may be responsible for the higher morbimortality of burn patients. In this one-year cross-sectional study (September 2018 to September 2019), a total of 70 patients hospitalized in the burn ICU ward were sampled according to the study criteria. Cases were hospitalized in Amir-al-Momenin burn hospital, affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Tracheal samples were evaluated for bacterial infection with standard microbiological techniques. In the following process, an antibacterial susceptibility test was performed for confirmed isolates with the Kirby-Bauer method and recommended antibiotics by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. According to the results of the study, a total of 21 (30%) positive growth samples were detected. The age range of patients was estimated at 1–60 years old with the mean age 29.61±21.56 years. The lowest resistance rate was seen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolates against gentamycin. Based on the results, it was seen that all Escherichia coli isolates were resistant against all of the examined antibiotics. Appropriate infection control policies and knowing the antimicrobial pattern in burn patients especially in intensive care units may help to provide the best treatment for burn patients and save their life.

 In clinical cancer studies, there has been a high tendency of searching for more specific and new prognostic factors in cancers in the last few years. This multistate study aimed to model the progression of Hodgkin's disease by accounting for individual effect (heterogeneity) using the joint and independent frailty models.

 After the utilization of the illness-death model, joint-modeling accounted for the dependency between relapse and death by considering the individual characteristics as a frailty term. Therefore, the effect of influential prognostic factors was evaluated on disease progression by frailty and joint-frailty multistate models.

 The individual predictions were determined using the frameworks of the both models. The model was applied to 389 Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Gender (male), age (over 55 years), and low level of hemoglobin (less than 10.5) were associated with an increased risk of death and relapse in patients. The likelihood cross-validation criterion was proposed to choose the joint frailty model as a better fitting model.

 Multistate models were appropriate tools to study the whole event history of the subjects, which provided a deep insight into the dynamics of the disease. The problem of events-subjects dependency in the survival data was clarified using the multistate model. Therefore, the heterogeneity and dependency between the states led to more accurate estimations of the effects of the prognostic factors, thereby improving the predictions.

Despite the whole world’s effort for controlling an ongoing global outbreak caused by new corona virus; it is still a major public health issue. Any hospitalized patient or outpatient in burn departments should be considered as a potential infectious source of COVID-19, which may cause an overwhelming of disease. However, there are no previous experiences about COVID-19 in burn patients all over the world, and here we reported two burn cases at Amir-al-Momenin Burn Hospital Affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran with skin manifestations, which were detected as a rarely COVID-19 symptom. A 13-year-old girl [total body surface area (TBSA): 18%] and a 37-year-old woman (TBSA: 30%) who had burn injuries by gas explosion and car accident, respectively were enrolled. After admission, some vesicular injuries were visible in burn area. To confirm, skin biopsy specimens were either sent for histopathology examination or for real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as follow: Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), chicken pox, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) for fungal infections. All test results were negative. Although they had no symptoms of COVID-19, two swabs from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samplings were taken, the result was negative either. Specimens were obtained from vesicular lesions for qRT-PCR assay of COVID-19. According to the molecular results for vesicular samples, all the results were positive for COVID-19. Unlike all other COVID-19 patients who have respiratory symptoms, SARS-COV-2 appeared by cutaneous vesicular and blisters in two burn cases.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) has created a global concern for public health. Having sufficient data is the first step to understand the behavior of contagious diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Although various studies have assessed COVID-19 features, there are many limitations about patients’ characteristics, complications, and outcomes in different countries including Iran. The present study reported launching an electronic database for COVID-19 patients in Fars province, Iran.

A comprehensive web-based multicenter registry was designed and launched by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in order to collect all information about COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Fars province, Iran.

In this registry, patients’ demographic characteristics, chest computed tomography scan findings, laboratory tests, complications during hospitalization, treatments, and disease course in Intensive Care units are recorded on a web-based electronic database. The virtual statues of the patient’s family are evaluated by telephone calls, and the proceeding will be implemented for quarantine and hospitalization if required.

The registry is hoped to help all scientists to understand the current challenges and be prepared for possible future waves of the epidemic. Finally, this registry is a resource for all researchers who are interested in coronavirus and plays an important role in supporting the scientific community on the frontlines of combating the virus.

In the beginning of 2020, an unexpected outbreak due to a new corona virus made the head-lines all over the world. Exponential growth in the number of those affected makes this virus such a threat. Thecurrent meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of underlying disorders in hospitalized COVID-19 pa-tients.

A comprehensive systematic search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, andGoogle scholar, to find articles published until 15 February 2020. All relevant articles that reported clinical char-acteristics and epidemiological information of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included in the analysis.

The data of 76993 patients presented in 10 articles were included in this study. According to the meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, smoking history and diabetes in peopleinfected with SARS-CoV-2 were estimated as 16.37% (95%CI: 10.15%-23.65%), 12.11% (95%CI 4.40%-22.75%),7.63% (95%CI 3.83%-12.43%) and 7.87% (95%CI 6.57%-9.28%), respectively.

According to the find-ings of the present study, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, smoking, chronic obstructivepulmonary disease (COPD), malignancy, and chronic kidney disease were among the most prevalent underlyingdiseases among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, respectively

Accurate diagnosis of nosocomial infections is crucial for appropriate antibiotic therapy, as well as avoiding unnecessary use of drugs. Mainly 3 gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are involved in nosocomial infections. These bacteria are possibly misdiagnosed with together in traditional diagnostic methods. In this regard, a rapid molecular diagnostic kit was developed in Shiraz Burn Research Center. Using this diagnostic kit, the sensitivity and specificity analyses showed following results, respectively: P. aeruginosa: 100%, 96.8%; A. baumannii: 100%, 100%, and S. maltophilia: 96.7%, and 93.8%. Therefore, this multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method with 3 primer sequences could be a responsive technique in timely and appropriate detection of studied bacteria.

Burn is one of the most traumatic injuries and life-threatening states which expose children at a higher risk. The aim of this study was evaluating the epidemiology of pediatric burns in age less than eighteen years old during the last decade.

This cross-sectional study was carried out during 2008-2017 in Amir-al Momenin Burn Center, affiliated by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. The subjects consisted of burn victims under 18 years old who were registered as outpatients and inpatients.

During the study period, 1893 and 12431 patient were registered as inpatients and outpatients of the hospital. The burn victims were males. Children under 5 years old were prone to scald injuries more than children in any other age. More than 90% of inpatients children burned accidentally, while 116 (6.12%) burn injuries were suicidal; which was mostly seen in girls (75%, 87 out of 116).

Most burns involved scalds from hot liquids especially in children age less than 5 years. Different strategies can be executed by means of broadcast flashes in mass media and educational programs through schools to show risk situation and statements calling attention to prevent childhood burn injuries.

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a unique cancer of lymphocytes that has unknown reason. As lymphocytes are found throughout the lymphatic system, HL can start almost anywhere in the body. It usually starts in a group of lymph nodes in one part of the body; it usually spreads in a predictable form, from one group of lymph nodes to the next. Eventually, it can spread to almost any tissue or organ in the body through the lymphatic system or the bloodstream. So it's important to evaluate the prognostic factors of mortality and recurrence. The aim of this study is to use multistate model to consider the event history of patients and assess important prognostic factors.
We performed a retrospective review on 389 patients with Hodgkin's disease referred to the Oncology and Hematology Center, Shafa Hospital, Ahvaz during 2002 and 2012. An illness – death model was fitted to assess the hazard of transitions during the course of the disease for each prognostic factor.
The results showed that the prevalence rate was higher in male population ≥50 years of age with a hemoglobin level of less than 10.5 g per deciliter and diagnosis of advanced stage of disease. The risk of death for males was twice more than females (HR=2.07). Moreover, patients with mediastina and spleen involvement were more than others in danger of death (1.66 and 1.36, respectively).
In conclusion, the multistate model offers an appropriate method to consider the event history of patients and determine main prognostic factors, which play an important role in rapid diagnosis and choosing the best treatment choice for each patient.

Different hormonal responses may appear in severe head injured patients. These changes can also be seen during recovery and rehabilitation periods influencing the outcome. The aim of this study was to compare changes in thyroid hormones among severe head injury patients undergone craniotomy with those who did not undergo similar intervention. Subjects and In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 59 severe focal brain lesions patients admitted to Ahwaz Golestan Hospital neurosurgery service, having the criteria of inclusion, were selected. The patients were divided into two groups (n=27 each). The first group who underwent brain surgery craniotomy and the second group did not undergo craniotomy. Two serum samples, one was taken after 24 hours and a second was taken on day 5 of admission. Using ELISA tests for T3, T4 and TSH serum levels were measured. Data were analyzed by independent T, and Pearson correlation tests. Mean serum T4 on the fifth day in patients with severe head injury who had craniotomy was significantly greater than patients who had no craniotomy. The mean serum T4 levels in patients with severe head injury in the first group on the fifth day of the second group of patients had higher and There was a statistically significant difference between them and the recovery of serum T4 in both groups, there was a correlation (p <0.05).There were relationships between recovery and T4 levels in both groups. Mean serum T3 and TSH serum levels on the fifth day in patients undergone craniotomy were not statistically significant different with patients did not undergo craniotomy. The results of this study showed that, craniotomy surgery was effective in improving patients with severe head trauma. Furthermore, T4 serum level can be used as a prognostic factor in these patients.

With the development of research on educational psychology and foreign language teaching and learning, one of the most controversial concepts in educational psychology might be the issues related to the students’ achievement goal orientations. Regarding the goals that students adopt which might influence their academic success and failure, this study was undertaken to determine whether gender and different years of education affected the relationship between students’ achievement goal and their academic achievement. To achieve such goals, achievement goal orientation questionnaires were distributed among 182 male and female B.A. students, majoring in English Literature at Shiraz University. The obtained data were analyzed through multiple regression coefficient. The results showed that only in the case of females, gender affected the relationship between students with performance approach and performance avoidant goal orientation and their academic achievement. In addition, in the case of freshmen and juniors, only performance approach was the significant predictor of the students’ academic achievement. Regarding sophomore students, adopting such a goal did not have significant effects on their academic achievement. Likewise, in the case of seniors, both performance approach and performance avoidant had significant effects on the students’ academic achievement.